Robust H∞ controller design for attitude stabilization of flexible spacecraft with input constraints

This paper addresses the attitude stabilization and vibration suppression problem for flexible spacecraft subject to model parameter uncertainty, controller perturbations, external disturbances and input constraints. The attitude model of flexible spacecraft is described and converted into a state space form in terms of passive and active vibration suppression schemes. A novel state feedback controller is proposed based on the exactly available expectation of a new variable, which is introduced to model a randomly occurring controller gain perturbation. Based on Lyapunov stability theory, sufficient conditions for the existence of the nonfragile H_∞ controller considering input constraints are given based on linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) in terms of additive perturbation and multiplicative perturbation. Then, the developed controller subject to required constraints can be obtained, where the nonfragile property is fully considered to improve the tolerance to uncertainties in the controller. Numerical simulations are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed control strategy in attitude stabilization and vibration suppression, where it should be noted that the passive vibration suppression scheme is superior for high natural frequencies while the active vibration suppression scheme is superior for low natural frequencies. Moreover, the low natural frequencies have more influence on the performance of attitude stabilization and vibration suppression.     

A torus-shaped solar sail accelerated via thermal desorption of coating

A torus-shaped sail consists of a reflective membrane attached to an inflatable torus-shaped rim. The sail’s deployment from its stowed configuration is initiated by introducing inflation pressure into the toroidal rim with an attached circular flat membrane coated by heat-sensitive materials that undergo thermal desorption (TD) from a solid to a gas phase. Our study of the deployment and acceleration of the sail is split into three steps: at a particular heliocentric distance a torus-shaped sail is deployed by a gas inflated into the toroidal rim and the membrane is kept flat by the pressure of the gas; under heating by solar radiation, the membrane coat undergoes TD and the sail is accelerated via TD of coating and solar radiation pressure (SRP); when TD ends, the sail utilizes thrust only from SRP. We study the stability of the torus-shaped sail and deflection and vibration of the flat membrane due to the acceleration by TD and SRP.     

High precision dynamic model and control considering J2 perturbation for spacecraft hovering in low orbit

For spacecraft hovering in low orbit, a high precision spacecraft relative dynamics model without any simplification and considering J₂ perturbation is established in this paper. Using the derived model, open-loop control and closed-loop control are proposed respectively. Gauss's variation equations and the coordinate transformation method are combined to deal with the relative J₂ perturbation between the two spacecraft. The sliding mode controller is adopted as the closed-loop controller for spacecraft hovering. To improve the control accuracy, the relative J₂ perturbation is regarded as a known parameter term in the closed-loop controller. The external uncertainty perturbations except J₂ perturbation are estimated by numerical difference method, and the boundary layer method is used to weaken the impact of chattering on the sliding mode controller. The open-loop control of spacecraft hovering with the relative J₂ perturbation and without the relative J₂ perturbation are simulated and compared, and the results prove that the accuracy of open-loop control with relative J₂ perturbation has been significantly improved. Similarly, the simulation of the closed-loop control are presented to validate the effectiveness of the designed sliding mode controller, and the results demonstrate that the designed sliding mode controller including the derived relative J₂ perturbation can guarantee the high accuracy and robustness of spacecraft hovering in long-term mission.     

嫦娥五号探测器多舱段间接力式校时及误差控制方法

为优化嫦娥五号探测器操控,达到通过给任意具备测控链路的舱段校时即可实现多舱段组合体时间同步的目标,提出了一种接力式校时及误差控制方法。该方法通过相邻舱段间接力式时间传递实现舱段间时间自流动。设计了基于飞行模式的时间基准设备检索方法,通过统一的检索配置表使各设备能够根据飞行模式识别上级时间基准设备,实现了各舱段的自主校时。设计了总线控制器(Bus controller,BC)与远置单元(Remote terminal,RT)间的分布式时间传递误差控制方法,BC端修正时间信息发送时产生的误差,RT端控制时间信息接收时引入的误差,保证了整器时统精度。研究方法实现了多舱段复杂航天器的器内自组织时统,已在嫦娥五号探测器上得到应用并取得预期效果,可为后续航天器软件设计提供参考。     

极低频超大型航天器姿态机动与物理试验验证

针对具有0.01 Hz极低频主模态的超大型航天器的姿态机动问题,给出利用经典的Bang-Bang轨迹规划方法、滤波轨迹规划方法和传统的相平面控制方法进行姿态机动的方案,构建了极低频超大型航天器姿态机动地面物理试验系统,对不同的姿态机动控制方法进行了试验验证.针对不同的姿态机动轨迹规划方法,采用喷气发动机或控制力矩陀螺作...     

捕获非合作目标后航天器的自主稳定技术研究

捕获非合作目标后航天器质量特性发生突变,这大大地增加了系统的不确定性,控制不当容易导致失稳.为避免控制过程中航天器出现较大系统干扰问题,提出了先识别捕获后的系统质量特性,而后合理摆放非合作目标的自主稳定策略.首先,对航天器捕获过程和自主稳定策略进行了描述;其次,依据动量矩定理建立了非合作目标与航天器组合系统的数学模型,推导了非合作目标位置与质量特性之间的关系;然后,基于航天器数学模型和姿态测量信息,采用非线性规划方法对质量特性进行了辨识;最后,利用滑模变结构理论设计了非合作目标的控制回路,采用Lyapunov理论对系统的稳定性进行了分析.仿真结果表明:本文提出的自主配平策略响应快、精度高,适合在轨服务.     

A robust solution for hesitate phenomenon in pick up process of aerospace electromagnetic relay

As for aerospace electromagnetic relay (AEMR) which is of small batches and having difficulty in automatic production, the uncertainty phenomenon is remarkable due to excessive manual work involved in the assembly and adjustment processes. This kind of uncertainty may increase the coil voltage difference (CVD) caused by hesitate phenomenon in the pick up process of AEMR. Taking a certain type of AEMR for example, the CVD problem in the actual producing process has been studied in this paper. The primary cause of this issue, two-steps of armature motion (namely hesitate phenomenon) in the pick up process, has been found by analyzing the matching characteristics of electromagnetic and mechanical torques of AEMR. Through the optimization of the matching characteristics, the two-steps of armature motion problem is solved by robust design of the return reed which is a key part of AEMR. The validity of this research has been proved by the comparison of characteristics of AMER before and after the optimization.     

再入航天器防热层/金属结构热匹配评价方法研究

概述了在轨温度交变环境下再入航天器防热层/金属结构热匹配的3种评价方法———温度交变试验、热应力理论计算和有限元模型分析。结合工程实际,介绍了3种方法的应用情况和应用特点:温度交变试验可以定性研究温度交变环境及胶层厚度对结构热匹配特性的影响;热应力理论计算能够在一定程度上量化结构热应力等结果;有限元模型分析可以获得结构任意时刻、任意位置的热应力与热变形的量化数据,具有较大的应用优势。通过对比分析,建议采用温度交变试验与有限元模型分析相结合的方法,以实现防热层/金属结构热匹配特性的准确评价,最终验证防热结构方案设计的合理性。     

基于神经网络干扰观测器的柔性航天器姿态稳定控制

本文针对柔性航天器在惯性参数未知、外界干扰、输入饱和等复杂条件下的姿态控制问题,提出了1种基于神经网络干扰观测器的柔性航天器姿态稳定控制方法。首先,基于包含压电振动抑制输入的柔性航天器姿态动力学模型,构建了包含外界干扰、惯性参数不确定性的综合扰动项;其次,基于RBF神经网络设计干扰观测器与自适应参数调节律实时地估计综合扰动;再次,设计了1种固定时间收敛且有限时间稳定的非线性滑模控制器,并通过Lyapunov理论进行了稳定性分析;最后,利用航天器闭环姿态动力学系统进行数值仿真。结果表明:所设计的基于神经网络干扰观测器的控制方法可以有效实现航天器的姿态稳定、振动抑制与干扰估计,从而顺利完成航天器的高精高稳控制任务。     

电磁铆接放电过程仿真分析

目前,电磁铆接的放电回路主要有两种形式,一种是电容直接对线圈进行放电;另一种是电容对脉冲变压器放电,然后脉冲变压器作用于线圈.