航天器开普勒轨道和非开普勒轨道的定义、分类及控制

给出了航天器开普勒轨道（KO）和非开普勒轨道（NKO）的来源、定义、分类和特点,阐明了KO和NKO之间的关系,介绍了相关的轨道控制与轨道确定、制导与导航的涵义.     

波箔型径向气体箔片轴承-转子系统升降速动态特性试验

为了研究以波箔型径向气体箔片轴承为支承的轴承-转子系统动力学特性,专门设计了波箔型径向气体箔片轴承试验台,质量为0.458kg的转子在该试验台上实现了超过80000r/min的运转速度.径向轴承为波箔型径向气体箔片轴承,止推轴承为多叶箔片轴承.试验结果表明:波箔型径向气体箔片轴承能够实现转子高速运行,在转子起飞后具有良好的运行稳定性,其轴承支承处振动位移幅值一直维持在20μm之内.由于驱动涡轮受到不平衡气流力的作用,转轴升速时的起飞转速要高于降速时的起飞转速.      

基于混杂系统的空间飞行器悬停控制

基于空间飞行器的轨道动力学原理,利用混杂系统模型研究了悬停轨道问题,建立了悬停轨道的混杂系统模型;借此模型,针对目标星轨道为椭圆的情况,提出了等距离悬停轨道控制和椭圆悬停轨道控制两种方案,分别推导出在这两种方案下对悬停星所施加的控制力。数值仿真结果表明,分别对悬停星施加相应的控制力,能够实现对目标星的悬停。     

Metallic and Oxidized Aluminum Debris Impacting the Trailing Edge of the Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF)

A total of 87 microcraters >30 m in diameter that were found in gold substrates exposed on the trailing edge of the non-spinning Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) yielded analyzable projectile residues in their interiors. Using qualitative SEM-EDS analysis methods, some 60 of these craters were formed by natural cosmic-dust particles, while 27 residues (31%) were assigned to orbital debris (Hörz et al., 1993). The far majority of the orbital-debris impacts, 24 (89%) of the 27 events, contained only aluminum in their X-ray spectra. The present study evaluates these aluminum-rich residues in detail and employs a windowless X-ray detector, which permits for the analysis of low-Z elements and specifically of oxygen. This makes it possible to discriminate between oxidized (Al₂O₃) and metallic (Al) projectiles from dramatically different sources, the former produced during solid-fuel rocket firings, the latter resulting from explosively or collisionally disrupted spacecraft.Of the 24 craters analyzed with the windowless detector, 13 (54%) contained Al₂O₃ and 11 (46%) yielded structurally disintegrated Al metal. The oxidized residues preferentially occur in the smaller craters, all <60 m in diameter. Corresponding particles on LDEF's trailing edge are <35 m in diameter. Some 70% of this particle population is composed of Al₂O₃. Although solid-fuel rocket exhaust products are typically <5 m in size, they tend to coagulate into crusts at the rocket nozzle to be shed occasionally as relatively large, aggregate particles. Structurally disintegrated, metallic fragments compose one-third of all particles <35 m, but they dominate all particles >35 m, and thus all craters >60 m. These findings clearly establish that solid-rocket exhaust particles, as well as explosively or collisionally produced debris, exist in low-inclination, high-eccentricity orbits in sufficient quantities that they must be accounted for in models describing the present and future orbital-debris population at typical Shuttle and Space Station altitudes.     

圆轨道欠驱动航天器编队重构脉冲控制

针对圆轨道径向或迹向欠驱动航天器编队重构控制问题,提出了欠驱动脉冲控制方法。首先,基于圆轨道欠驱动航天器相对运动动力学模型,分析了两类欠驱动条件下的系统可控性和重构可行性。然后,解析推导了两类欠驱动条件下实现重构所需的最少脉冲次数以及对应的速度增量消耗。最后,设计数值仿真算例,验证了本文提出的欠驱动脉冲控制方法的正确性。仿真结果表明:径向和迹向欠驱动条件下均可实现圆轨道编队重构。与全驱动控制方法相比,欠驱动控制方法可有效避免由推力器故障引起的重构任务失效,故而提高了控制系统的灵活性与可靠性。     

空间太阳电池板银互连片原子氧效应模拟试验

空间太阳电池板可作为空间飞行器的动力源,但由于原子氧在空间太阳电池板银互连片上的腐蚀作用,可能影响空间太阳电池板的有效寿命.因此,在北航流体所设计的原子氧效应地面模拟试验设备中,对空间太阳电池板的银互连片进行了抗原子氧效应地面模拟试验研究.获得了银箔和不同防护镀层材料在原子氧环境中的不同剥蚀结果,这为进行银互连片表面的原子氧防护提供了必要的应用和设计依据.     

Two-dimensional phase plane structure and the stability of the orbital motion for space debris in the geosynchronous ring

Based on the orbital resonance model, we study the two-dimensional phase plane structure of the motion of space debris orbiting the geosynchronous ring under the combined effects of the tesseral harmonics J₂₂, J₃₁ and J₃₃ of the Earth’s gravitational field. We present the main characteristic parameters of the two-dimensional phase plane structure. We also analyze the stability of the two-dimensional phase plane structure with numerical method. Our main findings indicate that the combined effects of the tesseral harmonics J₂₂, J₃₁ and J₃₃ fully determine the two-dimensional phase plane structure of the space debris, and it remains robust under the effect of the Earth’s actual gravitational field, the luni-solar perturbations and the solar radiation pressure with the normal area-to-mass ratios.     

Semi-analytical investigations of the long term evolution of the eccentricity of Galileo and GPS-like orbits

This paper aims at investigating the stability over 150 years of a very large number of trajectories in the Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) region, near the orbits devoted to radionavigation such as the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS like GPS, Glonass, Galileo, COMPASS).