火箭深弹水下减阻技术研究

基于Fluent软件,对火箭深弹的水下减阻技术进行了研究。提出了火箭深弹中部补气的减阻方式。通过对下潜速度和通气量2个影响因素的分析,得到了火箭深弹在8～100 m/s速度范围的流场计算结果。计算结果表明,中部补气能有效地减小阻力,最大减阻效率达到25%;火箭深弹在水中所受阻力随通气量的增大而减小,在通气量相同的条件下,减阻效率随下潜速度的减小而增大。计算结果与实验结果基本一致。     

超声速PIV示踪粒子布撒技术研究

介绍了上海交通大学高超声速创新技术研究实验室为发展超声速PIV流场测试系统而开发的示踪粒子布撒技术.研究中设计了一套超声速风洞PIV示踪粒子布撒装置,提出了利用发生器罐体内的真空度吸入示踪粒子的加注方式,选定了测试流程时序并得到了较好的粒子布撒效果.通过比较不同的发生器罐注入压力对粒子布撒浓度的影响,得到了效果良好的测试方案.     

基于滑移网格的临近空间螺旋桨流场数值仿真

基于滑移网格模型,考虑RNG k-ε湍流模型,通过求解三维非定常N-S方程,仿真研究了螺旋桨非定常旋转流场,比较研究了20km临近空间环境下不同前进速度、不同转速下螺旋桨气动性能的异同.结果显示,拉力随转速的增大而增大,效率随转速的增大先增大后减小;桨叶周围的速度及速度场的分布范围,涡流强度的大小及涡流强度的分布范围都随转速的增大而增大;桨叶旋转运动产生的诱导速度对螺旋桨前面流场的影响范围较小,对螺旋桨后面流场的影响范围较大.     

雷达对隐身目标的探测性能分析

文章描述了隐身技术影响下的雷达探测空域减缩,讨论了隐身技术使转发式电子干扰的欺骗性增强,分析了在无源阻抗加载和有源阻抗加载情况下的隐身目标角闪烁增大,提出了隐身技术对雷达成像制导的破坏,最后阐明了隐身技术与电子干扰相结合,以及实现阻抗加载技术将对防空雷达的威胁更加严重.     

有限维修渠道约束下多级维修供应系统库存控制

多级维修供应管理是提高装备保障效能的有效途径,备件的筹措和规划是影响装备可用度和形成战斗力的关键因素。在可修备件库存控制的多等级(METRIC)理论的基础上,放宽了模型中"无限维修总体"的假设条件,根据M/M/C排队论,对故障件的平均维修周转时间及备件供应渠道进行了修正,建立了备件的初始库存优化模型。在传统边际优化算法的基础上,通过引入分层优化的思想,对算法进行改进,使算法具有更高的运算效率,并在理论上对其进行了证明。算例结果表明:在保证计算结果完全一致的基础上,改进的分层边际优化算法能够大大提高运算效率。     

基于零点配置的分力合成主动振动抑制方法研究(英文)

The component synthesis active vibration suppression method （CSVS） can be applied to suppress the vibration of flexible systems. By this method, several same or similar time-varying components are arranged according to certain rules along the time axis. The synthesized command can suppress the arbitrary unwanted vibration harmonic while achieving the desired rigid body motion. The number of the components increases rapidly when the number of harmonic vibration is growing. In this article, the CSVS based on zero-placement technique is used to construct the synthesized command to suppress the multi-harmonics simultaneously in the discrete domain. The nature of zero-placement method is to put enough zeros to cancel system poles at necessary points. The designed synthesized command has equal time intervals between each component and which is much easier to be implemented. Using this method, the number of components increases linearly with the increasing of the number of being suppressed harmonics. For the spacecraft with flexible appendages, CSVS based on zero-placement is used to design the time optimal large angle maneuver control strategy. Simulations have verified the validity and superiority of the proposed approach.     

Ionosphere tomography based on spaceborne SAR

Two models of ionosphere tomography based on spaceborne SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) are proposed. For HF-SAR the signal with sweeping frequency lower than the characteristic frequency of ionosphere will be scatted during the ionosphere propagation and completely reflected at a corresponding height. The ionospheric electron density isolines looked as series of random surfaces can be reconstructed from the HF-SAR echoes by using the inverse scattering technique for layered rough surfaces and the method of moment (MoM). The numerical simulation show that due to the MoM can provide a full wave solution, the ionosphere tomography with high resolution can be obtained as long as enough sampling data of HF-SAR echoes are used. For VHF/UHF/P/L-band SAR the TEC (Total Electron Content) can be obtained from the SAR echoes scattered by some strong point targets (such as the calibrators, etc.) appeared in the SAR imaged ground region, and the ionosphere tomography can be performed by CT technique.     

AEKF在姿态确定中的应用研究

设计了加性扩展Kalman滤波器(AEKF),对卫星姿态进行了准确估计。针对四元数法描述卫星姿态所引起的信息冗余能使滤波误差协方差阵产生奇异,并导致滤波发散,为此提出了用协方差阵降维法解决该问题。仿真结果表明,应用本文设计的滤波器,能有效克服姿态敏感器的量测噪声,准确估计出卫星的姿态。     

高超声速飞行器相关的摩擦阻力直接测量技术

摩擦阻力是高超声速飞行器气动力的重要组成部分,也是制约高超声速飞行器发展的重要因素,因而对摩擦阻力的准确测量就显得尤为重要.简要介绍了近年国内外与高超声速相关的摩擦阻力直接测量技术的发展状况,同时对中国航天空气动力技术研究院自行研制的两套摩擦阻力测量装置作了介绍,并指出应变式摩阻天平技术是测量摩擦阻力的有效途径之一.文中给出了这两种结构形式摩阻天平的静校结果及其在高超声速风洞中的试验结果,并对结果进行了讨论.     

索穹顶结构的气动阻尼识别

索穹顶是一种具有很强风振敏感性的大跨柔性结构,风振问题在设计中应予以高度重视,这其中气动阻尼有至关重要的影响,而如何有效地识别气动阻尼则是问题的关键.利用肋环型索穹顶结构气弹模型风洞实验的数据,先由经验模态分解法提取信号的低频分量,并在此基础上采用改进的随机减量法及Hilbert变换得到结构的气动阻尼,结果证明该方法是稳定而有效的.最后在计算分析的基础上总结了索穹顶结构中气动阻尼随风速及风向角的变化规律.