双级轴向涡流器文氏管长度对流场和喷雾特性影响

为了研究双级轴向涡流器文氏管长度对流场和喷雾特性的影响,通过数值计算和试验分别研究了4种文氏管长度的双级轴向涡流器方案的下游流场和匹配喷嘴的雾化特性。结果表明:随着文氏管无量纲长度由0.23增加至0.49,一级涡流器流量系数由0.98降至0.7,二级涡流器的流量系数保持0.75不变,涡流器出口旋流数由0.08增至0.48,旋流扩张角由闭合状态增至约90°,涡流器下游流场由反转回流区变为传统回流区。文氏管长度最短的方案的索太尔平均直径(SMD)和喷雾锥角受涡流器压降的影响较小,而其他方案的SMD和喷雾锥角受涡流器压降影响较大,且在相同涡流器压降和油压下,SMD和喷雾锥角随着文氏管长度增加而增大。      

双层壁冷却结构中多排射流冲击冷却的换热和流阻特性

采用稳态热敏液晶技术对双层壁冷却结构中的多排（包括顺排和叉排）射流冲击冷却结构进行了风洞实验,同时结合数值模拟的方法,对两种射流冲击冷却结构的传热和流阻特性的差异进行了研究。实验结果表明:流量系数和冲击靶板上的努塞尔数均随着雷诺数的增大而增大,而冲击孔的排布方式对面平均努塞尔数的影响较小,但是叉排结构的流量系数高于顺排结构,且冲击靶板上换热更加均匀。数值结果显示冲击靶板中心区域的流量分配和换热均随着冲击距离的增大而增大;而在下游区域内恰好与之相反。      

高温气冷堆核电站主氦风机驱动电机绝缘系统评定技术研究

设计了一套在0.1 MPa氦气和空气环境下测试绝缘系统电气绝缘性能的试验装置,完成了0.1 MPa气压下氦气和空气中主氦风机驱动电机绝缘系统模型的局部放电起始电压(PDIV)、起晕电压、匝间冲击、绝缘电阻和工频击穿电压对比试验。试验结果表明:在0.1 MPa气压下,绝缘系统在氦气环境下的部分绝缘性能较空气中大幅下降,氦气环境下绝缘系统的PDIV值约为空气中的50%,起晕电压值约为空气中的20%~25%, 闪络(击穿)电压约为空气中的50%。     

Experimental study of an anti-icing method over an airfoil based on pulsed dielectric barrier discharge plasma

Aircraft icing has long been a plague to aviation for its serious threat to flight safety. Even though lots of methods for anti-icing have been in use or studied for quite a long time, new methods are still in great demand for both civil and military aircraft. The current study in this paper uses widely used Dielectric Barrier Discharge(DBD) plasma actuation to anti-ice on a NACA0012 airfoil model with a chord length of 53.5 cm in a closed-circuit icing wind tunnel. An actuator was installed at the leading edge of the airfoil model, and actuated by a pulsed low-temperature plasma power source. The actuator has two types of layout, a striped electrode layout and a meshy electrode layout.The ice accretion process or anti-icing process was recorded by a CCD camera and an infrared camera. Instantaneous pictures and infrared contours show that both types of DBD plasma actuators have the ability for anti-ice under a freestream velocity of 90 m/s, a static temperature of -7℃,an Median Volume droplet Diameter(MVD) of 20 lm, and an Liquid Water Content(LWC) of 0.5 g/m~3. The detected variations of temperatures with time at specific locations reveal that the temperatures oscillate for some time after spraying at first, and then tend to be nearly constant values.This shows that the key point of the anti-icing mechanism with DBD plasma actuation is to achieve a thermal equilibrium on the model surface. Besides, the power consumption in the anti-icing process was estimated in this paper by Lissajous figures measured by an oscilloscope, and it is lower than those of existing anti-icing methods. The experimental results presented in this paper indicate that the DBD plasma anti-icing method is a promising technique in the future.     

某涡轮叶片热障涂层的寿命预测方法

基于NASA发展的CoatLife软件中推荐的应力 寿命建模方法,研究了某涡轮叶片热障涂层寿命预测方法。通过在寿命模型中引入氧化增质量,并考虑氧化动力学,实现了寿命模型与高温氧化效应的关联。由于寿命模型中的疲劳强度系数是时间和半径的函数,从而可以应用于实际结构中的不同几何形状,并考虑了时间相关的退化效应。计算结果表明,随着最高温度或疲劳强度系数的增加,涂层的循环寿命和时间寿命均会减少。通过对某涡轮叶片在设计温度场下的涂层寿命预测结果表明,循环时间为1h条件下叶片前缘1/2叶高处涂层剥落寿命大约336 h,与实际叶片涂层失效在300~400h之间吻合。      

Cr对ZrO2/Ni热障涂层界面结合的影响

热障涂层广泛用于航空、航天领域,涂层与基体的界面结合强弱是决定涂层寿命的一个关键因素.为了提高其使用寿命,必须要求涂层与基体的界面有较好的结合.利用密度泛函理论框架下的第一性原理离散变分(DV)方法研究了ZrO₂Ni热障涂层界面的能量学和电子结构,讨论了替位型掺杂的Cr在ZrO₂Ni热障涂层界面中的作用.结果表明:Cr容易偏聚于界面处(偏聚能达6.03eV),Cr使得体系结合能增加,体系更稳定,有利于界面的结合;界面处原子电荷占据数和电荷密度计算表明:加入Cr后跨界面方向的电荷密度增加,同时也使得界面内电荷密度增加,这有利于跨界面方向的以及沿界面方向的成键,从而加强了涂层与基体材料的结合.     

Characteristics of pulsed plasma synthetic jet and its control effect on supersonic flow

The plasma synthetic jet is a novel flow control approach which is currently being studied. In this paper its characteristic and control effect on supersonic flow is investigated both experimentally and numerically. In the experiment, the formation of plasma synthetic jet and its propagation velocity in quiescent air are recorded and calculated with time resolved schlieren method. The jet velocity is up to 100 m/s and no remarkable difference has been found after changing discharge parameters. When applied in Mach 2 supersonic flow, an obvious shockwave can be observed. In the modeling of electrical heating, the arc domain is not defined as an initial condition with fixed temperature or pressure, but a source term with time-varying input power density, which is expected to better describe the influence of heating process. Velocity variation with different heating efficiencies is presented and discussed and a peak velocity of 850 m/s is achieved in still air with heating power density of 5.0 · 1012W/m3. For more details on the interaction between plasma synthetic jet and supersonic flow, the plasma synthetic jet induced shockwave and the disturbances in the boundary layer are numerically researched. All the results have demonstrated the control authority of plasma synthetic jet onto supersonic flow.     

介质加载角锥喇叭的理论研究

提出了一种尖劈形介质加载喇叭模型。作了理论分析和实验验证,均表明加载介质确有展宽普通喇叭E 面方向图主瓣、降低副瓣的改善效果,副瓣电平能压低到25dB 以下。得到了一种结构简单而高效的喇叭馈源。     

APS热障涂层氧化动力方程适用性实验

使用实验的方法研究了大气等离子喷涂(APS)热障涂层在4种不同高温环境下的氧化层生长规律, 并且使用目前常见的两种氧化层生长动力学曲线方程拟合了涂层氧化的实验数据, 分别得到了相应的方程特征参数值.研究结果表明:APS热障涂层在所研究的4种温度下的动力学曲线形式上是一致的;抛物线形式的动力学方程只能描述较高温度下的氧化层生长规律, 而幂函数形式的动力学方程对氧化温度的适应能力比较强, 能很好的描述在所研究的4种温度下APS热障涂层的生长规律.      

超声-电解复合微细加工阴极制作工艺研究

介绍超声-电解复合微细加工原理,分析微细阴极工作特点及制作难点,提出微细组合放电加工制作阴极的方法;利用精密电加工设备,通过＂联动复合进给＂、＂内、外面转换＂及＂平动与拷贝＂式微细放电,制作多种截形的微细阴极;进行超声-电解复合微细加工试验,阴极可满足使用要求.