枞树形榫连结构接触应力的有限元分析及建模研究

采用有限元法对赫兹接触问题进行了分析,计算结果同解析解吻合很好,进而明确了有限元法求解接触问题的一般流程及难点。以某发动机涡轮盘三齿枞树形榫齿,榫槽连接结构作为研究对象,分析其接触应力。计算结果表明,接触区边缘存在较高的应力梯度,接触应力的有限元解同网格疏密度密切相关。通过建立一系列不同密度网格模型开展了有限元建模研究。以改善接触应力的求解精度．同时得出了一些具有工程指导意义的结论。     

频域波束合成的深空宽带阵列信号处理

深空通信已进入了高速率传输的时代. 借助于射电天文中的小口径天线组阵思想,深空阵列网络因其优越的性价比, 已成为深空网络高速数据传输的最终解决途径.基于FX型相关器, 提出了一种集阵列信号合成、相关处理为一体的频域波束合成器架构和方法. 该架构和方法具有很强的鲁棒性和灵活性, 并可支持多任务探测. 同时,介绍了分析-综合滤波、阵列信号相干合成和自适应可变分数时延等信号处理关键技术.      

深空通信中的一种级联编码调制及其迭代接收

在深空通信中,由于通信距离大幅增加,通信信号的自由空间传播损耗很大,提高系统的功率利用效率是深空通信系统设计需要考虑的重要问题之一。提出了基于LDPC码和FQPSK调制的级联编码调制体制,首先提出该编码调制体制的系统模型,通过修改相应的算法给出适合FQPSK的迭代解调解码算法,通过计算机仿真分析了该体制的误码率性能。研究结果表明：该体制利用FQPSK的恒包络特性克服信道非线性问题并使功放工作在饱和区,利用LDPC码实现低信噪比通信,同时在接收端通过迭代解调解码获得增益,从而能够缓解深空通信中由于传输距离过远而带来的极低信噪比通信问题。     

基于控制理论方法的翼型最大升力优化设计

使用控制理论方法建立了对翼型最大升力优化设计的模型.并且在给定约束力矩系数和约束翼型面积条件下对GAW-1低速高升力翼型进行了最大升力状态实例优化设计,验证了使用粘性伴随方法建立的以翼型最大升力为目标的多约束优化模型的有效性。     

基于改进SSD算法的航拍目标检测算法研究

研究基于深度学习技术的无人机航拍图像目标检测算法,首先介绍目标检测算法SSD(Single Shot MultiBox Detector),并对其特征提取网络进行改进,采用稠密特征提取网络替换原网络的主干特征提取网络,提高算法的特征提取能力,从而提升了算法的检测精度。针对网络实时性问题,在算法中引入分组卷积,极大地减少了网络参数量,提升了网络推理速度。为解决训练中出现的正负样本不均衡问题,利用焦点损失（Focal Loss）改进了原算法的损失函数,进一步提升了网络的收敛速度和精度。最后,通过仿真验证了改进算法在目标检测精度上的优越性。     

基于偏微分方程的卡通-纹理图像分解方法

Luminita A. Vese和Stanley J.Osher基于总变差最小化及Yves Meyer提出的振荡函数空间理论提出了卡通-纹理图像分解模型,直接从Vese-Osher模型的偏微分方程出发进行改进,重新选取了方程中的扩散系数,对不同类型的含纹理图像,通过对扩散系数的调整,有效地保护卡通部分的边缘,更好地提取纹理特征,从而达到提高图像分解质量的目的.     

速度梯度对圆柱探针测量的影响及修正

圆柱探针在测量有横向速度梯度的流场时,会得出偏离真实值的结果.通过数值与实验研究,发现此影响主要为对来流方向的测量偏差,与真实值的差异为向低速区的一个偏差角;另外一个影响是使测得的速度值偏大一点.通过详细的数值模拟得出了偏差角及速度大小与来流速度梯度之间的关系,并在实验中得到了验证.最后将此修正方法用于叶栅实验测量数据,得到了较好的修正效果.      

Encounter trajectories for deep space mission ASTER to the triple near Earth asteroid 2001-SN263. The laser altimeter (ALR) point of view

In cooperation with Russia, the Brazilian deep space mission ASTER plans to send a small spacecraft to investigate the triple asteroid 2001-SN263. The nearest launch opportunities for this project include June 2022 and June 2025. One main exploration campaign is being planned with focus on the largest asteroid (Alpha). Among the instruments under development, a laser altimeter (named ALR) was preliminarily designed and presented in 2010–2011. Many studies to define mission and instruments requirements were performed aiming at the characterization of important issues for the successful realization of the mission. Among them, the identification of a suitable trajectory that could be followed by the ASTER spacecraft in the encounter phase, when the main campaign will take place. This paper describes the effort undertaken with focus on the laser altimeter operation. Possible encounter trajectories were modelled and simulated to identify suitable approach parameters and conditions allowing the accomplishment of the intended investigation. The simulation also involves the instrument operation, considering approach geometry, attitude, relative motion, time/date, and the dynamics of the main asteroid. From the laser altimeter point of view, keeping in mind the desired coverage results (50% minimum surface coverage of asteroid Alpha, complying with horizontal and vertical resolution requirements), results point out crucial features for the encounter trajectory, like the need for a small inclination (10^-6 degrees; with respect to the asteroid's orbit), the most favourable spacecraft positioning (between the Sun and the asteroid) and pointing condition (back to the Sun), the minimum amount of achievable surface coverage (58%, focused on central areas), and the most proper time to conduct the main campaign (January 2025). Concerning the instrument, results offer refined values for divergence angle (500 to 650 μrad, half-cone), pulse repetition frequencies (from 1/20 to 1 Hz), and consequent data generation rates. A simulation tool that can use any 3D generated trajectories as input data was created for the analyses presented here. Although created for the ALR in this mission, this simple analysis tool can be adapted to other instruments in this or other missions.     

An annual variation analysis of the ionospheric spatial gradient over a regional area for GNSS applications

An ionospheric spatial gradient represents the ionosphere delay difference between different locations, and its variation over a specific area is important for implementing differential GNSS systems. An estimation method for the ionospheric spatial gradient over a small regional area is proposed. A plate map model is implemented for the direct estimation of the gradients. Nine years of GPS data were processed to figure out the annual variation of the mean gradient at the mid-geomagnetic latitude of 30° N. Gradients along the north–south direction have a mean of 0.65 mm/km and follow solar-cycle variations.     

基于磁记忆技术对含缺陷焊缝的疲劳试验

对含有不同隐形损伤的40Cr焊板进行射线检测、疲劳试验和正交磁记忆信号测量，探索试件在疲劳应力作用下磁记忆信号的变化特征。试验结果表明：单一测量方式下的磁特征值不能表征焊板在疲劳循环载荷下的变化特征，所得结论存在偶然性；研究发现，可用磁场矢量梯度积分特征和磁场矢量合成梯度特征来评价焊板的疲劳损伤过程，并建立了以磁场矢量梯度特征为损伤参量的疲劳损伤模型，从而可以对含有隐形损伤焊接构件的疲劳寿命进行定量评估，为金属磁记忆技术在焊接缺陷定量评价上的进一步研究提供参考依据。