Development of theoretical approaches to the control of a water-treatment system

The Advanced Life Support/NASA Specialized Center of Research and Training (ALS/NSCORT) focuses on research and development of technologies to support human habitation during space missions. This research was done as part of an effort to maintain crewmembers’ water supply in a closed life-support system. The water subsystem was the primary focus of this study because water is one of the most expensive and important resources for human survival.     

XMM-Newton observations across the Cygnus Loop from northeastern rim to southwestern rim

We have observed the Cygnus Loop from the northeast (NE) to the southwest (SW) with XMM-Newton. We extracted spectra from 3′-spaced annular regions across the Loop and fitted them either with a one-kT_e-component non-equilibrium ionization (NEI) model or with two-kT_e-component NEI model. We found that the two-kT_e-component model yields significantly better fits in almost all the spectra than the one-kT_e-component model. Judging from the abundances, the high-kT_e-component in the two-temperature model must be fossil ejecta while the low-kT_e-component comes from the swept-up interstellar medium (ISM). The distributions of Ne, Mg, Si, and S for fossil ejecta appear to retain the onion-skin structure at the time of a supernova explosion, suggesting that significant overturning of the ejecta has not occurred yet. Comparing the relative abundances of fossil ejecta estimated for the entire Cygnus Loop with those from theoretical calculations for Type-II SN, the mass of the progenitor star is likely to be ∼13 M_⊙. The trends of the radial profiles of kT_e and emission integral for the swept-up ISM are adequately described by the Sedov model, suggesting that the swept-up ISM is concentrated in a shell-like structure. Comparing our data with the Sedov model, we found the ambient medium density to be ∼0.7 cm⁻³. Then, we estimated the total mass of the swept-up ISM and the age of the remnant to be ∼130 M_⊙ and 13,000 years, respectively. Note that if the explosion occurred within a stellar wind cavity, then the density in the cavity, the total swept-up mass in the cavity, and the age of the remnant are estimated to be ∼0.14 cm⁻³, ∼25 M_⊙, and ∼10,000 years, respectively.     

最优输出跟踪控制系统

为了解决终端时间N_f,未知的跟踪系统随机控制问题,用卡尔曼滤波器和一种最优控制法则相结合,可以获得最优输出跟踪控制系统。这种闭合回路控制系统具有良好的稳定性。     

电传操纵系统设计中遇到的突出问题和对策

本文通过简要的理论分析及试验研究对电传纵向控制律设计中出现的一些实际问题,例如反馈形式、混合比、主增益、校正环节和滤波器等的选择;排除剩余振荡;对飞行品质的影响等做了较为充分有益的探讨.这对电传系统设计和改善飞行品质有参考作用.     

阿贝误差实时修正系统

介绍了一种能对机床、坐标测量机等结构的阿贝误差进行实时修正的方法，它能同时测量出导轨的位移、俯仰角、偏转角以及滚转角误差。着重介绍了系统的原理组成和滚转角误差的动态测量方法，给出了系统的可行性验证装置及实验结果，在3．7m的行程内将最大37．0μm的阿贝误差修正到了1．5μm     

扩频应答机码跟踪环的一种实现方法

讨论了一种伪随机码跟踪环的特性，分析了码相关间隔、预检积分时间、环路带宽及信噪比等参数对码跟踪性能的影响。该方案不仅能够对PN码相位的变化作出调整，同时对PN码多普勒进行跟踪，较适合于测控应答机中PN码跟踪环的应用。     

航天器姿态机动的拟欧拉角反馈控制

本文采用四元数法给出了航天器姿态机动的动力学模型，通过引入一种拟欧拉角，根据最优控制理论建立了一种姿态反馈开关控制逻辑，并对闭环系统的稳定性进行了分析。仿真结果验证了所述方法的有效性。     

旋转梁的动力学建模及其反馈控制

利用哈密尔顿原理,推导了刚柔耦合形式的旋转欧位－伯努利梁的动力学方程,并在小转速的假设下,给出了线性化近似方程的解析解;讨论了由直流电机和压电陶瓷组成的控制系统,并从动力学稳定的角度出发,利用Lyapunov第一方法设计系统的反馈控制实现了动力学稳定性。最后通过计算机仿真证明控制策略的有效性。     

A multi-disciplinary plan for easier access, management, and analysis of science data

NASA's COST LESS Team is pursuing strategies to reduce the cost and complexity of planning and executing space missions. The team's technical goal is to reverse the trend of constructing unique solutions for similar problems. To this end, the team is exploring ways to represent mission functionality in terms of building blocks and is discovering approaches that could accommodate the same building blocks for seemingly disparate activities, such as organizing processed telemetry data, controlling onboard experiments, searching science archives, reducing and presenting information to science users, and supporting educational outreach. Reusable object technology (UOT), a research undertaking by the authors, is showing promise in recognizing similarities in functions which were previously viewed as unique because they appeared in different programs or mission phases. Since UOT is aimed at being implementation independent (i.e. the function performed could be accomplished manually, by an automated process, by a specialized instrument, etc.), no premature judgment for automation or autonomy need be made. In this paper, the authors attempt to strike a balance between theory and reality as they describe UOT, including its beginnings, its underpinning, its utility, and its potential for achieving substantive reductions in cost and complexity for the Agency's space programs. The authors discuss their collaboration with the Center for EUV Astrophysics, University of California, Berkeley to reduce the cost and complexity of science investigations. Their multi-disciplinary plan incorporates both UOT and a complementary technology introduced in this paper, called interactive archives.     

一类非线性奇异摄动系统的轨道机动控制

对于一类具有典型双时标特性的非线性奇异摄动系统 ,应用反馈线性化理论分内环控制和外环控制两步进行了轨道机动的组合控制规律设计。文中以某型无人机为对象进行的轨道机动控制仿真结果表明 ,闭环系统对同时进行的纵向和侧向机动有良好的输出跟踪 ,对参数摄动具有较好的鲁棒性。