航天材料热物理性能测试技术的发展现状

根据航天材料热物理性能测试技术的特点 ,系统介绍了国内航天材料热物理性能测试技术的发展状况和发展趋势 ,并详细介绍了目前我国航天材料热物理性能测试领域中所具备的测试技术和测试装置、航天热物理性能所涉及的研究领域和内容以及目前正在开展的研究工作。     

Hybrid integration method for highly maneuvering radar target detection based on a Markov motion model

To detect highly maneuvering radar targets in low signal-to-noise ratio conditions, a hybrid long-time integration method is proposed, which combines Radon-Fourier Transform (RFT), Dynamic Programming (DP), and Binary Integration (BI), named RFT-DP-BI. A Markov model with unified range-velocity quantification is formulated to describe the maneuvering target’s motion. Based on this model, long-time hybrid integration is performed. Firstly, the whole integration time is divided into multiple time segments and coherent integration is performed in each segment via RFT. Secondly, non-coherent integration is performed in all segments via DP. Thirdly, 2/4 binary integration is performed to further improve the detection performance. Finally, the detection results are exported together with target range and velocity trajectories. The proposed method can perform the long-time integration of highly maneuvering targets with arbitrary forms of motion. Additionally, it has a low computational cost that is linear to the integration time. Both simulated and real radar data demonstrate that it offers good detection and estimation performances.     

Abnormal changes of dynamic derivatives at low reduced frequencies

A number of studies have found that abnormal changes of dynamic derivatives occurred at very low reduced frequencies, but its inducement mechanism is not very clear. This paper has researched the abnormal changes and analyzed the influence on some parameters by solving the unsteady flow around forced oscillation airfoils based on Navier-Stokes equations. Results indicate that when the reduced frequency approaches to zero, the dynamic derivatives obtained by the numerical method will diverge. We have also proven it in theory that this phenomenon is not physical but completely caused by numerical singularity. Furthermore, the abnormal phenomenon can be effectively mitigated by using the time spectral method to solve the aerodynamic forces and the integral method to obtain the dynamic derivatives. When the reduced frequency is in the range of 0.001–0.01, the dynamic derivative maintains nearly unchanged for the whole speed region. This study can provide a reference for the reasonable choice of the reduced frequency in calculations and experiments of dynamic derivatives.     

Aircraft nonlinear stability analysis and multidimensional stability region estimation under icing conditions

Icing is one of the crucial factors that could pose great threat to flight safety,and thus research on stability and stability region of aircraft safety under icing conditions is significant for control and flight.Nonlinear dynamical equations and models of aerodynamic coefficients of an air craft are set up in this paper to study the stability and stability region of the aircraft under an icing condition.Firstly,the equilibrium points of the iced aircraft system are calculated and analyzed based on the theory of differential equation stability.Secondly,according to the correlation theory about equilibrium points and the stability region,this paper estimates the multidimensional stability region of the aircraft,based on which the stability regions before and after icing are compared.Finally,the results are confirmed by the time history analysis.The results can give a reference for stability analysis and envelope protection of the nonlinear system of an iced aircraft.     

一种EXCEL-VB环境下的动态生产作业信息平台

基于EXCEL软件函数和算法,借助VB程序语言,建立了一种信息动态化的生产作业系统.通过核心参数,实现对生产计划、生产进度、物料库存、调度控制、工时考核、生产指令发放、超缺货告警等关键生产参数的实时监控.平台使用后,在生产现场计划和调度管理的各项关键指标中,计划编制时间缩短了80％,零件库存降低39.3％,计划完成率提高31.2％,生产均衡由原来的经常缺件提高到现在的连续8个月生产无停顿,加班减少70％以上,且年度产品准时交付率达到了99.04％.     

超声速变马赫数风洞流场参数线性变化验证

旋转喷管型面使超声速变马赫数风洞在单次运行过程中可连续调节实验区的马赫数,便于研究飞行器的机动过程、进气道起动过程中的气动问题。在控制喷管型面旋转过程中,流场参数能否线性变化是衡量超声速变马赫数风洞性能的一个重要指标。分析变马赫数风洞实验区流场参数的线性变化规律,利用弹簧光顺的动网格技术建立数值仿真模型,验证喷管位于马赫数3.041~3.215 范围所对应的位置时,实验区流场参数是否满足线性变化规律。结果表明：通过对喷管型面旋转的控制实现了风洞实验区流场参数的线性变化,动态计算结果与预期实验区流场参数线性变化规律吻合良好;在不同加速度的流场参数线性变化过程中,各时刻实验区的平均参数与预期参数之间的偏差均小于0.13%。     

亚声速叶片与跨声速叶片的气动阻尼比较

为了研究叶轮机中叶片与流场流固耦合作用情况下的气动阻尼,分别以亚声速和跨声速转子叶片为例计算气动阻尼。根据对非定常气动力的分析,提出了一种与结构等效粘滞阻尼比对应的模态气动等效粘滞阻尼比的定义。采用弱耦合分域求解的算法,在线性范围内,计算并比较了跨声速叶片和亚声速叶片模态和振幅对模态气动阻尼比的影响,根据分布气动阻尼比研究压缩波对模态气动阻尼比的影响。研究结果表明这两类叶片的气动阻尼特性基本一致,所提参数对两类叶片的气动阻尼的影响基本相同。     

固体推进剂动态储能模量主曲线计算应力松弛模量

基于一维线性粘弹性理论中动态储能模量与应力松弛模量的关系,导出了一种利用动态储能模量主曲线计算固体推进剂修正应力松弛模量的方法。通过两类固体推进剂修正应力松弛模量与实测应力松弛模量主曲线对比发现:虽然计算值大大高于实测值,但二者的比例系数随时间单调递减。根据这种关系,利用固体推进剂动态储能模量主曲线可以计算一定时间内的应力松弛模量。最后,对该方法在发动机药柱应力松弛模量监测中的应用进行了初步探讨。     

基于遗传算法的弧齿锥齿轮动态特性优化设计

基于集中质量法建立了弧齿锥齿轮八自由度弯-轴-扭三维空间动力学模型,在模型中考虑了啮合刚度的时变性、几何传动误差的非线性、齿面侧隙以及支承刚度的非线性.采用Runge-Kutta法对传动系统动态响应进行求解.在此基础上,以啮合周期内动态特性指标——振动加速度均方根作为优化目标函数,使用遗传算法对局部综合法中的齿面控制参数进行优化.在对设计参数进行优化的同时也获得了齿轮副最优加工参数.最终以齿面修形的方式实现了航空弧齿锥齿轮动态特性优化,减小了齿轮传动系统的振动与噪声.      

N2O单组元微推力器高空模拟实验研究

在真空舱中进行了N2O单组元两种尺寸的微推力器的高空模拟试验研究,分析了微推力器设计参数对比冲等性能的影响。结果表明,两种尺寸微推力器的最大比冲分别为1.608 N.s/g和1.639 N.s/g,热损失、床载和床长对微推力器性能影响明显,存在最佳床载值、床载和床长的匹配。