高温空气电子浓度的实验测定及对理论图表的检验

本文总结了近几年来在φ800mm激波管上对高温空气电子密度所做的大量测量工作。在ρ_1=1.3—133帕斯卡,M_s=9—22.5的范围内,使用了近自由分子流Langmuir探针、普通微波透射仪、高灵敏度微波透射仪和反射仪、微波干涉仪等对正激波后的电子密度进行了系统地测量。在各种参数状态下,全部实验数据均符合在同一激波马赫数下n_g正比于ρ_1的经验规律。实验测量结果与目前工程上常用的各种理论计算图表进行了对比,验证了这些图表的可用性。     

一种应用于低频电磁波通信的快响应原子磁强计

相较于传统线圈,原子磁强计作为低频电磁波通信信号磁传感接收器具有体积小、灵敏度高的优势。基于射频-光双共振原理实现原子的宏观极化和相干进动,并通过探测磁矩横向分量来获得待测磁场信息,最终实现一台灵敏度500 fT/Hz^1/2@1～5 Hz,响应带宽3.5 kHz的原子磁强计。并利用该原子磁强计作为磁传感器对频率200 Hz、磁场分量幅度10 nT的电磁波开展了通过探测磁场分量接收通信信号的实验,实现码率200/s的电磁波通信信号的接收,验证了该磁强计作为接收机接收低频电磁波通信信号的能力。     

异性材料对接和搭接焊的高温性能对比试验研究

通过对K163-GH3030材料对接和搭接焊进行高温瞬时拉伸、高温疲劳寿命试验，得出该对接和搭接焊接头的S—N曲线，举例评定了构件的疲劳寿命，比较分析了对接焊与搭接焊疲劳寿命的差异。指出了在承力结构中应该尽量避免搭接焊。     

电子束物理气相沉积热障涂层寿命预测模型

为了准确预测热障涂层（TBCs）的剥落寿命，把涂层使用过程中所存在的潜在危险减到最低，建立精确的热障涂层寿命预测模型具有十分重要意义。本文介绍了一种电子束物理气相沉积（EB-PVD）技术制备的热障涂层的寿命预测模型。该模型是通过对EB-PVD热障涂层陶瓷的物理和力学性能、结合强度的测定，热生长氧化层（TGO）生长动力学的研究以及热循环剥落寿命数据的定量研究而建立的一个TBCs系统的非线性寿命预测模型。从涂层实际寿命与模型预测寿命对比发现，该模型预测的涂层寿命与涂层的实际寿命相吻合。     

陶瓷热障涂层的研究进展

综述了陶瓷热障涂层的材料体系研究进展，分析了陶瓷热障涂层的制备工艺、组织特点及其对涂层性能的影响，并指出了热障涂层今后的发展方向。     

Microstructures and fatigue properties of electron beam welds with beam oscillation for heavy section TC4-DT alloy

With the development of the manufacturing technology, electron beam welding（EBW） is capable of producing titanium alloy large parts in aero fields. To increase the applications and improve the properties, EBW with beam oscillation was investigated on TC4-DT alloy with50 mm thickness. We detected the welding samples by X-ray NDT, observed the microstructures of the welds, and tested the fatigue properties of the joints. The results showed that EBW with beam oscillation improved the weld morphology as well as welding quality, and the microstructure homogeneity of the welds and HAZ along the weld penetration were also improved. The fatigue properties of the joints with beam oscillation were more excellent than those of conventional EBW, even equal to those of the base metal under high stresses. The influences of the processing and the microstructure on the properties with beam oscillation were discussed.     

热处理工艺对TA15线性摩擦焊接头组织和力学性能的影响

针对TA15钛合金线性摩擦焊接头,研究了不同热处理工艺对接头组织和力学性能的影响。研究结果表明：热处理过程中,针状亚稳态组织转变为片层α相+保留β相,并且随着热处理温度升高,片层结构逐渐增大。力学性能试验表明,接头拉伸断裂位置均在母材处,热处理后的焊接接头抗拉强度和屈服强度均高于焊态,且疲劳性能和冲击性能得到改善。为保证TA15钛合金线性摩擦焊接头获得较高的综合性能,热处理温度不应高于750℃。     

四柱式焊缝跟踪涡流传感器及其应用

研制了一种新型的四柱式焊缝自动跟踪用涡流传感器.传感器激励线圈在工件中感应出涡电流,利用测量线圈检测涡流的大小以获得焊缝位置信息,可以检测出薄板对接焊缝横向和纵向位置信息.它具有非接触、尺寸小、灵敏度高、响应速度快、并可以用于非铁磁性材料的特点,已成功地应用于焊接自动跟踪系统.对其原理、传感器探头、信号处理方法、传感器特性等进行了详细的介绍.      

Effects of different aging treatments on microstructures and mechanical properties of Al-Cu-Li alloy joints welded by electron beam welding

Post-weld single aging treatment(solution treatment at 510 ℃ for 1 h, water quenching,and aging at 155 ℃ for 16 h) and post-weld double aging treatment(solution treatment at 510 ℃ for 1 h, water quenching, aging at 155 ℃ for 16 h, and aging at 130 ℃ for 12 h) are carried out on Al-Cu-Li alloy joints by electron beam welding(EBW) respectively. The effects of aging treatments on microstructures and mechanical properties of welded joints are investigated. Results show that the mechanical properties of welded joints are obviously improved after both aging treatments. The strength coefficient of joints is increased from 0.64 in an as-welded condition(AW) to 0.90 after post-weld double aging treatment. Microstructure analysis shows that the precipitates of the fusion zone within grains and grain boundaries are less in the AW condition. After post-weld heat treatment(PWHT), a lot of fine needle-like phases T_1(Al_2 Cu Li) precipitate in grain boundaries of the fusion zone, and more horseshoe-shaped β' (Al_3 Zr) particles precipitate within grains. In addition,grains of the fusion zone are refined after post-weld double aging treatment, which leads to an effect of grain refinement strengthening. Consequently, the mechanical properties of welded joints are greatly improved.     

Resolving electrons from protons in ATIC

The Advanced Thin Ionization Calorimeter (ATIC) experiment is designed for high energy cosmic ray ion detection. The possibility to identify high energy primary cosmic ray electrons in the presence of the ‘background’ of cosmic ray protons has been studied by simulating nuclear-electromagnetic cascade showers using the FLUKA Monte Carlo simulation code. The ATIC design, consisting of a graphite target and an energy detection device, a totally active calorimeter built up of 2.5 cm × 2.5 cm × 25.0 cm BGO scintillator bars, gives sufficient information to distinguish electrons from protons. While identifying about 80% of electrons as such, only about 2 in 10,000 protons (@ 150 GeV) will mimic electrons. In September of 1999 ATIC was exposed to high-energy electron and proton beams at the CERN H2 beam line, and this data confirmed the electron detection capabilities of ATIC. From 2000-12-28 to 2001-01-13 ATIC was flown as a long duration balloon test flight from McMurdo, Antarctica, recording over 360 h of data and allowing electron separation to be confirmed in the flight data. In addition, ATIC electron detection capabilities can be checked by atmospheric gamma-ray observations.