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231.
火箭发动机基于神经网络非线性辨识的故障检测 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
应用神经网络方法,提出了一种液体火箭发动机故障实时检测算法。神经网络采用非线性辨识技术贴近发动机的工作过程,并输出包合发动机故障信息的辨识误差信号。若辨识误差变大超过一定阈值,检测逻辑就预报发动机故障。在发动机启动阶段离线训练神经网络,在发动机稳态过程可以采用离线或在线学习算法。实验研究表明神经网络可以成功地应用于大型泵压式液体火箭发动机的故障检测。 相似文献
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233.
Conflict Detection and Resolution(CDR) is the key to ensure aviation safety based on Trajectory Prediction(TP). Uncertainties that affect aircraft motions cause difficulty in an accurate prediction of the trajectory, especially in the context of four-dimensional(4D) Trajectory-Based Operation(4DTBO), which brings the uncertainty of pilot intent. This study draws on the idea of time geography, and turns the research focus of CDR from TP to an analysis of the aircraft reachable space constrained by 4D waypoint constraints. The concepts of space–time reachability of aircraft and space–time potential conflict space are proposed. A novel pre-CDR scheme for multiple aircraft is established. A key advantage of the scheme is that the uncertainty of pilot intent is accounted for via a Space-Time Prism(STP) for aircraft. Conflict detection is performed by verifying whether the STPs of aircraft intersect or not, and conflict resolution is performed by planning a conflict-free space–time trajectory avoiding intersection. Numerical examples are presented to validate the efficiency of the proposed scheme. 相似文献
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235.
针对高超声速滑翔飞行器再入过程中面对的多约束问题,提出一种基于虚拟多触角探测的路航点规划机动制导策略。该机动制导策略通过飞行器最大转弯轨迹计算速度-剩余地面距离-航向角约束,在分段定点模式中发出多条粗略预测触角,引用触角末端反馈的信息计算优先级以确定临时路航点;同时在机动制导模式中发出精细探测触角,计算触角末端信息优先级,经倾侧角延时滤波器得出控制指令,对飞行器进行机动制导。基于多触角探测的路航点规划机动制导策略,降低了三触角机动制导方法中的计算时间;同时,4种典型禁飞区条件下的仿真结果表明,该策略能够有效稳定地解决机动制导过程中的多约束问题。 相似文献
236.
《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2019,63(11):3721-3737
Impact craters are among the most noticeable geomorphological features on the planetary surface and yield significant information about terrain evolution and the history of the solar system. Thus, the recognition of impact craters is an important branch of modern planetary studies. Aiming at addressing problems associated with the insufficient and inaccurate detection of lunar impact craters, a decision fusion method within the Bayesian network (BN) framework is developed in this paper to handle multi-source information from both optical images and associated digital elevation model (DEM) data. First, we implement the edge-based method for efficiently searching crater candidates which are the image patches that can potentially contain impact craters. Secondly, the multi-source representations of an impact crater derived from both optical images and DEM data are proposed and constructed to quantitatively describe the two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) morphology, consisting of Histogram of Oriented Gradient (HOG), Histogram of Multi-scale Slope (HMS) and Histogram of Multi-scale Aspect (HMA). Finally, a BN-based framework integrates the multi-source representations of impact craters, which can provide reductant and complementary information, for distinguishing craters from non-craters. To evaluate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method, experiments were conducted on three lunar scenes using both orthoimages from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) and DEM data acquired by the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA). Experimental results demonstrate that integrating optical images with DEM data significantly decreases the number of false positives compared with using optical images alone, with F1-score of 84.8% on average. Moreover, compared with other existing fusion methods, our proposed method was quite advantageous especially for the detection of small-scale craters with diameters less than 1000 m. 相似文献
237.
《中国航空学报》2022,35(10):254-264
Skin defect inspection is one of the most significant tasks in the conventional process of aircraft inspection. This paper proposes a vision-based method of pixel-level defect detection, which is based on the Mask Scoring R-CNN. First, an attention mechanism and a feature fusion module are introduced, to improve feature representation. Second, a new classifier head—consisting of four convolutional layers and a fully connected layer—is proposed, to reduce the influence of information around the area of the defect. Third, to evaluate the proposed method, a dataset of aircraft skin defects was constructed, containing 276 images with a resolution of 960 × 720 pixels. Experimental results show that the proposed classifier head improves the detection and segmentation accuracy, for aircraft skin defect inspection, more effectively than the attention mechanism and feature fusion module. Compared with the Mask R-CNN and Mask Scoring R-CNN, the proposed method increased the segmentation precision by approximately 21% and 19.59%, respectively. These results demonstrate that the proposed method performs favorably against the other two methods of pixel-level aircraft skin defect detection. 相似文献
238.
沈祖炜 《中国空间科学技术》1996,16(5)
介绍探测复合材料层板基体裂纹的三种实验技术:声波发射探测,超声波C扫描和复制带记录。在试验各阶段,应充分利用每种试验方法的优点,使每个试件比常规试验获取更多的试验数据,包括声波发射探测响应图,超声波对整个试件宽度扫描成像,以及沿着试件侧面厚度上的复制带获取图像。最初由声波发射显示试件加载期间基体裂纹的开始形成,通过超声波扫描能清晰分辨出第一条基体裂纹的出现;随着基体裂纹的发展,可综合应用三种实验技术,确定对基体断裂的评估。根据试验结果,对这三种实验技术作了评价。 相似文献
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240.
通过推进系统外部可测的姿态信息,利用强跟踪滤波器和多模预报估计器,研究了一类非线性系统常值阶跃型故障和间歇性故障的检测与分离问题。对关机失效,利用强跟踪滤波器获得故障效应的估计,检测逻辑采用改进的贝叶斯分类方法,依据推力器失效效应的方向性进行故障单元的分离;对开机失效,采用多模预报,根据相应残差向量范数的比较进行故障的即时无阈值判别,同时完成了故障后系统状态的重构问题。以一类大型航天器的反作用姿态控制系统为例,对其中出现的推力器失效进行了故障识别仿真研究,表明所提方法是有效的。 相似文献