基于动态观测器的多故障诊断技术的应用研究

针对卫星这类复杂系统多故障诊断的难题,研究了一种基于动态观测器的多故障诊断方法.该方法通过改变动态观测器的结构,使之对某一故障具有鲁棒性,从而简化了设计一族观测器的复杂性.给出了动态观测器的设计方法和多故障诊断策略,并在某卫星姿控系统中进行了仿真应用.仿真结果表明,适用于复杂系统的多故障诊断与分离,并可实现诊断的实时性.     

基于广义Stewart平台的精密跟瞄机构动态各向同性优化设计

设计一个各向同性、高精度、满足给定负载特性的Stewart并联机构,满足精密跟瞄机构的精密指向、振动隔离及抑制性能仍然是比较困难的,而且各向同性标准Stewart并联机构对负载的约束条件极为苛刻.为解决这一问题,提出具有容错特性的一类广义Stewart并联机构,定义动态各向同性概念及指标,考虑负载质量几何特性,推导了动态各向同性描述及条件的解析数学形式.将局部动态各向同性与全域工作空间灵活性好、满足运动能力和无构件干涉等目标相综合,建立了精密跟瞄广义Stewart并联机构的优化设计方法.结果表明广义Stewart并联机构能够放松各向同性时对负载的条件约束,设计方法优化并具有工程应用价值.     

动态测量的不确定度分离原理

对动态测量系统进行建模 ,提出了动态测量不确定度的分离原理 ,将测量不确定度的贡献分为内部不确定度和外部不确定度两类 ,指出二者可以分别分析计算并符合不确定度的传播规律 ,该原理具有理论上和工程上的实用价值。     

用Kane方法建立的空间站大型伸展机构柔性多体动力学模型

本文采用Ｋａｎｅ方法建立了空间站大型伸展机构柔性多体系统动力学模型。该模型考虑了系统的轨道运动、姿态运动、构件伸展运动和构件弹性运动，通过约束矩阵建立系统的约束关系，所得方程具有程式化特点，便于计算机编程。该模型还可适用于空间飞行器、地面车辆、复杂机械等多体系统。     

跟踪与数据中继卫星柔性动力学建模

研究了大型跟踪与数据中继卫星动力学建模问题。首先结合模态综合和混合坐标方法介绍了中继卫星柔性动力学一般模型建立过程;根据工程需要重点对所建立的一般动力学模型利用模态综合进行降阶处理,给出了工程实用的低阶动力学模型和各耦合系数的计算表达式;最后通过一个工程实例对模型进行了验证。     

Flame features and oscillation characteristics in near-blowout swirl-stabilized flames using high-speed OH-PLIF and mode decomposition methods

Flame features and dynamics are important to the explanation and prediction of a lean blowout (LBO) phenomenon. In this paper, recognition of near-LBO flame features and oscillation characterization methods were proposed based on flame spectroscopic images. High-speed planar laser-induced fluorescence measurements of OH were used to capture unique dynamic features such as the local extinction and reignition feature and entrained reactant pockets. The Zernike moment demonstrated a good performance in recognition of stability and near-LBO conditions, though the geometric moment had more advantages to characterize frequency characteristics. Low-frequency oscillations, especially at the obvious self-excited oscillation frequency around 200 Hz, were found when approaching an LBO condition, which can be expected to be used as a novel prediction characteristic parameter of the flameout limit. Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) were used to conduct dynamic analysis of near-LBO flames. POD modes spectra showed the unique frequency characteristics of stable and near-LBO flames, which were basically in line with those at the heat-release frequency. The primary POD modes demonstrated that the radial vibration mode dominated in a stable flame, while the rotation mode was found to exist in a near-LBO flame. Analysis of modal decomposition showed that flame shedding and agminated entrained reactant pockets were responsible for generating self-excited flame oscillations.     

Real-time modular dynamic modeling for compression system of altitude ground test facilities

Modeling of a centrifugal compressor is of great significance to surge characteristics and fluid dynamics in the Altitude Ground Test Facilities (AGTF). Real-time Modular Dynamic System Greitzer (MDSG) modeling for dynamic response and simulation of the compression system is introduced. The centrifugal compressor, pipeline network, and valve are divided into pressure output type and mass flow output type for module modeling, and the two types of components alternate when the system is established. The pressure loss and thermodynamics of the system are considered. An air supply compression system of AGTF is modeled and simulated by the MDSG model. The simulation results of mass flow, pressure, and temperature are compared with the experimental results, and the error is less than 5%, which demonstrates the reliability, practicability, and universality of the MDSG model.     

Dynamic neighborhood genetic learning particle swarm optimization for high-power-density electric propulsion motor

To maximize the power density of the electric propulsion motor in aerospace application, this paper proposes a novel Dynamic Neighborhood Genetic Learning Particle Swarm Optimization (DNGL-PSO) for the motor design, which can deal with the insufficient population diversity and non-global optimal solution issues. The DNGL-PSO framework is composed of the dynamic neighborhood module and the particle update module. To improve the population diversity, the dynamic neighborhood strategy is first proposed, which combines the local neighborhood exemplar generation mechanism and the shuffling mechanism. The local neighborhood exemplar generation mechanism enlarges the search range of the algorithm in the solution space, thus obtaining high-quality exemplars. Meanwhile, when the global optimal solution cannot update its fitness value, the shuffling mechanism module is triggered to dynamically change the local neighborhood members. The roulette wheel selection operator is introduced into the shuffling mechanism to ensure that particles with larger fitness value are selected with a higher probability and remain in the local neighborhood. Then, the global learning based particle update approach is proposed, which can achieve a good balance between the expansion of the search range in the early stage and the acceleration of local convergence in the later stage. Finally, the optimization design of the electric propulsion motor is conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed DNGL-PSO. The simulation results show that the proposed DNGL-PSO has excellent adaptability, optimization efficiency and global optimization capability, while the optimized electric propulsion motor has a high power density of 5.207 kW/kg with the efficiency of 96.12%.     

Impact of aperture on dynamic response of sandwich plates with aluminium face-sheets and PMI core based on an alternative finite element formulation and experiments

Apertures generally exist in the sandwich structures attributing to mechanical connection and lightweight, which might induce failure of such structures. Thus, it is required to realize the impact of aperture on mechanical behaviors of sandwich structures. If transverse shear deformations are unable to be described accurately, the reasonable prediction of dynamic behaviors of the form-core sandwich plates with apertures will meet severe challenges due to a large difference of transverse shear mo...     

Stress corrosion behavior of 2195-T8 Al-Li alloy with an artificial pit exposed to a 30vol% HNO3 solution

This paper experimentally studied the stress corrosion behavior of 2195-T8 Al-Li alloys with prefabricated pits in 30vol% HNO₃. The microstructure was observed and determined by the scanning electron microscopy and the transmission electron microscopy. The typical corrosion features, i.e., regular or irregular corrosion pits and sub/intergranular corrosion, were investigated, and the role of stress were analyzed. The statistical results of the number and area of corrosion pits in various sizes were studied using an improved image processing method. Experimental results demonstrate that stress affects the intergranular corrosion or sub-intergranular corrosion of the alloy most, and promotes them to evolve into cracks under stress corrosion. Stress also plays a role in accelerating corrosion severity of certain corrosion feature. The number of corrosion pits with an area of 0–50 μm² can be seen as an index to reflect the degree of corrosion. Besides, a corrosion phenomenon, i.e., the pit bottom in the site with the maximum stress locally suffering from no severe corrosion, was observed and discussed.