出口宽高比对双涵道S弯喷管流动特性的影响

为了明晰出口宽高比对基于真实排气混合器构型的S弯喷管流动特性的影响机制,数值模拟了不同出口宽高比下的双S弯喷管内/外流特性。结果表明：出口宽高比对排气混合器附近的流场特征影响较小,但增加出口宽高比导致喷管下游纵向转弯处的涡量减小,而涡的横向运动更加剧烈,由此带来的涡损失及内/外涵掺混损失沿纵向有所减小,沿横向持续增大。随着出口宽高比的增加,纵向两弯处及等直段区域的壁面剪切应力减小,相应的摩擦损失和局部损失降低;而上、下壁面极限流线的扩张-汇聚程度增强使得该区域的摩擦损失增大。宽高比的增加导致喷管出口附近气流的轴向速度逐渐增大,出口下游的尾喷流速度核心区长度逐渐缩短。不同出口宽高比条件下,喷管几何构型与排气混合器相互作用产生的多种流动损失的变化趋势相反,综合起来对S弯喷管的气动性能影响较小。     

双基推进剂装药包覆层间硝化甘油迁移及抑制

硝化甘油(NG)向装药包覆层的大量迁移,是一个非常严重的问题,它直接关系着发动机装药的使用寿命.本文综述了影响NG迁移的因素和迁移机理,介绍了国内外对NG迁移动力学和热力学进行的研究,以及NG迁移的检测技术,讨论了NG迁移的抑制技术.     

Practical guidelines for electro-dynamic tethers to survive from orbital debris impacts

Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) has proposed an active debris removal using electro-dynamic tether to reduce large space debris in the low-Earth orbit. However, a tether strand is thin but long enough to have a large area so that it is vulnerable to small particles. This vulnerability might be the weakest point of a tether system against orbital debris. In order to overcome this weakest point, a double tether system, in which two tether strands are tied together at even intervals to form equally spaced loops, has been suggested as one of the promising candidates. This paper provides a mathematical approach to estimate the survival probability of a double tether system and then apply the approach to evaluate the mission success rate of the active debris removal using electro-dynamic tether that JAXA has proposed. It can be concluded the countermeasure to get enough success rate can be obtained. The result is simulated for Advanced Earth Observing Satellite II (ADEOS-II) re-entry from 800 km sun synchronized orbit to atmosphere. The simulation shows that mission success rate over 90% can be obtained with number of loops over 1000 and 10 mm clearance between two strands.     

Kappa distribution functions and the main properties of auroral particle acceleration

The problem of auroral particle acceleration is analyzed taking into account the filling of the magnetosphere by accelerated particles of ionospheric origin and the trapping of particles between the magnetic and electrostatic barriers. It is taken into account that kappa distributions describe experimentally measured distribution functions better than do maxwellians. The existence of conjugate field-aligned potential drops in the north and south hemispheres is suggested. Field-aligned potential drops are formed if the value of field-aligned current is higher than the threshold determined by the free gazodynamic flow of electrons along field lines. Results of experimental observations showing the possibility of field-aligned potential drop concentration in double layers are summarized. The theory of kinetic double layers is developed taking into account the nonmaxwellian forms of distribution functions. It is shown that the kinetic treatment and the existence of nonmaxwellian distributions lead to real changes in the criteria required for double-layer formation.     

新体制卫星导航信号特性与跟踪环路设计

从新体制卫星信号的特性出发,论述新体制卫星导航信号跟踪环路的一种实现方式,即三环双估计器跟踪环路的设计方法,并以一个仿真系统为例给出各项参数推导的详细过程,最终的仿真结果证明所述方法合理可行。     

近距-1协议在星间测距中的应用

针对近距航天器测距的需要,将CCSDS(空间数据系统咨询委员会)近距-1协议的定时业务与微波双向单程测距法相结合进行测距。该法以直序扩频技术来获得高精度传输帧ASM(附属同步标识)最后1位下降沿的时刻,并以时间码形式,通过帧数据域在测距星之间相互对传,综合考虑协议给出的信号物理特性,对所给出的方法进行了误差分析。分析表明,航天器之间距离不远,相对速度不大时,该法具有较高精度,且与数据通信共用1套设备,降低了成本。     

A novel predictive algorithm for double difference observations of obstructed BeiDou geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellites

Transmission link disturbances and device failure cause global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers to miss observations, leading to poor accuracy in real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning. Previously described solutions for this problem are influenced by the length of the prediction period, or are unable to account for changes in receiver state because they use information from previous epochs to make predictions. We propose an algorithm for predicting double difference (DD) observations of obstructed BeiDou navigation system (BDS) GEO satellites. Our approach adopts the first-degree polynomial function for predicting missing observations. We introduce a Douglas-Peucker algorithm to judge the state of the rover receiver to reduce the impact of predictive biases. Static and kinematic experiments were carried out on BDS observations to evaluate the proposed algorithm. The results of our navigation experiment demonstrate that RTK positioning accuracy is improved from meter to decimeter level with fixed ambiguity (horizontal?<?2?cm, vertical?<?18?cm). Horizontal accuracy is improved by over 50%, and the vertical accuracies of the results of the static and kinematic experiments are increased by 47% and 27% respectively, compared with the results produced by the classical approach. Though as the baseline becomes longer, the accuracy is weakened, our predictive algorithm is an improvement over existing approaches to overcome the issue of missing data.     

高超声速导弹高空再入减速段弹道优化设计

首先建立了高超声速导弹再入段弹道模型,并将攻角作为控制变量。在满足过载及动压约束条件下,利用惩罚函数将其转化为无约束的弹道优化问题,并采用双切点遗传算法进行优化计算。文中采用两种方法:一种是直接优化攻角,另一种是给定攻角变化规律为二次曲线,优化二次多项式系数。算例表明,两种方法均取得了较好的优化结果,即满足约束条件下得到终端最大速度。但在合理性以及实现性方面,第二种方法优于第一种方法。     

大功率脉冲条件下DUT匹配特性测量

介绍了反射计测量原理,提出了一种构造非对称性双定向耦合器、实现大功率脉冲条件下DUT匹配特性测量的解决方案,指出了此方法的优点,并分析与评定了反射系数测量结果的不确定度。     

CFDP协议中延迟NAK模式的一种改进建议

本文基于CFDP协议中的延迟NAK型可靠传输模式,提出了一种改进建议,并对其进行了数学建模分析。在文件传输时间与吞吐量之间做了一个合理的折衷,建议把整个文件传输分为初次发送与重传两阶段,采用仅对丢失的PDUs连续重传2次的策略,推算了双重传延迟NAK型模式下的平均文件传输时间。通过随机仿真验证了该建议的正确性,仿真结果表明该建议非常适合长距离、高丢包率及链路连接时间短的场景。