一万氧压机轴振动控制分析与实践

本文介绍了一种非常规的高速轴振动抑制方法，主要是用振源分析技术，通过确诊设备故障原因来分析影响轴振动的主要因素，调节机器的系统刚度，再通过理论计算修订安装参数，制定设备故障处理对策，在涟源钢铁集团有限公司一万氧压机组上的实践取得了相当满意的效果，很有推广价值。     

双功能陶瓷膜生物反应器处理污水的实验研究

针对目前膜生物反应器运行过程中膜易污染的问题，研制了一种新型的双功能陶瓷膜生物反应器．该生物反应器的主要特点是采用一种具有双重功能的陶瓷膜作为生物反应器的主要元件，陶瓷膜可以交替地进行曝气和过滤，将膜的在线反冲清洗和生物反应器的供氧曝气结合在一起．考察了不同运行条件下该反应器对COD、氨氮的去除效果．对陶瓷膜的充氧能力进行了实验，测得小孔陶瓷膜、大孔陶瓷膜、砂型曝气头的氧传递系数分别为：0．2315min-1，0．1587min-1，0．0991min-1．     

气相色谱法定量分析氧气中气体杂质方法研究

为寻找一种能够有效检测氧气中微量气体杂质的方法,采用配有氢火焰离子化检测器的气相色谱仪分析氧气中的微量气体杂质,研究了分析氧气中CO、CO₂及C₂H₂等气体杂质的操作参数,确定了氧气中微量气体杂质的分析方法,验证了该方法的可行性,该分析方法各组份分离效果良好,各种杂质组份定量精确度较高。     

提高WP－11发动机起动高度的研究与实施

研究了ＷＰ－１１发动机点火高度从４０００ｍ提高到８０００ｍ的某些问题。详细讨论了点火高度的理论基础，并为ＷＰ－１１研制了一种可用的空中补氧点火装置，扩大了ＷＰ－１１发动机的使用范围。带着空中补氧点火装置的ＷＰ－１１发动机成功完成了高空舱试验和Ｙ－８飞机带飞实验。     

Experimental study of a flush wall scramjet combustor equipped with strut/wall fuel injection

In this study a flush wall scramjet combustor is tested in a supersonic incoming air flow with the Mach number of 3 which is generated by an air vitiation heater producing the stagnation temperature of 1505 K. Using liquid kerosene as the fuel, the flame is stabilized by means of a centrally mounted O₂ pilot strut after being ignited by a plasma torch. During experimental measurements, the fuel is injected with a constant equivalence ratio of 0.8 according to specified strut/wall injection ratios, i.e., a portion of the fuel amount is injected from the strut while the rest is injected from the wall. The strut and wall injectors are arranged at the same axial position. The combustion performance and wall temperature gradients are evaluated with various fuel feeding ratios between the wall and the strut. Experimental results show, when the equivalence ratio is constant and the axial injection position is fixed, the combustion characteristics vary significantly with the strut/wall fuel feeding ratio, especially when this ratio is close to its lowest and highest limits. Among the four fuel feeding ratios examined, the strut only injection mode and the average distributed strut/wall injection mode show the best combustion performance. However, the strut/wall injection mode produces a smaller wall temperature gradient compared to the strut only injection mode, which is due to the significant film cooling effect caused by the wall injected liquid kerosene.     

Review on signal-by-wire and power-by-wire actuation for more electric aircraft

The huge and rapid progress in electric drives offers new opportunities to improve the performances of aircraft at all levels:fuel burn,environmental footprint,safety,integration and production,serviceability,and maintainability.Actuation for safety-critical applications like flight-controls,landing gears,and even engines is one of the major consumers of non-propulsive power.Conventional actuation with centralized hydraulic power generation and distribution and control of power by throttling has been well established for decades,but offers a limited potential of evolution.In this context,electric drives become more and more attractive to remove the natural drawbacks of conventional actuation and to offer new opportunities for improving performance.This paper takes the stock,at both the signal and power levels,of the evolution of actuation for safety-critical applications in aerospace.It focuses on the recent advances and the remaining chal lenges to be taken toward full electrical actuation for commercial and military aircraft,helicopters,and launchers.It logically starts by emphasizing the specificity of safety-critical actuation for aero space.The following section addresses in details the evolution of aerospace actuation from mechanically-signaled and hydraulically-supplied to all electric,with special emphasis on research and development programs and on solutions entered into service.Finally,the last section reviews the challenges to be taken to generalize the use of all-electric actuators for future aircraft programs.     

Multi-level virtual prototyping of electromechanical actuation system for more electric aircraft

Electromechanical actuators (EMAs) are becoming increasingly attractive in the field of more electric aircraft because of their outstanding benefits, which include reduced fuel burn and maintenance cost, enhanced system flexibility, and improved management of fault detection and isolation. However, electromechanical actuation raises specific issues when being used for safety-critical aerospace applications like flight controls: huge reflected inertia to load, jamming-type failure, and increase of backlash with service due to wear and local dissipation of heat losses for thermal balance. This study proposes an incremental approach for virtual prototyping of EMAs. It is driven by a model-based system engineering process in order to enable simulation-aided design. Best practices supported by Bond graph formalism are suggested to develop a model’s structure efficiently and to make the model ready for use (or extension) by addressing the above mentioned issues. Physical effects are progressively introduced, and the realism of lumped-parameter models is increased step-by-step. In particular, multi-level component models are architected to ensure continuity between engineering activities. The models are implemented in the AMESim simulation environment, and simulation responses are given to illustrate how they can be used for preliminary sizing, control design, thermal balance verification, and faults to failure analysis. The proposed best practices intend to provide engineers with fast, reusable, and efficient means to assess performance virtually and enhance maturity, performance, and robustness.     

弯扭复合大负载下电动舵机设计及性能试验研究

针对弯扭复合大负载工况下电动舵机快速性与稳定性匹配的问题,在分析有限空间质量约束下舵机设计要求的基础上,采用基于核心部件与系统仿真及试验验证相结合的手段,提出了一种高刚度高功率密度的抗弯扭复合大负载电动舵机设计方法。详细阐述了高功率密度伺服电机和高刚度传动机构的设计过程,并研制了工程样机。试验结果表明:该电动舵机伺服刚度与功率密度得到显著提升,在复合大负载工况下能够实现高动态高可靠稳定运行。     

Oxygen Isotopes in the Solar System

The oxygen three-isotope system has major advantages over the two-isotope systems of hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen because different fractionation laws govern intraplanetary and interplanetary processes. This permits discriminating between solar nebular processes and parent-body processes. Oxygen isotopes also serve as a sensitive natural tracer for meteorite classification. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

空间在轨氢氧内燃机技术研究

用于空间在轨运行的氢氧内燃机是低温末级火箭流体集成系统（IVF）中的关键组件。分析了国内外空间在轨氢氧内燃机的发展现状,通过Chemkin燃烧软件仿真分析获得了氢氧内燃机设计关键参数。开展了氢氧内燃机地面点火验证试验。结果表明：氢氧内燃机具有较好的点火启动性能,通过降低混合比和压缩比能够将氢氧内燃机缸内的温度和压力控制在合理范围内。氢氧内燃机在稳定的转速下工作,所消耗的氢气、氧气质量流量小于低温贮箱的平均蒸发量。