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81.
利用氩气作为保护气体,以 Ni-Cr合金粉末做钎料,适当控制钎焊温度、保温时间和冷却速度,实现了金刚石与钢基体的牢固的化学冶金结合。利用扫描电镜和 X射线能谱,结合 X射线衍射结构分析,发现在钎焊过程中 Ni-Cr合金中的 Cr元素分离在金刚石界面形成富 Cr层并与金刚石表面的 C元素反应生成Cr3C2 和 Cr7C3,在钢基体结合界面上 Ni-Cr合金和钢基体中的元素相互扩散形成冶金结合,这是实现合金层与金刚石及钢基体之间都有较高结合强度的主要因素。并通过重负荷磨削实验进行验证取得较好的结果。 相似文献
82.
In the present phase of the solar cycle no big transients leading to strong modulation had been observed after 1991. Apart from a few minor disturbances cosmic rays were still recovering to a new intensity maximum. It was suggested, therefore, that existing literature from previous cycles should be critically reviewed. The scene was set by the introductory papers on— phenomenology of cosmic ray modulation in successive solar cycles throughout the heliosphere— the present state of models for long term modulation and their shortcomings— the relation between cosmic ray variations and the magnitude of the interplanetary magnetic field (the CR-B-relation)— charge dependent effects.In the discussions, the study of propagating diffusive disturbances and the CR-B-relation played a central role. The difference was stressed between isolated transient disturbances in the inner solar system (Forbush decreases), and the long lasting, step-like decreases caused by merged interaction regions in the outer heliosphere. The recovery rates following the step-like decreases vary with the phase in the 22-year solar cycle. In some cases this requires a modification of existing drift models. In the outer heliosphere, the CR-B-relation leads to the result 1/ between the diffusion coefficient and the field magnitude . This simple result is a challenge for theoreticians to derive the perpendicular diffusion coefficient fromfirst principles. The three articles in this report essentially follow the list of open points and arguments just presented.The article "Observations and Simple Models" is organised around the model of a propagating diffusive barrier, its application to Forbush effects in the inner heliosphere and to decreases caused by merged interaction regions in the outer heliosphere. Acomparison of observed Forbush decreases with model predictions requires a careful separation of the two steps related to the turbulent region behind the shock front and the closed magnetic field regions of the ejecta (the interplanetary counterparts of coronal mass ejections). It is shown that models for propagating disturbances can be used to derive values of the diffusion coefficients phenomenologically, not only during the disturbance, but also in the ambient medium.The "Modeling of Merged Interaction Regions" summarizes the dynamic and time-dependent process of cosmic ray modulation in the heliosphere. Numerical models with only a time-dependent neutral sheet prove to be successful when moderate to low solar activity occurs but fail to describe large and discrete steps in modulated cosmic rays when solar activity is high. To explain this feature of heliospheric modulation, the concept of global merged interaction regions is required. The com-bination of gradient, curvature and neutral sheet drifts with these global merged interaction regions has so far been the most successful approach in explaining the 11-year and 22-year cycles in the long-term modulation of cosmic rays.The "Remarks on the Diffusion Tensor in the Heliosphere" describe available theories of perpen-dicular diffusion and drift, and discuss their relevance to cosmic rays in the heliosphere. In addition, the information about diffusion coefficients and spatial gradients obtained from the analysis of steady state anisotropies at neutron monitor energies is summarized. These topics are intimately related to the other two articles. They are also part of the general discussion about the "Diffusion Tensor throughout the Heliosphere" which played an important role in all working groups. 相似文献
83.
用于钛合金胶接的碱性阳极化处理方法的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
研究了5种碱性阳极化表面处理方法对TC4钛合金与SY-14环氧胶粘剂形成的胶接接头耐久性.通过搭接剪切试样在55℃,95%RH环境中的强度变化及楔子试验评价了各种表面处理方法,并采用SEM与XPS方法分析了各种方法处理后钛合金的表面形貌与成分.结果表明,这类碱性阳极化方法均可以在不同程度上改善TC4钛合金与环氧胶接接头的耐久性. 相似文献
84.
王继刚%郭全贵%刘朗%翟更太%宋进仁 《宇航材料工艺》2002,32(1):38-41
以酚醛树脂(PF)为基体原料,以含B、Si的陶瓷为改性填料制备高温粘结剂并对石墨材料进行粘接。结果表明,高温粘结剂对石墨材料具有较为理想的粘接性能,陶瓷填料有效改善了高温处理后接头的体积收缩现象,并在粘接界面处形成了较强的化学键合力。 相似文献
85.
双合金热等静压复合工艺研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
主要探索采用双合金热等静压扩散连接工艺实现高温合金粉末和DD3单晶合金间可靠连接的可行性。研究内容包括热等静压(HIP)扩散连接温度及热处理对FGH95—DD3复合界面的成分扩散、界面组织以及叶片材料本身组织性能的影响。研究表明,通过合理的工艺选择与改进,可以在保证对偶材料性能满足要求的前提下实现界面的良好扩散与结合。 相似文献
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89.
用合金化的Ag-Cu-Ti粉及S iC粉组成的混合粉末钎料,真空无压钎焊S iC陶瓷和Ti合金。研究结果表明,在Ag-Cu-Ti粉末钎料中加入15vol%~30vol%S iC粉末能明显降低接头热应力,获得完整的S iC颗粒增强的复合接头。加入的S iC颗粒、S iC陶瓷母材均与连接层中的Ti起反应,形成表面反应层Ti3S iC2及分布于Ag-Cu-Ti合金中的Ti-S i化合物,随S iC颗粒增加,反应层变薄。连接层中的Cu元素与连接的Ti合金相互扩散,形成Cu-Ti相界面扩散带。 相似文献
90.
设计了压紧力装置,在普通空气炉中实现了转子及滑靴组件扩散焊连接;分别针对圆周面对接和端面对接两种结构的铜合金(ZCuSn10Pb2Ni3)和结构钢(30Cr3MoA)扩散焊工艺进行了研究,试验分析了压紧力、扩散焊温度及保温时间等参数对接头性能的影响,并得到了可获得牢固接头的扩散焊工艺参数。 相似文献