考虑太阳摄动的小行星附近轨道动力学

本文研究了艳后星(216 Kleopatra)和爱神星(433 Eros)附近的周期轨道,在考虑太阳引力摄动的情况下,发现了以往所遗漏的216 Kleopatra轨道族和环绕433 Eros的12族周期轨道,并且给出了它们的特性。研究结果表明,太阳引力对小行星平衡点位置的影响很小,但是对平衡点上航天器运动的影响较大。同族不稳定轨道中,大Jacobi常数轨道更容易在摄动后保持轨道原来特性,这很好地解释了小行星卫星在较远轨道上长期存在的可能性。     

共面圆轨道航天器在轨服务任务规划

为了降低"一对多"在轨服务的成本,以共面圆轨道卫星群为研究对象,开展了在轨服务任务规划问题的研究。首先,对"一对多"在轨服务任务场景进行了分析,建立了任务规划数学模型,将其简化为包含内层Lambert问题、外层最优时间分配问题的双层优化模型。然后,给出了任务规划求解方法及流程,提出采用工程图解法的思想求解内层多圈Lambert问题,采用遗传算法求解外层最优时间分配问题。最后,以三个目标航天器为例,针对限制和不限制在轨服务任务完成总时间这两种情况,采用上述方法进行求解,计算结果验证了方法的有效性。     

地球同步轨道SAR曲线轨迹模型和成像算法研究

由于地球同步轨道合成孔径雷达(GEO SAR)轨道高度高,地球自转对其影响较为严重,其相对地球的运动变得更为复杂,低轨SAR中的直线轨迹模型已不能精确逼近其真实成像几何,基于该模型推导的成像算法也不再适用。针对这一问题,本文首先根据GEO SAR平台的运动特点,使用高阶逼近模型建立了适用于GEO SAR长合成孔径时间的斜距方程,并结合级数反演法,推导出该斜距方程下的二维频谱高阶近似表达式。在此基础上提出了一种二维频域成像算法并分析了其运算量。该算法所有操作都由快速傅里叶变换和相位点乘完成,具有较高的效率。点目标仿真结果表明本文斜距方程精度较高,该算法能实现GEO SAR全孔径高精度成像。     

用于深空探测任务的先进通信与导航体制

介绍了一套用于深空探测的先进通信与导航体制.在综述美国国家航空航天局相关研究进展、讨论这套体制中的关键特征技术的同时,文章利用飞行在地月平动点L3/L4/L5的晕轨道上的中继通信和跟踪卫星,建议了一种超长距离干涉测量(ELBI)技术.探讨了ELBI技术对先进通信与导航体制进行增强的可能性和应用潜力.     

Configuration space and stability analysis of solar sail near-vertical earth-trailing orbits

Regions outside the reach of traditional propulsion systems or the ones that require significant propellant, may be reached by harnessing the solar radiation pressure and leveraging coupled dynamics to maneuver a sail-based spacecraft. Earth-trailing orbits have recently been investigated for getting a unique perspective of the Sun while maintaining the spacecraft in close proximity to Earth. Vertical orbits trailing the Earth exhibit the additional capability to view the Sun from above and below the ecliptic plane. In this work, families of sail-based orbits are explored for varying Earth-trailing angles and Z amplitudes in the Sun-Earth circular restricted three-body problem. Optimization is carried out to ensure that the non-traditional vertical orbits exhibit a constant pitch angle control history, as well as symmetry across the X-Y plane. The stability of the resulting orbit families is assessed using an extension of Flouquet theory to Differential Algebraic Equations. Results indicate that sail-based Earth-trailing vertical orbits can be more stable than traditional sub-L₁ sail-based vertical orbits.     

一种适用于平动点周期轨道初值计算的简化路径搜索修正法

在限制性三体问题中,路径搜索修正法是一种基于平动点周期轨道垂直穿越Poincare截面的几何对称性计算平面及空间平动点周期轨道近似初值的方法.采用路径搜索修正法的一种简化形式,在圆形限制性三体模型中,对地月系中几种典型的平面及空间周期轨道近似初值进行了计算.结果表明,该简化方法得到的周期轨道近似初值不唯一,由近似初值经微分修正得到的精确结果中通常同时存在Halo轨道和大幅值逆行轨道（DRO）.进一步分析表明,在某些临界初值下,精确结果中Halo轨道将消失,同时可能出现平面Lyapunov轨道及Vertical轨道.上述计算中,搜索初值与结果中轨道类型的对应关系值得进一步研究.      

圆型限制性三体问题相对运动解析研究

针对圆型限制性三体问题共线平动点附近周期/拟周期轨道下的相对运动问题,提出一种新的、通用的解析研究方法。在周期/拟周期轨道近似解析解的基础上,结合微分修正方法,获得了精确的周期/拟周期轨道。对周期/拟周期轨道的单值矩阵进行分析,同时借鉴Floquet理论核心思想,建立了六个相对运动模态,并将相对运动表示为六个相对运动模态的线性组合,获得了相对运动的近似解析解。最后在地-月系统圆型限制性三体问题下,以L1点作为研究对象,分别以Halo轨道、Lissajous轨道和Lyapunov轨道为参考轨道,对相对运动模态和相对运动进行仿真分析,说明了相对运动模态的正确性以及相对运动近似解析解的有效性。     

The Investigation of Possible Approaches of Cataloged Space Objects to Manned Spacecraft

Initial orbital parameter errors are used to examine the miss distance between a spacecraft and an ensemble of tracked objects by a Monte Carlo-type analysis. The radial separation between orbits is evaluated and a keep-out zone is determined, which reduces the risk of collision to an acceptable level.An operational prediction methodology is suggested based on a catalog database, which identifies potentially hazardous approaches and computes the probability of collision for selected spacecraft. An example for the Mir Space Station is presented, which estimates the collision probability and the cross-sectional flux of cataloged objects for the time frame of interest. The results appear to be in good agreement with those of other space debris models.     

Gravity field models from kinematic orbits of CHAMP,GRACE and GOCE satellites

The aim of our work is to generate Earth’s gravity field models from GPS positions of low Earth orbiters. Our inversion method is based on Newton’s second law, which relates the observed acceleration of the satellite with forces acting on it. The observed acceleration is obtained as numerical second derivative of kinematic positions. Observation equations are formulated using the gradient of the spherical harmonic expansion of the geopotential. Other forces are either modelled (lunisolar perturbations, tides) or provided by onboard measurements (nongravitational perturbations). From this linear regression model the geopotential harmonic coefficients are obtained.     

Space debris mitigation in geosynchronous orbit

In order to preserve the geosynchronous region, the Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee (IADC) proposed and endorsed a re-orbiting strategy for spacecraft at the end-of-life: they should be disposed above the synchronous altitude and passivated, to reduce the risk of inadvertent explosions. The recommended perigee altitude of the disposal orbit took into account all relevant perturbations and was a function of the expected perturbing acceleration induced by solar radiation pressure. It was intended to prevent any further interference with a properly defined geostationary protected region.