有源天线联试中的几点实用经验与分析

有源天线顾名思义,不仅仅包含传统意义上的无源部件,更多地是向系统级别迈进,这就要求天线设计研制人员需要掌握更多的＂有源＂部件方面的知识。文章给出了某有源天线联试过程中所积累的一些经验,并对其进行了分析,为更多从事有源天线设计的技术人员提供参考。     

基于凸优化理论的含约束月球定点着陆轨道优化

针对月球精确定点软着陆问题,考虑导航及障碍检测敏感器视场约束及制动发动机推力大小约束,对月球动力下降段轨道优化方法进行了研究。首先建立了含约束条件的三维定点软着陆轨道优化问题模型,根据庞德亚金极小值原理推导了最优推力开关方程,并给出了推力奇异区间不存在的证明。针对优化模型中的复杂非线性约束,引入凸优化理论将问题转化为二阶锥优化问题,并采用内点法求解了最优标称轨迹。最后给出了月球软着陆制动段、接近段的仿真结果,验证了该着陆轨道优化方法的有效性。     

卫星间光通讯系统中比特率等主要参量对最大通讯距离的影响

文中讨论了在保证卫星间光通讯系统的通讯质量前提下，系统的各个主要参量之间的相互制约关系，最大通讯距离受各参量影响的情况。通过分析各个参量对通讯距离影响的大小，找出了增大通讯距离的较好途径。     

从具有非线性特征的衰减“拍”波形确定阻尼率的方法

本文提出一个从具有非线性特征的衰减“拍”波形确定阻尼率的方法——二次包络法。第一次包络是对衰减“拍”波形实施希尔伯特(Hilbert)变换得到的,第二次包络是以第一次包络曲线的峰谷值为基准,分段用线性插值形成的变系数指数曲线。根据第二次包络的两条曲线,用对数减量确定随响应振幅而变的阻尼率。本文以分离贮箱中液体晃动阻尼的确定为例验证了方法,结果表明精度达到了工程应用的程度。除对液体晃动的阻尼测定之外,本方法还适用于密模态高粘弹性结构的模态阻尼测定。     

北斗三号系统精密单点定位服务解析与应用

为提高北斗三号系统在高精度应用领域的竞争力,规划并设计了精密单点定位服务.基于精密单点定位服务信号接口控制文件,对北斗三号精密单点定位服务的信号设计进行解析,并提出了一种用户应用算法,最后给出了北斗三号精密单点定位服务的试验验证结果.试验结果表明,北斗三号精密单点定位服务水平定位精度优于0.3m,高程精度优于0.6m,...     

Periodic acoustic source tracking using propagation delayed measurements

There exist a large class of acoustic sources which have an underlying periodic phenomenon. Unlike the well-studied Bearings-Only Tracking(BOT) of an aperiodic acoustic source,this paper considers the problem of tracking a periodic acoustic source. For periodic acoustic tracking, the signal emission time is known. However, the true measurement reception time is unknown because it is corrupted by noise due to propagation delay. We augment the sensor’s signal reception time onto bearing measuremen...     

CubeSats detumbling using only embedded asymmetric magnetorquers

After deployment from a rocket, a CubeSat is detumbled using magnetorquer rods bringing the norm to the point where the reaction wheels take over to reduce the angular velocity to null. Therefore, utilizing reaction wheels for satellite detumbling at higher initial velocities is vital but they are heavy and occupy significant space on a spacecraft having challenging control. To address this challenge, this paper features a disruptive approach that conducts the control only by the PCB-integrated magnetorquers with various geometries using a diverse non-unity track width ratio. The trace widths are parametrized such that the optimal torque to power dissipation ratio is investigated. The optimizations are then simulated for various geometric distributions and validated through comprehensive measurement setups that establish a framework for selecting the best-case coil configuration according to mission requirements. The detumbling rates of multiple asymmetric coil configurations are compared with the embedded designs in published literature and state of the art. It is found that the proposed asymmetric embedded magnetorquers can detumble the vehicle at high initial angular velocities. Lastly, the simulation results of thermal analysis are validated for selecting the application-specific optimal coils configuration. At the end, the proposed system is compared with the embedded magnetorquers available in the literature and commercial attitude control systems.     

Assessing the hydromorphological condition of the Sub-Himalayan Mahananda-Balason system using the hydromorphological quality Index

An evaluation of the hydromorphological condition of the Mahananda-Balason River system of the sub-Himalayan foothills, West Bengal, India was attempted using a multiparameter-based Hydromorphological Quality Index (HQI). After segmenting these rivers based on continuity, bed material and channel planform, a total of 18 indicators, divided into 3 subgroups Continuity (C), Planform (P), and Floodplain Morphology (FM), were quantified reach-wise and scaled upon the level of alteration (1 for highly altered and 5 for no alteration). The derived overall HQI (3.6) exhibited a moderate hydromorphological quality of the system, however, significant differences between the HQIs of confined and unconfined reaches were witnessed. Students ‘t-test and Multiple Correspondence Analysis both portrayed vast dissimilarities among the confined and unconfined reaches and the clustering was depending on their confinement. The deviations measured from the system’s mean and least altered conditions portrayed that the confined reaches with lesser human interventions were in comparatively more pristine hydromorphological conditions. Conversely, unconfined reaches showed moderate to very poor hydromorphological conditions chiefly due to intense human-induced alterations regarding urbanization, embanking and sediment extraction. Restorations on these aspects should initiate with immediate effect to avoid a shortage of riverine resources such as fluvial sediment, fish and groundwater. Overall, this methodology was found suitable for continuous monitoring of the river systems along with the precise identification of areas and aspects to be restored for upgrading the hydromorphological quality. More testing of this methodology would eventually help in validating the hydromorphological quality assessment protocol for Indian rivers.     

基于卫星轨道软件平台的自主导航计算方法

为增强卫星的自主生存能力，研究了基于卫星轨道软件平台的自主导航计算方法。由星载导航部件获取导航参数，应用数值或解析法进行自主导航计算，以实时获得精确的轨道参数。理论分析和仿真结果表明，读方法正确可行，具有较高的工程应用价值。     

Optimization for aerodynamic performance of double serpentine nozzles with spanwise offsets using Taguchi-based CFD analysis

Serpentine nozzles are widely used in combat aircraft to realize strong stealth characteristics. Based on the layout characteristics within a confined space, a series of double serpentine nozzles with spanwise offsets are established. Using computational fluid dynamics and Taguchi method, the influence mechanisms of the Distribution of Area (DA), Distributions of Centerline for the first and second ‘S’ sections in the Vertical direction (DCV1 and DCV2), and Distribution of Centerline in the Spanwise direction (DCS) are analyzed. The impact of these factors on the total pressure recovery coefficient can be ranked as DA > DCV2 > DCS > DCV1, whereas their impacts on the discharge coefficient and axial thrust coefficient can be ranked as DCV2 > DCS > DA > DCV1. Considering the statistical significance of these factors, a nozzle in which DA changes rapidly at the exit and DCV1, DCV2, and DCS change rapidly at the entrance gives the best aerodynamic performance. Compared to the worst configuration, the total pressure recovery coefficient, discharge coefficient, and axial thrust coefficient are improved by 1.6%,3.5% and 3.6%, respectively. DA influences the gas flow acceleration in the entire serpentine channel, resulting in different wall shear stress and friction losses. The various centerline distributions influence the gas flow acceleration effects and form complex wave structures in the constant-area extension section, resulting in different local and friction losses.