Review on ultra-lightweight flapping-wing nano air vehicles:Artificial muscles,flight control mechanism,and biomimetic wings

Flying insects are capable of flapping their wings to provide the required power and control forces for flight. A coordinated organizational system including muscles, wings, and control architecture plays a significant role, which provides the sources of inspiration for designing flapping-wing vehicles. In recent years, due to the development of micro-and meso-scale manufacturing technologies, advances in components technologies have directly led to a progress of smaller Flapping-Wing Nano Air V...     

民机新一代驾驶舱显示技术

在研究最新大型民用客机驾驶舱显示技术及平视显示器、电子飞行包、视景增强、合成视景等一系列新兴在研技术基础上,提出新一代驾驶舱显示技术的构想。新一代驾驶舱显示技术将以形象化的信息表达能力为基础,显示更丰富的周围环境,以达到降低飞行员工作量及提高飞行员情景意识和态势感知能力的目的。     

An intelligent approach for flight risk prediction under icing conditions

Flight risk prediction is significant in improving the flight crew’s situational awareness because it allows them to adopt appropriate operation strategies to prevent risk expansion caused by abnormal conditions, especially aircraft icing conditions. The flight risk space representing the nonlinear mapping relations between risk degree and the three-dimensional commanded vector(commanded airspeed, commanded bank angle, and commanded vertical velocity) is developed to provide the crew with practi...     

基于民航校验飞机的星基增强服务性能评估CSCD

为了进一步拓展全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)在民用航空等高生命安全领域的应用,世界各国争相发展星基增强系统(SBAS),美欧等SBAS已正式向民用航空领域提供了决断高度200英尺(约60.96m)的垂直导航信标性能(LPV-200)服务。我国的BDSBAS也已经完成系统建设,将向中国及周边区域提供满足国际民航组织(ICAO)一类垂直引导进近(APV-I)指标要求的单频增强服务。重点针对单频增强服务性能评估开展研究工作,首先从定位精度、完好性、可用性和连续性四个方面对星基增强服务评估方法进行了论述;再通过多次航空飞行试验对BDSBAS单频增强服务性能进行了验证,结果表明,航空飞行试验期间可满足APV-I设计指标要求;最后对BDSBAS单频增强服务在全国301个中大型机场的可用性进行了分析,非精密进近(NPA)可用性、APV-I可用性、LPV-200可用性在全国机场的覆盖率分别达到了97%、89.7%和83.1%。     

Rational design of self-powered sensors with polymer nanocomposites for human–machine interaction

Smart sensors are becoming one of the necessities for connecting and detecting surrounding stimuli with tremendous convenience, especially when exploiting a single powerful sensor with multifunctionality. To successfully accomplish the design of a self-powered sensor, serving power is becoming a critical issue because of its continuously consumed energy required by electronics. A variety of nanogenerators aiming for the rational design of self-powered system are reviewed and compared, followed by their recent advances with polymer nanocomposites for self-powered sensors. More importantly, the proposed conceptual design of a self-powered unit/device with triboelectric nanogenerator has been emphasized to eventually realize the practical activities towards multiple detections and human–machine interaction. Finally, challenges and new prospects of rational design of self-powered polymer composite sensors in achieving human–machine interaction/interface are discussed.     

Locally generalised multi-agent reinforcement learning for demand and capacity balancing with customised neural networks

Reinforcement Learning (RL) techniques are being studied to solve the Demand and Capacity Balancing (DCB) problems to fully exploit their computational performance. A locally generalised Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) for real-world DCB problems is proposed. The proposed method can deploy trained agents directly to unseen scenarios in a specific Air Traffic Flow Management (ATFM) region to quickly obtain a satisfactory solution. In this method, agents of all flights in a scenario form a multi-agent decision-making system based on partial observation. The trained agent with the customised neural network can be deployed directly on the corresponding flight, allowing it to solve the DCB problem jointly. A cooperation coefficient is introduced in the reward function, which is used to adjust the agent’s cooperation preference in a multi-agent system, thereby controlling the distribution of flight delay time allocation. A multi-iteration mechanism is designed for the DCB decision-making framework to deal with problems arising from non-stationarity in MARL and to ensure that all hotspots are eliminated. Experiments based on large-scale high-complexity real-world scenarios are conducted to verify the effectiveness and efficiency of the method. From a statistical point of view, it is proven that the proposed method is generalised within the scope of the flights and sectors of interest, and its optimisation performance outperforms the standard computer-assisted slot allocation and state-of-the-art RL-based DCB methods. The sensitivity analysis preliminarily reveals the effect of the cooperation coefficient on delay time allocation.     

Novel roll effector based on zero-mass-flux dual synthetic jets and its flight test

The autonomous and controllable Dual Synthetic Jet Actuator (DSJA) is firstly integrated into the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), and flight tests without the deflection of rudders are carried out to verify the viability of DSJA to control the attitudes of UAV during cruising. DSJA is improved into an actuator with two diaphragms and three cavities, which has higher energy levels. Actuators, differentially distributed on both sides of the wings, are installed on the trailing edge close to the wing tips. Flight tests, containing Differential Circulation Control (DCC) using double-side actuators, Positive Circulation Control (PCC) using left-side actuators and Negative Circulation Control (NCC) using right-side actuators, are implemented at cruising speed of 25 m/s. Results show that roll attitude control without rudders could be realized by DSJAs. DCC and NCC can generate the rightward roll and yaw angular velocity, prompting UAV to turn right. The stronger controlling ability can be achieved by DCC, with the maximum roll angular velocity of 15.62 (°)/s. PCC can generate a rightward roll moment, but a leftward yaw moment will be produced at the same time. Leftward yaw induces the leftward rolling moment, which weakens the roll control effect, making UAV keep to yaw to the left with a small slope.     

一种超宽带电子战测频技术的研究

随着雷达技术的发展,宽带瞬时信号截获是信息化装备的必备功能单元.从理论和试验验证的角度详细分析了超宽带电子战接收机的工作原理、测频技术和应用场景,提出了一种简化的MonoDFT算法,实现了2GHz～18GHz频段内雷达信号辐射源的高精度频率测量,并设计了两种应用场景和实现方法.理论分析与实验表明,接收机能够实现瞬时带宽...     

固体火箭飞行静载荷计算的偏差使用方法优化

新型固体火箭对提升运载效率的需求日益强烈,由此发展出一些以提升载荷设计精度为目标的载荷优化方法,可有效实现结构的减载减质。现有优化方法仅考虑单项偏差,未考虑各项偏差间的匹配性和传递过程的合理性,很大程度上限制了载荷设计精度的进一步提升。梳理和分析了载荷计算过程涉及的多项参数偏差,提炼出原始偏差和过程偏差的概念,指出了传统方法在偏差使用及传递过程中的不合理。在此基础上,充分结合新型固体火箭的研制特点,改进了偏差的使用方法,降低了过程偏差对载荷计算精度的影响。结果表明该方法可有效提高载荷设计精度、准确性和效率。     

Enhanced ultrasonic total focusing imaging of CFRP corner with ray theory-based homogenization technique

Ultrasonic testing is effective in defect characterization and quality assurance of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP) components in the aerospace industry. Due to the coupling between complex shape and elastic anisotropy, the Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing (PAUT) and time-based Total Focusing Method (TFM) face significant challenges in the calculation of wave propagation. A wave velocity distribution model is established for a multidirectional convex corner of CFRP based on a homogenization theory and the above coupling effects are also incorporated. A ray-tracing method is proposed based on Dijkstra’s shortest path search algorithm. The predicted time of flight ensures that this technique, the homogenized TFM, could synthesize a high-quality focused image by post-processing on the full matrix capture data. Experiments on a laminate with three ?1.5 mm Side-Drilled Holes (SDHs) in different circumferential directions confirm a successful homogenized TFM imaging that all SDHs can be effectively detected. As compared to the isotropic scenario, the maximum positioning error is reduced to 0.12, 0.08, and 0.38 mm, and the Signal-to-Noise Ratios (SNRs) are increased by 2.1, 1.1, and 11.8 dB, respectively. It is suggested that the ray-tracing assisted TFM technique can effectively improve the imaging of corners in CFRP components.