黄麻纤维表面原位沉积纳米SiO2工艺以及机理探究

采用超声-溶胶凝胶法在黄麻纤维表面原位沉积纳米SiO_2,通过红外光谱分析,微观形貌分析以及沉积量测试,讨论了不同工艺参数对纳米SiO_2沉积效果的影响。结果表明:随着正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)浓度或氨水浓度的增加,纳米SiO_2的沉积量逐渐增多,粒径逐渐增大;随着沉积温度的升高,纳米SiO_2的沉积量逐渐减少,粒径逐渐减小;与沉积温度为20℃相比,当沉积温度为60℃时,纳米SiO_2的沉积量减少了36.4%、粒径减小了37.8%;沉积时间主要影响纳米SiO_2的沉积量,对其粒径的影响不明显。通过实验探究了纳米SiO_2成核与生长的机理:黄麻纤维表面的孔隙结构为纳米SiO_2提供了成核位点;TEOS经过水解缩合反应形成短链交联结构,通过氢键或化学键沉积于黄麻纤维表面的孔隙中;短链交联结构经过成核与生长过程,逐渐形成纳米SiO_2颗粒。因此,通过对工艺参数合理地选择,可以调控纳米SiO_2在黄麻纤维表面成核与生长阶段的形貌与沉积量。     

带冲击的两相气膜冷却特性数值模拟

用数值模拟方法研究了带冲击的气膜冷却系统的流场结构，示出了气流和冲击腔内的螺旋流动、气膜孔下游的肺状低压区、横截而对称双漩涡以及由双漩涡形成的交叉双锥形水蒸气体积分数等值面。比较了体积分数为0．5的水蒸气膜与纯空气膜的冷却效率，得到水蒸气膜平均冷却效率高于空气膜。在x=3d处高出31．6％。在x=26d处高山19％。水蒸气膜与空气膜相比换热系数变化不大。     

热处理对NiCrAkl／Ni3Al微叠层材料力学性能影响

利用电子束物理气相沉积技术(EB-PVD)制备NiCrAl/Ni3Al微叠层复合材料,对其在制备态和时效态不同温度下的力学性能进行试验,考察不同时效温度对材料拉伸性能的影响.结果表明,制备态样品沿柱状晶晶界发生脆性断裂,而热处理态样品的断口具有典型的韧性断裂特征.力学性能测试结果表明,经过适当的热处理后,微层材料室温和高温力学性能与制备态时相比,有明显的改善.经740℃/32h热处理后,材料性能明显提高.     

激光沉积制备Nb3Al基难熔金属间化合物研究

通过控制激光功率使Nb-12Ti-22Al(at%)和Nb-22Al(at%)两种成分配比的混合元素粉末在Ti-6Al-4V基体上激光沉积合成了Nb3Al基难熔金属间化合物,并达到了预期设定的成分配比,其显微组织均匀细小,在δ-Nb3Al基体上分布着不同形态的β-Nbss.在合适的激光功率下,无裂纹的沉积层厚度有一定的限制,随着沉积厚度的增加,沉积层中残余拉应力增大,沉积薄壁件容易在底部发生断裂.由于Ti的添加使Nb-12Ti-22Al的的裂纹倾向性小于Nb-22Al.     

HFCVD系统热丝参数遗传优化

在热丝化学气相沉积金刚石系统中，衬底温度是影响金刚石成膜质量的关键因素之一。为了沉积大面积优质金刚石膜，必须对衬底表面温度的大小及均匀性实施有效控制。中通过应用遗传算法对热丝参数进行优化设计，保证了衬底在半径为Rs＝10cm的范围内具有较均匀的温度场，从而为大面积生长优质金刚石膜提供了可能。     

Potentials of manufacture and repair of nickel base turbine components used in aero engines and power plants by laser metal deposition and laser drilling

IntroductionExpensive turbine parts like HPT(HighPressure Turine)blades or vanes are replaced bynew parts in case of damage.For example theburn through of the inner side of a blade or vane(Figure 1)is a frequently appearing damage,which cannot be repaired…     

Variation of ionospheric electron and ion temperatures during periods of minimum to maximum solar activity by the SROSS-C2 satellite over Indian low and equatorial latitudes

To study the variation of ionospheric electron and ion temperatures with solar activity the data of electron and ion temperatures were recorded with the help of Retarding Potential Analyzer payload aboard Indian SROSS-C2 satellite at an average altitude of ∼500 km. The main focuses of the paper is to see the diurnal, seasonal and latitudinal variations of electron and ion temperatures during periods of minimum to maximum solar activity. The ionospheric temperatures in the topside show strong variations with altitude, latitude, season and solar activity. In present study, the temperature variations with latitude, season and solar activity have been studied at an average altitude ∼500 km. The peak at sunrise has been observed during all seasons, in both electron and ion temperatures. Further, the ionospheric temperatures vary with latitude in day time. The latitudinal variation is more pronounced for low solar activity than for high solar activity.     

Retrieval of the change of precipitable water vapor with zenith tropospheric delay in the Chinese mainland

As a preliminary step for assessing the impact of global positioning system (GPS) refractive delay data in numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, the GPS zenith tropospheric delays (ZTD) are analyzed from 28 permanent GPS sites in the Chinese mainland. The objectives are to estimate the GPS ZTD and their variability in this area. The differences between radiosonde precipitable water vapor (PWV) and GPS PWV have a standard deviation of 4 mm in delay, a bias of 0.24 mm in delay, and a correlation coefficient of 0.94. The correlation between GPS ZTD and radiosonde PWV amounts to 0.89, indicating that the variety of tropospheric zenith delay can reflect the change of precipitable water vapor. The good agreement also guarantees that the information provided by GPS will benefit the NWP models. The time series of GPS ZTD, which were derived continuously from 2002 to 2004, are used to analyze the change of precipitable water vapor in Chinese mainland. It shows that the general trend of GPS ZTD is diminishing from the south-east coastland to the north-west inland, which is in accordance with the distribution of Chinese annual amount of rainfall. The temporal distribution of GPS ZTD in the Chinese mainland is that the GPS ZTD reaches maximum in summer, and it reaches minimum in winter. The long term differences between the observational data sources require further study before GPS derived data become useful for climate studies.     

Simultaneous observations of the plasma density on the same field line by the CPMN ground magnetometers and the Cluster satellites

By applying the cross-phase method and the amplitude-ratio method to magnetic field data obtained from two ground stations located close to each other, we can determine the frequency of the field line resonance (FLR), or the field line eigenfrequency, for the field line running through the midpoint of the two stations. From thus identified FLR frequency we can estimate the equatorial plasma mass density (ρ)$(\rho )$ by using the T05s magnetospheric field model [Tsyganenko, N.A., Sitnov, M.I. Modeling the dynamics of the inner magnetosphere during strong geomagnetic storms, J. Geophys. Res. 110, A03208, 2005] and the equation of Singer et al. [Singer, H.J., Southwood, D.J., Walker, R.J., Kivelson, M.G. Alfven wave resonances in a realistic magnetospheric magnetic field geometry, J. Geophys. Res. 86 (A6) 4589–4596, 1981].     

GEO卫星整星分子污染初步预估

污染的长期累积效应是影响GEO卫星长寿命的重要因素。文章对GEO卫星整星非金属材料出气造成的分子污染进行了预估。根据扩散理论建立保守出气速率模型,基于自由分子流理论采用角系数方法计算污染分子视线传输,考虑了光化学沉积效应,对RTV胶、白漆出气造成的OSR片、太阳电池板、天线性能退化进行了估计,发现RTV胶的污染效应较为严重,白漆的污染影响可忽略不计。该结果可作为制定污染控制要求时的参考上限值。