太阳系多目标探测轨道优化设计

将太阳系多目标探测的轨道优化设计问题转换成非线性规划问题,建立了轨道优化模型.针对非线性规划问题解的多峰性,设计了一种融合改进的网格搜索算法和差分进化算法的组合优化算法.利用改进的网格搜索算法以适当的步长寻找理想的发射窗口和各阶段转移时间,产生差分进化的初始群体,进而使用差分进化算法搜索初始群体附近的子空间,通过全局范围内的比较得到较理想的结果.最后以2018 ～2020年太阳系多目标探测为例,面向土星环绕探测任务完成了飞行中途探测太阳系多颗大行星的轨道优化设计.数值仿真结果表明上述算法对太阳系多目标探测轨道优化设计具有较好的通用性和应用参考价值.     

基于差分进化算法的再入可达域快速计算#br#

针对高升阻比高超飞行器再入可达域计算问题,提出了基于差分进化算法和倾侧角插值相结合的混合求解方案。通过设计罚函数和适应度函数极值化将再入过程等式约束和不等式约束添加到优化指标。为了减小参数化倾侧角剖面的搜索空间,利用带约束的差分进化算法求解满足再入过程约束和终端约束的再入轨迹。在分别得到最大横向航程和最大纵向航程的倾侧角剖面后,利用插值法快速生成倾侧角指令集,进而实现再入可达域的快速计算。以高升阻比飞行器CAV H为对象,设计仿真算例,结果表明,该混合优化求解方案易于实现且具有良好的可操作性。     

现代特种加工技术的发展

简述了特种加工的技术特点和未来发展趋势,分别论述了高能束流加工、电火花加工、电解加工、物料切蚀加工和复合加工技术的概念、特征与应用状况。     

机轮轮毂内腔凸键螺纹孔加工技术

分析了机轮轮毂内腔凸键螺纹孔加工难点,介绍了加工螺纹孔的工艺方法及取得的技术经济效果。     

整体叶轮侧铣数控加工刀位轨迹生成新方法

为提高整体叶轮的加工质量和效率,提出了分段侧铣的方法,在每一段曲面上,基于斜等距曲面的原理,推导出叶片分段侧铣加工时刀位轨迹的生成和计算;并用计算仿真和刀心轨迹图对刀位进行了验证。结果表明,采用分段侧铣的方法,生成的刀位轨迹刀轴矢量变化均匀,刀轴未发生干涉,且加工效率和加工质量明显得到提高。     

数控线切割加工四轴联动轨迹合成研究

 对四轴联动数控线切割加工进行轨迹合成研究。在线切割四轴联动的基础上对轨迹合成的对应标注进行了分类 ,提出了轨迹合成准则 ;给出在各种标注情况下的轨迹合成公式。采用此理论编制的后置处理程序处理上下异型的三维直纹曲面 ,得到四轴联动的 ISO线切割加工程序     

TC11钛合金片层组织热变形行为及组织演变

通过热压缩试验研究了具有初始β转变组织的TC11钛合金在两相区800～980 ℃和应变速率0.001～0.1 s-1范围内的热变形行为和组织演变.分析了该合金在试验参数范围内变形的应力-应变曲线特征.动力学分析获得该合金在两相区变形的应力指数和变形激活能分别为4.42和490.8 kJ·mol-1,说明变形主要是位错的滑移和攀移过程.分析变形组织认为,片层组织的球化和弯折是两相区变形应力软化的原因.温度和应变速率严重影响片层组织球化过程的进行,980 ℃,0.001 s-1和0.01 s-1,以及950℃,0.001 s-1条件下变形有利于片层组织球化过程的充分进行.900～980 ℃,0.001～0.1 s-1球化过程中,变形到稳态的等轴α直径与温度补偿应变速率参数Z呈对数线性关系.     

Interior Evolution of Mercury

The interior evolution of Mercury—the innermost planet in the solar system, with its exceptional high density—is poorly known. Our current knowledge of Mercury is based on observations from Mariner 10’s three flybys. That knowledge includes the important discoveries of a weak, active magnetic field and a system of lobate scarps that suggests limited radial contraction of the planet during the last 4 billion years. We review existing models of Mercury’s interior evolution and further present new 2D and 3D convection models that consider both a strongly temperature-dependent viscosity and core cooling. These studies provide a framework for understanding the basic characteristics of the planet’s internal evolution as well as the role of the amount and distribution of radiogenic heat production, mantle viscosity, and sulfur content of the core have had on the history of Mercury’s interior. The existence of a dynamo-generated magnetic field suggests a growing inner core, as model calculations show that a thermally driven dynamo for Mercury is unlikely. Thermal evolution models suggest a range of possible upper limits for the sulfur content in the core. For large sulfur contents the model cores would be entirely fluid. The observation of limited planetary contraction (∼1–2 km)—if confirmed by future missions—may provide a lower limit for the core sulfur content. For smaller sulfur contents, the planetary contraction obtained after the end of the heavy bombardment due to inner core growth is larger than the observed value. Due to the present poor knowledge of various parameters, for example, the mantle rheology, the thermal conductivity of mantle and crust, and the amount and distribution of radiogenic heat production, it is not possible to constrain the core sulfur content nor the present state of the mantle. Therefore, it is difficult to robustly predict whether or not the mantle is conductive or in the convective regime. For instance, in the case of very inefficient planetary cooling—for example, as a consequence of a strong thermal insulation by a low conductivity crust and a stiff Newtonian mantle rheology—the predicted sulfur content can be as low as 1 wt% to match current estimates of planetary contraction, making deep mantle convection likely. Efficient cooling—for example, caused by the growth of a crust strongly in enriched in radiogenic elements—requires more than 6.5 wt% S. These latter models also predict a transition from a convective to a conductive mantle during the planet’s history. Data from future missions to Mercury will aid considerably our understanding of the evolution of its interior.     

铸铁结合剂金刚石砂轮电火花整形影响因素初探

简单介绍了铸铁结合剂金刚石砂轮电火花整形的原理,对电火花整形的影响因素进行了分析,为以后金属结合剂金刚石砂轮的电火花整形实验提供了一些经验。     

带冠整体涡轮盘电火花加工成形电极的设计与制造

以带冠整体涡轮盘电火花加工专用CAD/CAM系统(BliskCad/Cam)为辅助工具,详细介绍了某带冠整体涡轮盘电火花加工成形电极的设计和制造工艺,通过加工实验,得到满足精度要求的成形电极。