某变循环发动机超声涡轮设计与分析

应用相似理论原理,为某变循环发动机在高、低涵道比两种工作模式下设计了高膨胀比、大焓降超声高压涡轮,叶片造型采用S₁流面三维造型法实现.通过三维数值模拟对设计涡轮在以上两种工作模式下进行了验算,应用Spalart-Allmaras一方程湍流模型求解雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程,并引入Abu-Ghanam Shaw转捩模型描述叶片表面边界层发展过程.数值模拟结果表明,涡轮在两种工作模式下等熵效率分别达到92.79%和92.31%,优于设计预期;三维造型法考虑了S1流面的物理特征,是一种精确而有效的叶片造型方法.      

三维五向编织复合材料导热性能的有限元分析

根据三维五向编织复合材料的细观结构模型,分别假设编织纱线和轴纱具有六边形和正方形横截面,建立了计算三维五向编织复合材料导热性能的有限元模型.采用有限元方法,设定合理的边界条件,计算了三维五向编织复合材料的横向和纵向热传导系数,并与三维四向编织复合材料的热传导系数进行了比较,分析了编织角和纤维体积含量对热传导系数的影响规律.此外,还确定了材料内部的温度、热梯度及热流量的分布,为材料热力耦合问题的分析奠定了基础.      

单级低速模拟轴流压气机实验台改进设计

为了使单级低速台能够更好地模拟高压压气机后面级流动,采用导叶+静子+转子+静子+导叶的五排叶片布局,适当提高轮毂比,以及采用3D打印树脂叶片,对常规三排叶片单级低速模拟大尺寸轴流压气机实验台进行了改进设计研究,并与四级重复级低速大尺寸压气机实验台的第三级结果进行了对比。结果表明:改型设计的单级低速大尺寸压气机的设计点效率达到了89.1%,流量裕度达到了32.9%,与四级重复级实验结果基本一致,而且实现了基本相似的级间参数分布,比传统单级实验台更接近高压压气机后面级的典型流动,从而可以利用该实验台成本低和周期短的优势,开展更多更深入的关于高压压气机后面级流动机理和设计方法的实验研究。     

基于同波束干涉的空间三维相对位置测量研究

针对深空探测器相对位置精确测量需求,建立了空间三维相对位置测量模型,研究了基于单基线同波束干涉测量(Same-beam VLBI,SBI)的空间三维位置最小二乘解算方法。利用"嫦娥3号"着陆器的测控天线与定向天线的SBI实测数据,验证了测量模型与解算方法的有效性。结果显示:SBI干涉时延随机误差约0.225 ps(0.07 mm);测控天线与定向天线之间距离误差约0.216 m,方向误差约30.4°。该研究结果有望应用于后续深空探测任务譬如"嫦娥5号"器间高精度相对测量中。     

Initial virtual flight test for a dynamically similar aircraft model with control augmentation system

To satisfy the validation requirements of flight control law for advanced aircraft,a wind tunnel based virtual flight testing has been implemented in a low speed wind tunnel.A 3-degree-offreedom gimbal,ventrally installed in the model,was used in conjunction with an actively controlled dynamically similar model of aircraft,which was equipped with the inertial measurement unit,attitude and heading reference system,embedded computer and servo-actuators.The model,which could be rotated around its center of gravity freely by the aerodynamic moments,together with the flow field,operator and real time control system made up the closed-loop testing circuit.The model is statically unstable in longitudinal direction,and it can fly stably in wind tunnel with the function of control augmentation of the flight control laws.The experimental results indicate that the model responds well to the operator's instructions.The response of the model in the tests shows reasonable agreement with the simulation results.The difference of response of angle of attack is less than 0.5°.The effect of stability augmentation and attitude control law was validated in the test,meanwhile the feasibility of virtual flight test technique treated as preliminary evaluation tool for advanced flight vehicle configuration research was also verified.     

Improvement and application of Y2O3 directional solidification crucible

In order to satisfy the drastic temperature change and high chemical activity in directional solidification of Nb–Si based alloys, Y_2O_3 crucible is demanded to possess high thermal shock resistance and erosion resistance. This paper improved the sintering degree and density of Y_2O_3 crucible by optimizing the sintering temperature and time, and its practical application performance was investigated. Y_2O_3 grains gathered with the increase of sintering temperature and time, and the contact area enlarged, resulting in the open pores being changed into closed pores.The higher density caused the improvement of erosion resistance of Y_2O_3 crucibles. However, excessive density weakened the thermal shock resistance. Considering high-temperature strength, erosion resistance, thermal shock resistance and costs, optimum sintering temperature and time of Y_2O_3 directional solidification crucible were 1800 °C and 120 min, respectively, and the porosity was20%. Improved Y_2O_3 crucible has been successfully applied to directional solidification of Nb–Si based alloys, and significantly reduced the oxygen contamination. Slight interaction occurred between Hf and Y_2O_3, but no obvious dissolution, penetration or erosion was found, showing good erosion resistance and thermal shock resistance.     

多用酸洗缓蚀剂DSCH-1的研究

由含氮的脂肪胺、芳香胺等多种常用的有机缓蚀剂复配制成的ＤＳＣＨ－１ 缓蚀剂,在硝酸中对２０＃ 锅炉钢和紫铜的缓蚀效率达９９．７％ ,在盐酸中对２０＃ 锅炉的钢的缓蚀效率达９８．５％ ,对紫铜的缓蚀效率也较高。Ｆｅ３＋ 离子浓度对ＤＳＣＨ－１ 缓蚀性能有较大的影响     

苄氯法合成α-AlH3及其表征

在乙醚-甲苯混合溶剂中,苄基氯和LiAlH4反应生成AlH3乙醚络合物。此络合物在甲苯介质中脱醚得到α-AlH3。通过X射线衍射、元素分析、扫描电镜及热分析,对样品进行表征。测试结果表明,此方法得到的α-AlH3晶体纯度高,Cl含量低,形貌完整,颗粒均匀,产物的热力学性能优良。     

三维流场的光学C.T技术

本文介绍了三维流场光学Ｃ．Ｔ技术的原理，实验方法和重建算法，给出了计算机模拟研究的方法和应用实例。     

Energy absorption features of 3-D braided rectangular composite under different strain rates compressive loading

There are huge potential applications of 3-D braided composite in aerospace engineering because of the non-delamination feature of the composite under impact loading. This paper presents the analysis of energy absorption features of 3-D braided composite under compression with different strain rates. The 3-D 4-step rectangular braided composite coupons were tested on a material tester MTS 810.23 and a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) apparatus to obtain out-of-plane and in-plane compression stress vs. strain curves at quasi-static and high strain rate state. The failure modes and energy absorption features of the 3-D braided composite under different strain rates were analyzed both in time domain and frequency domain. The energy absorbed by the 3-D braided composite increases with the strain rate. From fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis of compression stress vs. time histories, the power of energy absorption of the 3-D braided composite increases with strain rate and mostly concentrate on the high frequency region. While for quasi-static compression, the power distributes in very narrow frequency region and also is less than that in high strain rates. This feature corresponds to the different damage and energy absorption mechanisms of the 3-D braided composite under quasi-static and high strain rate compression.