推力向量控制方案及计算

本文归纳推力向量控制的主要方案,着重介绍摆动喷管、流体二次喷射方案的计算思路和结果.摆动喷管中的流场计算要考虑导弹偏摆对所产生的惯性力的影响;所得壁面压力畸变图说明,它是一个三维流场.在摆动喷管设计中要将铰链力减至最小,流体二次喷射的侧向力通过“等效实体模型”,用爆炸波的解来计算.     

综合环境试验中所遇到的一些具体问题的探讨

指出电子产品的可靠性增长、验证试验应采用与实际使用现场相仿的综合环境条件下进行,并结合工程实际介绍了综合环境试验的应用情况、经验和典型结果,并提出了存在的问题。     

Modeling novel methodologies for unmanned aerial systems–Applications to the UAS-S4 Ehecatl and the UAS-S45 Bálaam

The rising demand for Unmanned Aerial Systems(UASs) to perform tasks in hostile environments has emphasized the need for their simulation models for the preliminary evaluations of their missions. The efficiency of the UAS model is directly related to its capacity to estimate its flight dynamics with minimum computational resources. The literature describes several techniques to estimate accurate aircraft flight dynamics. Most of them are based on system identification. This paper presents an alternative methodology to obtain complete model of the S4 and S45 unmanned aerial systems. The UAS-S4 and the UAS-S45 models were divided into four sub-models, each corresponding to a specific discipline: aerodynamics, propulsion, mass and inertia, and actuator. The‘‘aerodynamic" sub-model was built using the Fderivatives in-house code, which is an improvement of the classical DATCOM procedure. The ‘‘propulsion" sub-model was obtained by coupling a two-stroke engine model based on the ideal Otto cycle and a Blade Element Theory(BET) analysis of the propeller. The ‘‘mass and the inertia" sub-model was designed utilizing the Raymer and DATCOM methodologies. A sub-model of an actuator using servomotor characteristics was employed to complete the model. The total model was then checked by validation of each submodel with numerical and experimental data. The results indicate that the obtained model was accurate and could be used to design a flight simulator.     

Multi-level virtual prototyping of electromechanical actuation system for more electric aircraft

Electromechanical actuators (EMAs) are becoming increasingly attractive in the field of more electric aircraft because of their outstanding benefits, which include reduced fuel burn and maintenance cost, enhanced system flexibility, and improved management of fault detection and isolation. However, electromechanical actuation raises specific issues when being used for safety-critical aerospace applications like flight controls: huge reflected inertia to load, jamming-type failure, and increase of backlash with service due to wear and local dissipation of heat losses for thermal balance. This study proposes an incremental approach for virtual prototyping of EMAs. It is driven by a model-based system engineering process in order to enable simulation-aided design. Best practices supported by Bond graph formalism are suggested to develop a model’s structure efficiently and to make the model ready for use (or extension) by addressing the above mentioned issues. Physical effects are progressively introduced, and the realism of lumped-parameter models is increased step-by-step. In particular, multi-level component models are architected to ensure continuity between engineering activities. The models are implemented in the AMESim simulation environment, and simulation responses are given to illustrate how they can be used for preliminary sizing, control design, thermal balance verification, and faults to failure analysis. The proposed best practices intend to provide engineers with fast, reusable, and efficient means to assess performance virtually and enhance maturity, performance, and robustness.     

Flight safety measurements of UAVs in congested airspace

Describing spatial safety status is crucial for high-density air traffic involving multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in a complex environment. A probabilistic approach is proposed to measure safety situation in congested airspace. The occupancy distribution of the airspace is represented with conflict probability between spatial positions and UAV. The concept of a safety envelope related to flight performance and response time is presented first instead of the conventional fixed-size protected zones around aircraft. Consequently, the conflict probability is performance-dependent, and effects of various UAVs on safety can be distinguished. The uncer-tainty of a UAV future position is explicitly accounted for as Brownian motion. An analytic approximate algorithm for the conflict probability is developed to decrease the computational consumption. The relationship between safety and flight performance are discussed for different response times and prediction intervals. To illustrate the applications of the approach, an experi-ment of three UAVs in formation flight is performed. In addition, an example of trajectory planning is simulated for one UAV flying over airspace where five UAVs exist. The validation of the approach shows its potential in guaranteeing flight safety in highly dynamic environment.     

基于飞行签派员的航空公司运行效率提升研究

航空公司运行控制中心是航空公司的核心,而飞行签派员又是运行控制中心的核心,运行控制中心的 效率直接影响到航空公司的运行安全与效益。根据航空公司飞行签派员的特点和管理现状,对效率量化和效 率评估进行分析研究,采用改进层次分析法(AHP)和物元可拓模型相结合的方法,建立适合我国航空公司飞 行签派员运行效率评估模型;针对评价指标在实际情况下更具有针对性和可操作性,提出4项准则和16项指 标组成的基于签派员航空公司运行效率评价指标体系,并进行算例分析。结果表明:所构建的评价指标体系合 理有效,能够真实反映出航空公司的运行效率与飞行签派员、运控设备、AOC组织结构与工作环境和航空公司 管理规定有着密切联系,为公司运行效率的提升提出理论依据。     

配对进近模式分析及研究进展

配对进近模式是在近距平行跑道上运行的,旨在提高仪表气象条件下的进场效率的一种高效进近模 式,该模式的完整流程在国内鲜有阐述。本文重点分析配对进近程序在近距平行跑道上运行时各阶段的流程, 以及配对进近程序的实施对机型、设备以及人员的具体要求;结合目前国内近距平行跑道的运行情况,国际上 对配对进近模式的研究和应用现状,指出我国引进配对进近模式的迫切性以及该模式今后的研究和发展趋势。     

测定平尾铰链力矩系数的试飞方法

在试飞中的了解决平尾下洗有无法测定的困难，提出了一种测定基本铰链力矩系数的方法－外推截矩法，并概述了铰链力矩系数及其导数的测量方法，简单介绍了下洗角，基本铰链力矩系数和最大铰链力矩的理论估算方法及几个有关参数的修正问题，还讨论了所测数据的精度以及由于最大铰链力矩数值可能引起的飞行限制。     

利用节流网扩大飞行台试验包线

本文提出了在被试发动机前安装节流网扩大发动机飞行台试验范围的一种方案,给出了相应的节流网设计、计算方法,得到了扩大的飞行试验包线。利用气流流过某型飞机进气道防尘网的总压损失数据,对节流网计算方法的准确性进行了论证。