平面接触圆运动摩擦力的解析与数值算法

本文给出了接触相对运动为圆时求解摩擦力的理论方法 ,得到了摩擦力的解析解 ,分析了二维接触圆运动所产生摩擦力的特征 ,并将其与采用时域轨迹跟踪方法所得的数值解进行了比较 ,验证了数值方法的可行性 ,同时分析了数值方法产生误差的大小及来源 ,为该数值方法的应用及推广于其他平面复杂接触运动提供了依据。     

轴流压气机机匣处理数值研究

 本文采用带进口总压梯度的无粘模型和Denton J D.格式,首次对压气机机匣处理三维流场进行了数值求解,对奇点边界及数值稳定性作了探讨。并在定性解释机匣处理试验结果及机理中符合一致。     

时序效应减小转子叶片表面非定常气动力的数值模拟

利用商用Numeca软件模拟了一个1.5级压气机中的时序效应现象,研究了导叶-静子周向相对位置变化时中间转子叶片表面非定常气动力及压力系数的变化。该1.5级压气机为南航低速压气机试验器(LSC)的简化结构,各排叶片数之比为1:1:1。为了孤立分析尾迹和势扰动的影响,还进行了导-转和转-静结构的计算。结果表明,通过调整导叶-静子的周向相对位置,可以使中间转子叶片表面非定常气动力的一阶响应幅值显著减小。     

矩形高层建筑横风向动力风荷载解析模型

通过研究不同长宽比，高宽比的矩形棱柱体在边界层风洞中典型迎角下的机警风力，提出了矩形高层建筑横风力功率谱密度，均方根升力系数和Strouhal数的经验公式，并对相干函数作了一定的探讨，建立了完整的横风向动力风荷载解析模型，该模型和试验结果吻合较好，证明它是合理有效的，可此基础上建立高层建筑横风向动力响应的频域计算方法。     

MIDAS – The Micro-Imaging Dust Analysis System for the Rosetta Mission

The International Rosetta Mission is set for a rendezvous with Comet 67 P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in 2014. On its 10 year journey to the comet, the spacecraft will also perform a fly-by of the two asteroids Stein and Lutetia in 2008 and 2010, respectively. The mission goal is to study the origin of comets, the relationship between cometary and interstellar material and its implications with regard to the origin of the Solar System. Measurements will be performed that shed light into the development of cometary activity and the processes in the surface layer of the nucleus and the inner coma. The Micro-Imaging Dust Analysis System (MIDAS) instrument is an essential element of Rosetta’s scientific payload. It will provide 3D images and statistical parameters of pristine cometary particles in the nm-μm range from Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. According to cometary dust models and experience gained from the Giotto and Vega missions to 1P/Halley, there appears to be an abundance of particles in this size range, which also covers the building blocks of pristine interplanetary dust particles. The dust collector of MIDAS will point at the comet and collect particles drifting outwards from the nucleus surface. MIDAS is based on an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), a type of scanning microprobe able to image small structures in 3D. AFM images provide morphological and statistical information on the dust population, including texture, shape, size and flux. Although the AFM uses proven laboratory technology, MIDAS is its first such application in space. This paper describes the scientific objectives and background, the technical implementation and the capabilities of MIDAS as they stand after the commissioning of the flight instrument, and the implications for cometary measurements.     

某型螺旋桨发动机连接螺栓预紧力研究

对某型螺旋桨发动机1个重要部位的连接螺栓进行了预紧力研究。介绍了螺栓预紧力的计算和螺栓的静强度、疲劳强度校核方法,得出了试验和改型机用该连接螺栓的锁紧力矩。     

三角翼作俯仰运动时水洞测力和流动显示实验研究

基于水洞中三角翼模型的动态测力和流动显示实验,讨论了俯仰运动的起始角、运动幅度和运动速率对三角翼俯仰运动时的气动特性和流动结构的影响。三角翼的气动力在俯仰运动中会产生“迟滞”或“过冲”现象。中等攻角以上,上仰运动推迟了三角翼的失速,大幅度增大了三角翼的升力系数。俯仰运动起始角和运动幅度的影响大小与其对应的静态三角翼流态有关,三角翼在涡破裂流态和完全分离流态之间作俯仰运动时,上仰时升力系数将始终高于下俯时的升力系数,运动中存在显著迟滞。迟滞的大小也受俯仰速率的影响。     

磨削力的实时采集和数据处理

磨削一般是零件加工的最后一道工序。磨削过程较为复杂，磨削力的大小不仅影响工件的表面质量，而且还影响零件的精度。在磨削机理研究及生产实际中常常需对磨削力进行测试，通过调整磨削用量，修整砂轮，实现在允许的磨削力范围内进行加工。提出了在磨床上安装测力系统，并采用单片机对磨削力信号进行实时采集处理，建立磨削力的经验公式，同时显示并打印结果。     

湍流对二维矩形柱体空气动力学性质的影响

本文研究了湍流对长宽比B/D等于2和4的两种静止二维矩形柱体的空气动力学性质(平均压力分布、脉动压力分布、气动力和压力相关)的影响,并从能谱的观点讨论了湍流尺度的影响。     

Machining fixture for adaptive CNC machining process of near-net-shaped jet engine blade

Low stiffness and positioning problems are difficulties and challenges in the precise machining of near-net-shaped blades. This paper aims to achieve high accuracy in manufacturing by fixture- and deformation-control in the adaptive CNC machining process. Adaptive CNC machining technology is first analyzed, and new fixture-evaluation criteria and methods to evaluate the adaptive CNC machining process fixture design are built. Second, a machining fixture is designed and manufactured after analyzing its positioning scheme, clamping scheme, materials (PEEK-GF30), and structure characteristics. Finally, the designed fixture is analyzed by FEA and experimentally verified by a cutting experiment. The results show that the deformation of the blade is an overall rigid-body displacement, the main deformation of the blade-fixture system occurs on the four clamping heads, and this fixture can effectively protect the blade from local deformation. The proposed clamping-sequence method reliably and effectively controls the local maximum deformation of the blade. The system stiffness is increased by 20 Hz, with each clamping force increased by 200 N. Both high- and low-frequency displacement in roughing milling or finishing milling are acceptable relative to the accuracy demand of blade machining. This fixture and an adaptive CNC machining process can achieve high accuracy in blade manufacturing.