Ni-Fe-P 合金催化制备螺旋碳纤维

采用化学镀法在石墨基体表面沉积出Ni-Fe-P合金催化剂,通过SEM、XRD、EDX对合金催化剂进行分析表征.通过CVD法,以热处理后的Ni-Fe-P合金作为催化剂,噻吩为助催化剂,乙炔为碳源,反应温度为650℃条件下成功制备出螺旋碳纤维.研究发现所得产物全部为尺寸、形貌规整的双螺旋碳纤维,纤维长度达到毫米级,螺旋直径及单根纤维直径分别为2～3 μm、0.5～0.8μm.     

Generation mechanism of the whistler-mode waves in the plasma sheet prior to magnetic reconnection

The whistler-mode waves and electron temperature anisotropy play a key role prior to and during magnetic reconnection. On August 21, 2002, the Cluster spacecrafts encountered a quasi-collisionless magnetic reconnection event when they crossed the plasma sheet. Prior to the southward turning of magnetospheric magnetic field and high speed ion flow, the whistler-mode waves and positive electron temperature anisotropy are simultaneously observed. Theoretic analysis shows that the electrons with positive temperature anisotropy can excite the whistler-mode waves via cyclotron resonances. Using the data of particles and magnetic field, we estimated the whistler-mode wave growth rate and the ratio of whistler-mode growth rate to wave frequency. They are 0.0016f_ce (Electron cyclotron frequency) and 0.0086f_ce, respectively. Therefore the whistler-mode waves can grow quickly in the current sheet. The combined observations of energetic electron beams and waves show that after the southward turning of magnetic field, energetic electrons in the reconnection process are accelerated by the whistler-mode waves.     

释放不同化学物质对电离层扰动的比较

在电离层F区释放氢（H₂）、水（H₂O）、二氧化碳（CO₂）、六氟化硫（SF₆）、三氟溴甲烷（CF₃Br）、羰基镍（Ni（CO）₄）可以损耗局域等离子体电子密度,形成电子空洞,电离层电子密度的改变主要取决于释放物质的气态分子与电离层之间的离子化学反应.在电离层人工主动扰动实验中,应根据发射成本和扰动效果对释放物质进行选择.通过热力学原理和有限元模拟方法计算比较了上述6种物质对电离层的扰动影响.计算结果表明,6种物质中水的气化率最低,约为19%,其余5种物质都在60%以上,选择密度小的物质,例如H₂和CO₂,可以有效降低发射成本.另外,扩散较慢且化学反应较快的物质,例如SF₆和Ni（CO）₄,能够使得电离层电子密度减少得更多,并且受扰动区域更广、持续时间更长.     

机载离心式制冷压缩机设计及特性分析

开发制冷量等级为50 kW的超级小型化离心式制冷压缩机是发展新一代战斗机蒸发循环系统的关键技术.由于小流量特点,工业中使用的大型离心式制冷压缩机设计经验不能完全适用于小型离心式制冷压缩机设计及工作特性的预测.基于试验,提出相关设计方案,通过建立小流量离心式压缩机效率、压比等的特性计算方程,对所设计的压缩机进行性能预测,经试验数据验证,计算结果与试验数据较为接近.该研究结果可为国内发展机载蒸发循环用离心式制冷压缩机提供技术支持.     

GEM-TEPC调研分析及原理研究

为对现有组织等效正比计数器进行改进,使其满足高注量率辐射场测量要求,本实验室拟研制一套基于气体电子倍增技术的宽量程TEPC。对GEM-TEPC工作原理进行研究,并对其国际发展现状进行调研,在传统的TEPC灵敏体积内引入GEM膜取代阳极丝是切实可行的,可降低微型TEPC探测器的加工难度,提高其性能。通过调研总结GEM-TEPC设计关键技术,为本实验室GEM-TEPC的研制奠定了一定基础。     

铜网阴极法处理镀铬废水的研究

本文介绍了用铜网为阴极电解处理镀铬废水的技术。介绍了电解槽的结构,探索电解时六价铬的还原机理,研究PH值及阴极铜网表面状态对除铬的影响,指出铜电解沉积的规律,评估了处理的能耗。研究表明,处理后的废水Cr~(6+)可达到排放标准。本法整个处理过程不需另外加入还原剂,因而不产生非铬化合物的废渣,废水中的Cr~(6+)以较高纯度的Cr_2O_3形式回收。     

F2 layer response to geomagnetic disturbances in Eastern Asia under the low solar activity

In this paper, the peculiarities of ionospheric response to geomagnetic disturbances observed at the decay and minimum of solar activity (SA) in the period 2004–2007 are investigated with respect to different geomagnetic conditions. Data from ionospheric stations and results of total electron content (TEC) measurements made at the network of GPS ground-based receivers located within the latitude–longitude sector (20–70°N, 90–160°Е) are used in this study. Three groups of anomalous ionospheric response to geomagnetic disturbances have been observed during low solar activity. At daytime, the large-scale traveling ionospheric disturbances (LSTIDs) could generally be related to the main phase of magnetic storm. Quasi-two-days wavelike disturbances (WLDs) have been also observed in the main phase independent of the geomagnetic storm intensity. Sharp electron density oscillations of short duration (OSD) occurred in the response to the onset of both main and recovery phases of the magnetic storm in the daytime at middle latitudes. A numerical model for ionosphere–plasmasphere coupling was used to interpret the occurrence of LS TIDs. Results showed that the LSTIDs might be associated with the unexpected lifting of F2 layer to the region with the lower recombination rate by reinforced meridional winds that produces the increase of the electron density in the F2 layer maximum.     

Studies of electron and ion temperatures at 500 km altitude during sunrise using Indian SROSS C2 satellite

Solar dependence of electron and ion temperatures (T_e and T_i) in the ionosphere is studied using RPA data onboard SROSS C2 at an altitude of ∼500 km and 77°E longitude during early morning hours (04:00–07:00 LT) for three solar activities: solar minimum, moderate and maximum during winter, summer and equinox months in 10°S–20°N geomagnetic latitude. In winter the morning overshoot phenomenon is observed around 06:00 LT (T_e enhances to ∼4000 K) during low-solar activity and to T_e ∼ 3800 K, during higher solar activity. In summer, it is observed around 05:30 LT, but the rate of T_e enhancement is higher during moderate solar activity (∼2700 K/hr) than the low-solar activity (∼1700 K/hr). During equinox, this phenomenon is delayed and is observed around 06:00 LT (∼4200 K) during all three activities.     

The subauroral electron density trough: Comparison between satellite observations and IRI-2007 model estimates

We compare electron density predictions of the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI-2007) model with in situ measurements of the satellites CHAMP and GRACE for the years from 2005 to 2010 over the subauroral regions. The electron density between 58° and 68° Mlat are considered. The trough region Ne peaks during local summers and attain the valley during local winter. Around −100°E and 60°E, two larger electron density sectors features can be seen in both hemispheres during all three seasons, which attributed to the electron extending from middle latitude to trough region. From 2005 to the beginning of 2010, the model overestimates the trough region Ne by 20% on average and the decrease of Ne in this region can also be seen during the last solar minimum. In the southern hemisphere, the model prediction shows quite well consistence with the observation during all three seasons while the huge difference between observations and model estimation implies that the IRI-2007 model needs significant improvement to predict better the trough region in northern hemisphere.     

GEM-TEPC调研分析及原理研究

为对现有组织等效正比计数器进行改进,使其满足高注量率辐射场测量要求,本实验室拟研制一套基于气体电子倍增技术的宽量程TEPC。对GEM-TEPC工作原理进行研究,并对其国际发展现状进行调研,在传统的TEPC灵敏体积内引入GEM膜取代阳极丝是切实可行的,可降低微型TEPC探测器的加工难度,提高其性能。通过调研总结GEM-TEPC设计关键技术,为本实验室GEM-TEPC的研制奠定了一定基础。