碳基高导热材料及其在航天器上的应用

在分析航天器对于高导热材料的需求及应用特点的基础上,将碳基导热材料分为高导热石墨扩热板和高导热柔性石墨膜,总结了其在航天器上的典型应用场景.高导热柔性石墨膜可用于复杂结构等温化设计、柔性热传输等,高导热石墨扩热板可用于大功率元器件或设备扩热与传输.针对现有柔性导热材料柔韧性差、尺寸小、厚度薄等应用瓶颈,采用固相发泡技术...     

Prospects of de-tumbling large space debris using a two-satellite electromagnetic formation

Capturing large space debris with complex rotational motion is extremely challenging. A de-tumbling phase before capturing may be necessary to reduce the risk of collision with debris. This paper proposes a new noncontact de-tumbling method using a two-satellite electromagnetic formation, in which two small electromagnetic satellites, each having a high-temperature superconducting coil, generate control torques to reduce the rotation rate of debris prior to making any physical contact. The electromagnetic interaction of the target-satellite system is analyzed. A relative translational dynamics of the target–satellite system and the attitude dynamics of the target are established. Simulation results show that the proposed method effectively eliminates the rotational motion of the target. It can be safely concluded that the noncontact method for de-tumbling space debris using a two-satellite electromagnetic formation is feasible and potentially applicable to on-orbit capture.     

航天器天线有关技术的论述

论述了航天器天线的特点及其与航天器总体的关系;天线的辐射场方向图及增益有关问题;天线的电磁兼容及天线的计算机辅助设计。     

选取矩量法基函数的一种新设想

通过分析对比普通矩量法中所选用的全域基函数和子域基函数的特点,提出了构造多尺度子域基函数的设想和具体实现方法,通过几个例子的计算,证实了采用这种新的基函数能得到稳定的矩量法解。     

空间飞行器总体设计的电磁兼容性问题

结合空间飞行器总体设计的特点,介绍了电磁兼容性概念及其发展过程;分析了空间飞行器所处的电磁环境,指出总体设计中的若干电磁兼容性问题;提出了空间飞行器研制各阶段中开展电磁兼容性工作的流程图,强调必须在目前和今后各种型号的空间飞行器研制中引起充分的重视。     

空中电场传感器

为了监测雷雨云下或云中电荷层的形成和演变,研制了一种空中电场传感器,它利用对金属定子采用交替屏蔽的原理来测量准稳态的大气电场。对仪器的工作原理,结构特点和技术指标作了较详细的介绍,并对该仪器的应用作了简短论述。     

载人航天器的防火与灭火技术

简要分析了微重力下着火和燃烧的特点,有重点地介绍了适合不同火情的火信号探测器和怎样合理确定火探测器的种类、数量和布置,建立有效的火、烟探测警报系统。对可用在载人航天器上三类灭火剂的特性进行了分析,论述了在载人航天器上怎样进行灭火,并提出了灭火后的处理要求。强调指出了在载人航天器上对火必须以防为主,执行严厉的防火要求,采取严格的防火措施。最后,还介绍了国外载人航天器的火、烟探测和灭火系统。     

着陆缓冲火箭点火高度选择及缓冲效果估计

首先列出着陆缓冲火箭工作期间物（回收飞行器）－伞（降落伞）系统运动方程一般形式的解;然后据此分析影响缓冲火箭点火高度和缓冲效果的各因素,并且给出了确定点火高度和估算缓冲效果的公式。     

组合体航天器姿态的智能自适应控制方法

研究了交会对接后组合体航天器构型变化带来的姿态控制问题,对执行机构在控制量受限时的控制能力进行了分析,应用基于特征模型的智能自适应控制方法,设计了能适用于不同构型的姿态控制器,分别对组合体在直线构型和L构型对接情况下进行了数学仿真,仿真结果验证了智能自适应控制方法可行并且具有一定的优越性。     

Variable structure maneuvering control with time-varying sliding surface and active vibration damping of flexible spacecraft with input saturation

This paper presents a dual-stage control system design method for the three-axis-rotational maneuver and vibration stabilization of a spacecraft with flexible appendages embedded with piezoceramics as sensors/actuators. In this design approach, attitude control system and vibration suppression were designed separately using lower order model. The design of attitude controller was based on variable-structure control (VSC) theory leading to a discontinuous control law. To accomplish asymptotic attitude maneuvering in the closed-loop system and be insensitive to the interaction of elastic modes in the presence of unknown disturbances/uncertainty and input saturation as well, a switching mechanism is employed to design the attitude controller such that outside the sliding region VSC law with a time-varying sliding surface is implemented and inside the region the VSC law with a linear sliding surface is activated. Furthermore, a hyperbolic tangent function in conjunction with a sharpness function permitted to vary with time according to a set of user-defined parameters is implemented to offset the disadvantages of existing saturation-respecting controller and chattering. In addition, for actively damping the excited elastic vibrations during attitude maneuvering, modal velocity feedback and strain rate feedback control design methods are presented and compared by using piezoelectric materials as additional sensors and actuators bonded on the surface of the flexible appendages. Numerical simulations are performed to show that rotational maneuver and vibration suppression are accomplished in spite of the presence of disturbance torque, parameter uncertainty and control saturation nonlinearity.