Trailing-edge scalloping effect on flat-plate membrane wing performance

This investigation studies the effect of trailing-edge scalloping on the lift and drag force coefficients of flat, membrane wings that vibrate at low Reynolds numbers (<61,000). A series of rigid, flat plate frames with moderate aspect ratio and repeating membrane cell structure were studied and compared to a rigid plate and a rigid scalloped plate. Lift and drag measurements were acquired using an external force-balance; flow fluctuation measurements were captured with a hot-wire. Results showed that the size and aspect ratio of the latex cell had a greater impact on lift than scalloping and that scalloping had a greater effect on drag than the cell aspect ratio. Compared to the solid wings, the membrane wings exhibited higher lift and drag coefficients, likely due to both effective cambering and dynamic interaction with the free shear layer. While trailing-edge scalloping decreased both the lift and drag coefficients relative to no scalloping, the greater effect was on drag, thus, increasing aerodynamic efficiency. The maximum lift-to-drag ratio was attained for a 25% scallop with a repeating cell aspect ratio of one. A unique nondimensional scaling of the membrane vibration peak frequency is also presented.     

槽道壁湍流的展向振荡电磁力减阻控制的PIV研究

壁湍流主要表现为条带和流向涡为主要特征的拟序结构和间歇性的湍流猝发事件,这些都会导致壁面阻力的增加,因此,为了实现减阻,需控制或消除壁面附近的流向涡进而抑制湍流的猝发。在该研究中,利用展向振荡电磁力对槽道湍流的近壁流向涡进行控制,以达到减阻的目的;并利用PIV测试系统对其进行了实验研究,讨论了这种电磁力的减阻效果及其减阻机理。结果表明：展向振荡电磁力具有减小壁面阻力的功能,其减阻机理为展向振荡的电磁力可以使条带倾斜,在流场中产生附加的负展向涡,导致近壁区域平均流向速度梯度的减小,因此,壁面阻力减小。     

竖直平板间湍流自然对流中螺旋羽流结构的实验研究

应用粒子图像测速技术（PIV）对竖直平板间水的温差湍流自然对流的流场进行了测量,并由测量所获得的速度场获取了涡量分布和散度分布。测量结果表明,在流场中的竖直展向截面和水平流向截面上都存在大尺度涡流结构,而且在部分涡量集中区域同时具有正的或者负的散度集中,速度矢量分布也表明水平截面上的这部分涡流结构呈现着清晰的源或汇的特征。这些现象都表明这部分旋转着的流体不但有切向速度,还有径向速度。这意味着这部分流体在旋转的同时也有向上或向下的运动,即同时具有在同方向上的涡量和速度,即螺度,而这是螺旋羽流结构的特征。这些涡结构,尤其是水平流向截面上具有径向速度的涡流结构的存在证实了竖直平板之间的湍流自然对流流场中大尺度的螺旋羽流结构的存在。     

俄罗斯的航空用胶和粘性材料

介绍了俄罗斯的各种航空用胶及粘性材料的研制和现状。     

超声导波在大型薄铝板缺陷检测中的应用

 为了提高大型薄板超声检测的速度,研究了超声导波及其在大型薄铝板缺陷检测中的应用。推导了超声导波在大型薄铝板中传播的理论模型,分析了导波的波结构,设计并实践了导波检测薄铝板缺陷的方法。试验结果表明,若选取S0导波模式对1 mm薄铝板进行线扫描检测,在有缺陷的地方会出现明显的回波信号。根据缺陷回波与板端回波的传播时间差,可计算出缺陷的位置。缺陷越大,缺陷回波信号幅值越大。选择对缺陷灵敏度高的导波模式,导波法线扫描检测方式可以有效缩短检测时间,提高检测效率。     

数传信道干扰仿真研究

在分析数传信道差错特性的基础上,结合测控系统实际数传信道特点,将测控系统的数传信道定位成有记忆、生成型、更新型的信道模型。最后选用了双状态马尔科夫链模型作为信道干扰仿真的数学模型,并采用误码率调节方法实现干扰仿真的灵活控制。     

Few-shot electromagnetic signal classification: A data union augmentation method

Deep learning has been fully verified and accepted in the field of electromagnetic signal classification. However, in many specific scenarios, such as radio resource management for aircraft communications, labeled data are difficult to obtain, which makes the best deep learning methods at present seem almost powerless, because these methods need a large amount of labeled data for training. When the training dataset is small, it is highly possible to fall into overfitting, which causes performance degradation of the deep neural network. For few-shot electromagnetic signal classification, data augmentation is one of the most intuitive countermeasures. In this work, a generative adversarial network based on the data augmentation method is proposed to achieve better classification performance for electromagnetic signals. Based on the similarity principle, a screening mechanism is established to obtain high-quality generated signals. Then, a data union augmentation algorithm is designed by introducing spatiotemporally flipped shapes of the signal. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed data augmentation algorithm, experiments are conducted on the RADIOML 2016.04C dataset and real-world ACARS dataset. The experimental results show that the proposed method significantly improves the performance of few-shot electromagnetic signal classification.     

采用梁元的加强框结构可靠度计算

以梁元为可靠性分析单元建立了一种新的加强框结构的可靠性计算模型,采用可靠性理论方面的新成果进行了分析计算,研究了若干参数(如可靠性分析单元个数、元件强度差异系数和相关系数坟外载荷差异系数)对计算结果的影响,为加强框设计提供了依据。     

跨声速半球柱绕流流场的激波系结构

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ATM performance measurement in Europe,the US and China

Air traffic management (ATM) performance and the metrics used in its assessment are investigated for the first time across the three largest ATM world regions: Europe, the US and China. The market structure and flow management practices of each region are presented. A wide range of performance data across these three regions is synthesised. For topological and performance assessment, the notion of a 'sufficient' sample is often non-intuitive: many metrics may behave non-monotonically as a function of sampling fraction. Missing and under-developed metrics are identified, and the need for a balance between standardisation and flexibility is proposed. Longitudinal and cross-sectional metric trade-offs are identified.