利用图像处理技术自动评价超光滑表面的清洁度

讨论了利用计算机图像处理技术对精密抛光基片表面清洁自动评价的可能性、优点及应用前景.     

一种新型古典抛光工艺的技术研究

对抛光模的制作、抛光粉的添加、加压的方式以及抛光后的清洗这一整套生产流程中所涉及的核心技术进行了部分改进和详细介绍,并最终给出了古典法抛光后的玻璃表面利用AFM检测后的表面形貌图,表面的粗糙度、划痕等微观缺陷明显改善。     

超精密研磨抛光机床的研究与设计

利用纯金属锡制作抛光盘,结合超精密主轴和导轨,可以对抛光盘进行超精密车削修整。同时该机床的抛光盘主轴和工件主轴均为可调速的主动驱动,既可以实现古典的平板接触式研磨,亦可实现流体浮动抛光。     

Electrochemical machining of a convex strips structure on a revolving part by using site directed power interruption

Revolving parts with complex surface structures are widely used in machinery and mechanical equipment. The ECM process provides its adequacy to cut hard materials with different shapes, and its applications are widely increased, due to its outstanding advantages. In this paper, a new method for machining a convex strips structure on a cylinder by using site directed power interruption(SDPI) in the ECM process is presented. A variable correction value of the power-off time was defined and optimized to obtain the ideal interval for better machining accuracy and stability.The electric field distribution and the simulated convex profiles show that the stray current density can be reduced effectively by using the proposed method. The correction value has an important influence on the machining accuracy. A suitable correction value in the range of 0.6–1.2 s can effectively improve the machining accuracy of the convex strips structure. Experiments were also conducted to verify the proposed method. Results have confirmed that the stray corrosion on the convex strips surface is significantly reduced and the machining accuracy of convex strips structure is remarkably improved by using the proposed method with a suitable correction value in the ECM process. Finally, a convex strip with a height of 2 mm on a thin-wall revolving part was also produced successfully using a correction value of 0.9.     

大气等离子加工系统设计及实验验证

建立了面向复杂光学表面的大气等离子抛光系统,并用该系统进行硅片表面加工的实验研究.研究了CF_4、SF_6两种气体的放电特性以及加工效果,得到了加工速率与功率,流量间的关系,并通过原子力显微镜观察了加工后的表面质量.     

基于等几何法的叶片电解加工过程仿真方法研究

航空发动机叶片具有复杂的加工边界,其电解加工的过程仿真是加工预测的重要手段.而传统基于有限元法的腐蚀过程仿真需要反复划分网格,且存在边界上计算精度不足的问题.提出利用等几何法原理提升叶片电解加工数值仿真精度的思路,采用NURBS基函数替代原有拉格朗日基函数建立加工间隙物理场的求解方程组,解决由于NURBS基函数在边界处非插值特性引起的Dirichlet边界条件施加误差.将阳极边界的腐蚀位移转化为其控制顶点位移,避免反复划分网格所占用的计算时间,提升过程仿真精度.最后,通过试验证明该方法的有效性.     

Electrochemical trepanning with an auxiliary electrode

Electrochemical trepanning (ET) is one of the main methods for processing the blisks in aero-engines. However, stray corrosion in ET has a very negative impact on the machining quality of the blades. This paper proposes an innovative ET method with an auxiliary electrode surrounding the inner wall of the cavity above the cathode. Two-dimensional electric-field models are established and simulations are carried out with the auxiliary electrode at different positions and different electric potentials. The electric-field simulations show that adding the auxiliary electrode reverses the directions of the current lines in the processed area, thereby protecting it. The results show that when the distance from the bottom of the auxiliary electrode to the top of the cathode tool is 3 mm and the potential difference between the auxiliary electrode and the anode workpiece is 5 V, the area corroded by stray current is decreased. Experiments are performed under the parameter values determined by the simulations, and they confirm that this method is effective at reducing stray corrosion. Specifically, at a feed rate of 2.5 mm/min, the blade taper angle is decreased from 1.37° to −0.09°, the thickness of the leading and trailing edges is increased from 0.307 mm to 0.704 mm, and the average surface roughness is decreased from S_a =8.239 μm to S_a=7.028 μm.     

磁性流体研磨加工的实验研究

随着科学技术的发展,电子、光学和军品零件加工精度和表面质量的要求日益提高。采用普通研磨加工方法,虽然加工表面粗糙度和形状精度可符合要求,但表面加工变质层会使零件的机械物理性能降低。为此,开发研究出许多精加工技术。磁性研磨法是70年代新开发研究的一种加工方法,具有高精度、高效率和加工表面无变质层的特点,特别适合难研磨材料和复杂形状表面的研磨加工,并能在研磨加工过程中控制研磨效率和研磨精度。本文以自行研制的研磨装置为实验手段,对磁性流体研磨加工进行工艺试验,探索了研磨时间、磨粒粒径、混合液体积添加率和磁场强度诸因素对研磨效率和研磨精度的影响。并在此基础上对研磨机理进行了初步分析,提出了磁性流体研磨加工中单颗磨粒的运动模型,找出了研磨表面产生铜屑粘连、夹渣、磁性颗粒粘附和较粗划痕等缺陷的原因,以及控制措施。     

环氧树脂抛光磨具的研制

论述了一种环氧树脂抛光磨具的研制过程。该抛光磨具主要由环氧树脂和Ｃｒ２Ｏ３磨料组成，用于抛光石材表面。环氧树脂作为粘结剂替代了酚醛树脂粘结剂；用Ｃｒ２Ｏ３磨料替代了白刚玉磨料。环氧树脂和其他各种磨具粘结剂相比具有优良的性能，尤其适合制造细粒度的抛光磨具；Ｃｒ２Ｏ３磨料具有较低的硬度和较好的抛光性能。由于采用了低粘度的环氧树脂粘结剂，该抛光磨具在浇注成型下，仍具有较高的磨料含量。通过在磨具配方中加入合适的固化剂以及增韧剂、填料等添加剂，成功地研制出了组织致密、耐磨性好、加工效率和抛光光泽度高的新型抛光磨具。     

激光增材制造钛合金构件的化学抛光工艺研究

采用HNO3-HF抛光液对激光选区熔化钛合金制件进行化学抛光,以试样表面粗糙度、减薄及失重变化为指标探究了抛光过程中不同温度和时间对钛合金增材制件抛光效果的影响。通过电化学测量、拉伸试验、残余应力测试等方法对比分析了化学抛光前后钛合金试样的电化学和力学性能。结果表明在温度30℃、反应时间10min下抛光钛合金可以取得较理想的抛光效果,试样表面粗糙度减小、耐腐蚀性能提高。化学抛光后钛合金的强度出现小幅下降,内部原有的残余应力由拉应力转变为压应力。