深空大规模天线阵布局优化方法研究

由大量廉价的小型反射面天线组成阵列对航天器进行跟踪通信是未来深空测控网发展 的一条新思路。提出一种改进的遗传算法对大规模小天线阵列地理布局进行优化,提高天线 阵列的测控性能。首先分析了布局优化的约束条件,然后以最小化旁瓣电平为目标,建立了 优化模型。分析了Kogan梯度算法和常规遗传算法的局限性,最后给出了改进遗传算法的优 化流程。仿真结果表明,改进的遗传算法不但具有高的优化效率,还可应用于阵列布局的多 目标优化。
     

反射面天线机电耦合分析及实验验证

针对反射面天线分析设计中存在的机电分离问题,使用结构分析软件得到天线面板的 结构变形,将变形转化为相位差引入天线远区电场公式中。通过推导的网格转换矩阵,在结 构网格的基础上完成天线远区电场的计算。同时根据半功率波瓣宽度预估方向图的离散精度 。利用某3.7米卡氏通信天线进行了验证实验,试验结果表明本文方法是正确有效的。与软 件集成的分析方法相比,该方法不但电磁分析精度较高,而且分析时间更短。
     

DOA estimation for attitude determination on communication satellites

In order to determine an appropriate attitude of three-axis stabilized communication satellites, this paper describes a novel attitude determination method using direction of arrival （DOA） estimation of a ground signal source. It differs from optical measurement, magnetic field measurement, inertial measurement, and global positioning system （GPS） attitude determination. The proposed method is characterized by taking the ground signal source as the attitude reference and acquiring attitude information from DOA estimation. Firstly, an attitude measurement equation with DOA estimation is derived in detail. Then, the error of the measurement equation is analyzed. Finally, an attitude determination algorithm is presented using a dynamic model, the attitude measurement equation, and measurement errors. A developing low Earth orbit （LEO） satellite which tests mobile communication technology with smart antennas can be stabilized in three axes by corporately using a magnetometer, reaction wheels, and three-axis magnetorquer rods. Based on the communication satellite, simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. The method could be a backup of attitude determination to prevent a system failure on the satellite. Its precision depends on the number of snapshots and the input signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） with DOA estimation.     

大型网状天线展开过程温度及展开时机分析

大型网状天线在轨展开过程复杂,风险大。反射器在展开过程中的温度影响展开动力与碳纤维管件抗弯能力,是反射器展开安全的关键因素。通过测试得到反射器展开动力的传动效率、桁架管件抗弯能力随温度变化规律,即-65℃时管件抗弯能力最好,而传动效率随温度升高而提高。通过建立大型网状天线有限元模型与节点矩阵转换算法,模拟展开臂与反射器的展开过程,对管件与T型铰链在轨温度变化规律进行分析,确定最佳展开时机,降低展开过程中展开动力不足、管件强度过载等风险。分析结果表明：布置在地球静止轨道卫星东舱板的大型网状天线展开时机为6:00~9:00时,管件抗弯能力最强;展开时机为4:00时,T型铰链展开动力传动效率最高。     

基于基线长度加权的GNSS多天线姿态测量方法

GNSS可用于获取动态载体的姿态信息，为提高其姿态测量精度，提出一种基于基线长度信息对最小二乘姿态解算方法进行加权处理，改进了最小二乘姿态解算方法，同时通过船载实验验证了该方法的可用性。实验结果表明：在船载动态实验中，当基线长度存在明显差异时，加权最小二乘法较等权最小二乘法在精度上明显提高，其中横滚角的精度提高了13 %。     

刚性基体高应变复合材料在空间可展结构中的应用及发展

梳理了空间可展结构的分类及发展趋势，从铰接可展结构-带簧铰链、杆状可展结构、面状可展结构及体可展结构四个方面调研了刚性基体高应变复合材料在空间可展结构中的应用现状，从力学和黏弹性特性方面提出了其在可展结构中的应用优势及需要考虑的问题。高模量、低密度、低膨胀系数的刚性基体高应变复合材料是空间可展结构的应用方向，而刚性基体高应变复合材料可展结构的设计方法，以及将其用于大尺寸可展结构的低成本和高精度制造工艺仍有很大的探索空间。     

Parameter optimization for torsion spring of deployable solar array system with multiple clearance joints considering rigid–flexible coupling dynamics

In this paper, four novel evaluation indices and corresponding hierarchical optimization strategies are proposed for a deployable solar array system considering panel flexibility and joint clearance. The deployable solar array model consists of a rigid main-body, two panels and four key mechanisms, containing torsion spring mechanism, closed cable loop mechanism, latch mechanism and attitude adjustment mechanism. Rigid and flexible components are established by Nodal Coordinate Formulation and A...