近距-1协议在星间测距中的应用

针对近距航天器测距的需要,将CCSDS(空间数据系统咨询委员会)近距-1协议的定时业务与微波双向单程测距法相结合进行测距。该法以直序扩频技术来获得高精度传输帧ASM(附属同步标识)最后1位下降沿的时刻,并以时间码形式,通过帧数据域在测距星之间相互对传,综合考虑协议给出的信号物理特性,对所给出的方法进行了误差分析。分析表明,航天器之间距离不远,相对速度不大时,该法具有较高精度,且与数据通信共用1套设备,降低了成本。     

A novel predictive algorithm for double difference observations of obstructed BeiDou geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellites

Transmission link disturbances and device failure cause global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers to miss observations, leading to poor accuracy in real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning. Previously described solutions for this problem are influenced by the length of the prediction period, or are unable to account for changes in receiver state because they use information from previous epochs to make predictions. We propose an algorithm for predicting double difference (DD) observations of obstructed BeiDou navigation system (BDS) GEO satellites. Our approach adopts the first-degree polynomial function for predicting missing observations. We introduce a Douglas-Peucker algorithm to judge the state of the rover receiver to reduce the impact of predictive biases. Static and kinematic experiments were carried out on BDS observations to evaluate the proposed algorithm. The results of our navigation experiment demonstrate that RTK positioning accuracy is improved from meter to decimeter level with fixed ambiguity (horizontal?<?2?cm, vertical?<?18?cm). Horizontal accuracy is improved by over 50%, and the vertical accuracies of the results of the static and kinematic experiments are increased by 47% and 27% respectively, compared with the results produced by the classical approach. Though as the baseline becomes longer, the accuracy is weakened, our predictive algorithm is an improvement over existing approaches to overcome the issue of missing data.     

高超声速导弹高空再入减速段弹道优化设计

首先建立了高超声速导弹再入段弹道模型,并将攻角作为控制变量。在满足过载及动压约束条件下,利用惩罚函数将其转化为无约束的弹道优化问题,并采用双切点遗传算法进行优化计算。文中采用两种方法:一种是直接优化攻角,另一种是给定攻角变化规律为二次曲线,优化二次多项式系数。算例表明,两种方法均取得了较好的优化结果,即满足约束条件下得到终端最大速度。但在合理性以及实现性方面,第二种方法优于第一种方法。     

大功率脉冲条件下DUT匹配特性测量

介绍了反射计测量原理,提出了一种构造非对称性双定向耦合器、实现大功率脉冲条件下DUT匹配特性测量的解决方案,指出了此方法的优点,并分析与评定了反射系数测量结果的不确定度。     

CFDP协议中延迟NAK模式的一种改进建议

本文基于CFDP协议中的延迟NAK型可靠传输模式,提出了一种改进建议,并对其进行了数学建模分析。在文件传输时间与吞吐量之间做了一个合理的折衷,建议把整个文件传输分为初次发送与重传两阶段,采用仅对丢失的PDUs连续重传2次的策略,推算了双重传延迟NAK型模式下的平均文件传输时间。通过随机仿真验证了该建议的正确性,仿真结果表明该建议非常适合长距离、高丢包率及链路连接时间短的场景。     

火星车自主导航与路径规划技术研究

针对火星车工作任务环境,借鉴国外成功研究经验,给出了火星车自主导航敏感器配置,研究可在实际工程中应用的火星车自主导航与路径规划技术,包括DEM图构建与障碍物检测、全局路径规划、基于立体视觉相机的视觉里程计、多传感器融合位姿确定以及局部路径规划技术,并搭建了实验系统,在实验室内进行了仿真验证。相关研究结果可为我国后续开展火星车自主导航系统研究提供一定的基础。     

径向速率估值的双屏电子篱笆数据关联方法

针对双屏电子篱笆系统在初轨确定前需要完成同一目标观测数据的数据关联问题,文章提出了一种计算形式简单且不依赖于循环迭代定轨计算径向速率的估值方法,并设计了相应的数据关联准则。仿真分析表明,这种数据关联准则与依赖定轨计算径向速率的关联方法相比,判别正确率相近,但计算时间不到后者的10%,算法的效率更高。     

一种新的升力式再入投送系统轨道部署方法

针对天基再入投送系统与传统星座轨道部署问题的不同,建立了用于轨道部署覆盖性能仿真的星下点轨迹、覆盖条带计算模型和覆盖判别条件模型;针对传统部署方法的不均匀性,提出了一种新的升力式再入飞行器全球部署方法。该方法采用双倾角条带覆盖方式克服了传统部署方法的固有缺陷,既实现了全球覆盖又提高了重点区域的覆盖重数。仿真结果表明该部署方法的覆盖性能相对传统方法有明显提高,在满足全球100%覆盖的同时又对重点区域的覆盖重数提高了约20%,覆盖性能优异。     

Effects of dust polarity and nonextensive electrons on the dust-ion acoustic solitons and double layers in earth atmosphere

Propagation of dustion acoustic solitary waves (DIASWs) and double layers is discussed in earth atmosphere, using the Sagdeev potential method. The best model for distribution function of electrons in earth atmosphere is found by fitting available data on different distribution functions. The nonextensive function with parameter $q=0.58$ provides the best fit on observations. Thus we analyze the propagation of localized waves in an unmagnetized plasma containing nonextensive electrons, inertial ions, and negatively/positively charged stationary dust. It is found that both compressive and rarefactive solitons as well as double layers exist depending on the sign (and the value) of dust polarity. Characters of propagated waves are described using the presented model.     

车载高精度里程计辅助捷联惯性组合导航系统设计与实验

GPS导航系统虽然精度高、成本低,但易受到工作环境的限制。针对特殊应用环境(如煤矿)提出了一种可工作于复杂环境下的高精度里程计组合导航系统。经过分析、仿真、实验验证,结果表明在无GNSS信号的情况下,所设计的里程计组合导航系统可完成长时间(>1h)、长距离(300m)且高精度(相对误差仅为0.526%)的导航。