二维海面上三维电大尺寸舰船目标电磁散射仿真

目标特征的建模、仿真和分析对于合成孔径雷达（SAR）基于图像的自动识别（ATR）系统具有重要的意义。研究了海面舰船目标的电磁散射计算以及雷达成像仿真。基于矩量法及其并行计算方法,对电大尺寸舰船目标及与海面复合的散射特性进行了研究,给出了不同频带、空间方位、极化的散射特性。在频域对回波数据作离散傅里叶逆变换,得到海面舰船目标的一维距离像。运用极坐标格式成像算法得到其二维聚束SAR成像结果,清晰地重构目标的轮廓。      

Design and analysis of a novel hinged boom based on cable drive

Hinged booms are widely used in astrophysics missions; however, the trajectory and deployment velocity are difficult to control because they are usually driven by springs, which limits their application in narrow spaces. Thus, a novel hinged boom is highly required to achieve motion controllability. Through an equivalent substitution between the cable drive loop and the binary link in topology, a type synthesis method for the cable-driven single-degree-of-freedom chain is proposed based on the s...     

滚压强化表面状态特征的疲劳演化及抗疲劳机制研究进展

作为机械表面强化技术之一,滚压强化工艺能够有效提高材料的疲劳性能、耐磨损性能、耐腐蚀性能以及损伤容限性能,现已被应用于航空发动机叶片等的表面改性处理。首先,对滚压强化的基本原理及优点进行了介绍。其次,鉴于表面状态特征演化对疲劳性能的重要影响及越来越多的学者对此问题的重视与研究,分别综述了滚压强化工艺的表面状态特征（残余应力、显微硬度和微观组织）的疲劳演化、抗疲劳机制以及疲劳寿命预测方面的研究进展。然后,并与其他工艺的研究进展进行横向对比分析,总结了滚压强化工艺当前研究存在的不足。最后,对滚压强化工艺今后的研究内容与发展方向进行了展望。     

主流偏角对单排圆柱型气膜孔冷却特性的影响

数值模拟研究了主流偏角对单排圆柱型气膜孔冷却特性的影响,在气膜孔中心间距相等的计算条件下,在吹风比为1.0时,计算结果与主流和气膜孔都无偏角、主流无偏角而气膜孔有45°偏角这两种流动情况做了对比.结果显示:相对于主流和气膜孔都无偏角时,主流有45°偏角而气膜孔无偏角时气膜平均冷却效率更大,分布更均匀;相比于主流无偏角而气膜孔有45°偏角时,在气膜孔附近处,主流有45°偏角而气膜孔无偏角时气膜平均冷却效率更小,在远离气膜孔的下游位置处,气膜平均冷却效率更大.另外在吹风比为0.5和1.5条件下进行了数值模拟,结果也显示3种流动情况气膜冷却效率分布存在明显差距,有必要对主流偏角对单排气膜孔冷却特性的影响做进一步的实验和数值研究.      

碰摩作用下盘片榫连结构接触特性的响应分析

以某压气机燕尾形榫连结构为研究对象,基于ANSYS有限元软件,建立了盘片的有限元模型.用脉冲力模拟局部碰摩时的碰摩力,分析了两种碰摩情况对榫连结构接触特性的影响,首先分析了侵入量为定值时,不同转速对榫连结构接触特性的影响,接着分析了当转速为定值时,不同侵入量对榫连结构接触特性的影响.研究结果表明:随着转速的升高,榫连结构的最大接触压力和最大接触滑移距离不断的增加,最大接触压力变化规律变得更加复杂,而最大接触滑移距离变化规律逐渐趋于稳定并且最大接触滑移距离之间的变化幅度减小.随着侵入量的增加,榫连结构的最大接触压力以及最大接触滑移距离都会增大,但过大的侵入量将导致最大接触滑移距离发生突变.通过分析不同工况下几个节点接触压力及接触滑移距离的频谱响应,发现碰摩会产生转频的高倍频成分,当转频的倍频成分接近叶片固有频率时会出现倍频幅值放大现象.      

A review of recent studies on rotating internal cooling for gas turbine blades

Gas turbines have been used extensively for aircraft and marine propulsions as well as land-based power generation because of their high thermal efficiency and large power to weight ratios. To further increase the thermal efficiency, numerous prior researches on gas turbine blade internal cooling have been intensively carried out, majorly under stationary conditions. However, the stationary studies neglect the effects of Coriolis and buoyancy forces, which should change the velocity, turbulence and temperature distribution under rotating conditions. To elucidate the rotational effects on gas turbine internal cooling, the extensive results collected from recent investigations are discussed, which include the rotation and buoyancy effects on the rib turbulated cooling, pin fin cooling, jet impingement cooling, dimple/protrusion cooling, latticework cooling as well as swirl cooling. The rotational effects on the friction factors and the most employed experimental and numerical methods are also presented. Moreover, recommendations for future research are outlined. Therefore, this review article provides extensive literature information for the design of the next-generation high-efficiency internal cooling for rotating turbine blades.     

基于石墨烯膜的光纤Fabry-Perot腔干涉特性分析

针对以新型材料石墨烯为膜片的光纤法珀压力传感器,应用圆薄膜大挠度弹性理论,利用有限元法分析了均布载荷下石墨烯膜的挠度形变;并基于Fabry-Perot干涉仪原理,建立了光纤Fabry-Perot腔压力传感的数学模型.根据石墨烯膜折射率特性,分析了层数、入射光角度等参数对石墨烯膜反射率的影响,获取了腔长损耗以及薄膜挠度形变导致腔长变化而引起的干涉光谱变化规律.仿真结果表明,增加薄膜层数可提高反射率、改善干涉性能;但随着载荷增加,其对挠度形变的影响表现为反向递减效应.8层石墨烯薄膜可获得0.715%的反射率,且当腔长为40μm时,直径25μm薄膜的理论压力灵敏度约为10nm/kPa.这为基于多层石墨烯的膜片式光纤压力传感器的设计提供了理论依据.      

浮升混合飞艇气动性能及总体参数分析

为了兼顾飞艇的气动性能和浮升特性,充分发挥二者的优势,并增强可控性,提出了一种基于NACA高升力翼型的组合嚢体式混合飞艇气动布局.采用计算流体力学(CFD)方法建立混合飞艇FLUENT计算模型,数值模拟了它在不同速度和迎角下的升阻特性、纵向静稳定性及浮升特性,并进行了总体性能评估,最后将其与常规飞艇进行了对比.结果表明:该组合嚢体飞艇布局具有较好的气动性能和效率,相同条件下提供的动升力为常规飞艇的3倍;当飞行速度大于26 m/s时,混合飞艇总升力效率开始大于常规飞艇,能够提供更好的浮升特性.此外,相同设计载荷下混合飞艇的外形尺寸更小,有利于增加有效载荷,可为低空大型混合飞艇的研发提供参考.      

Electromagnetic scattering characteristics of coaxial helicopter based on dynamic transformation method

With the development of coaxial rotors and high-speed helicopters, the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of coaxial helicopters have gradually become a research hotspot. In order to deal with the Radar Cross-Section (RCS) of high-speed rotating rotors or coaxial main rotors, a Dynamic Scattering Method (DSM) based on dynamic process simulation and grid coordinate transformation is presented. Instantaneous electromagnetic scattering from rotors and helicopters is solved using Physical Optics (PO) and Physical Theory of Diffraction (PTD). Important factors are analyzed and discussed in detail, including individual rotor rotation, azimuth, elevation angle, fuselage, pitch angle, and roll angle. The results show that the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of rotor-type components are dynamic and periodic. The dynamic RCS period of a single rotor is related to the dynamic RCS period of the coaxial main rotor. Choosing different observation angles and attitude angles has a great impact on the static and dynamic RCS of the helicopter. The presented DSM is effective and efficient to analyze and determine the dynamic electromagnetic scattering characteristics of conventional helicopters or coaxial helicopters.     

航天器中频段力学环境预示的混合线连接建模方法

针对航天器中频段的力学环境预示问题,提出了一种航天器结构混合线连接建模方法。首先应用波动理论推导了波数空间下的线连接动态刚度矩阵,然后通过构造线连接处的位移形函数,采用傅里叶变换技术建立混合线连接模型。提出了模态插值、三角波和Shannon小波三种形函数构造方法,并对三类形函数的优缺点进行了对比。典型结构的仿真结果表明,提出的混合线连接建模方法具有较好的预示精度,可应用于航天器结构的中频段的力学环境预示。