基于特征造型技术的涡轮叶片参数化设计

针对航空发动机涡轮气冷叶片的结构特点,提出了叶片参数化建模的特征分类形式.然后,利用特征造型技术开发涡轮叶片的参数化设计系统;并以直背涡轮叶片为具体实例阐述了该参数化模块的开发过程,为航空发动机典型结构件的参数化奠定了基础.      

黏附激励下空间目标惯性参数的辨识方法

针对黏附卫星会自然激励目标改变运动状态的现象，提出一种利用黏附激励进行空间非合作目标惯性参数的辨识方法。黏附前，利用主星对目标特征点的视觉测量，建立估计目标惯性参数与相对运动参数的滤波器，并估计目标的转动惯量比和质心；黏附后，主星直接利用该滤波器估计目标的新的质心速度，并基于动量守恒原理计算目标质量。该方法不仅充分利用黏附过程的自然激励，无需常规辨识必须的主动激励，而且激励前后算法一致，无需切换。数字仿真证实了算法的有效性。     

Development of one-minute rain-rate and rain-attenuation contour maps for satellite propagation system planning in a subtropical country: South Africa

Millimeter and microwave system design at higher frequencies require as input a 1-min rain-rate cumulative distribution function for estimating the level of degradation that can be encountered at such frequency bands. Owing to the lack of 1-min rain-rate data in South Africa and the availability of 5-min and hourly rainfall data, we have used rain-rate conversion models and the refined Moupfouma model to convert the available data into 1-min rain-rate statistics. The attenuation caused by these rain rates was predicted using the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) recommendations model. The Kriging interpolation method was used to draw contour maps over different percentages of time for spatial interpolation of rain-rate values into a regular grid in order to obtain a highly consistent and predictable inter-gauge rain-rate variation over South Africa. The present results will be useful for system designers of modern broadband wireless access (BWA) and high-density cell-based Ku/Ka, Q/V band satellite systems, over the desired area of coverage in order to determine the appropriate effective isotropically radiated power (EIRP) and receiver characteristics of this region.     

充气机翼保形设计与气动特性分析

充气机翼是一种典型的柔性充气结构,涉及到变形无人机前沿技术,未来可应用于折叠飞机、科学实验研究飞机、探测火星等其他行星的飞行器。依据内切圆逼近翼型方法,通过静力学进行保形证明,以NACA0018为原型翼型,设计不同内切圆数目逼近的充气机翼,利用CFD方法对所设计的充气机翼进行气动特性分析,研究不同充气机翼的气动特性和优劣性,初步掌握内切圆逼近翼型保形方法的基本性质。最后进行充气机翼的样机制作,并通过飞行试验演示验证充气机翼的飞行性能。结果表明:在低速飞行条件下,充气机翼升力系数较标准翼型有所损失,并且随内切圆数目变化不明显,基本达到标准翼型的80%左右,阻力系数变化较为明显,几乎比标准翼型增加了1.0~1.5倍。     

Modeling and analysis of Earth’s gravity field measurement performance by inner-formation flying system

The Earth’s gravity field can be measured with high precision by constructing the purely gravitational orbit of the inner-satellite in Inner-formation Flying System (IFS), which is independently proposed by Chinese scholars and offers a new way to carry out gravity field measurement by satellite without accelerometers. In IFS, for the purpose of quickly evaluating the highest degree of recovered gravity field model and geoid error as well as analyzing the influence of system parameters on gravity field measurement, an analytical formula was established by spectral analysis method. The formula can reflect the analytical relationship between gravity field measurement performance and system parameters such as orbit altitude, the inner-satellite orbit determination error, the inner-satellite residual disturbances, data sampling interval and total measurement time. This analytical formula was then corrected by four factors introduced from numerical simulation of IFS gravity field measurement. By comparing computation results from corrected analytical formula and the actual gravity field measurement performance by CHAMP, the correctness and rationality of this analytical formula were verified. Based on this analytical formula, the influences of system parameters on IFS gravity field measurement were analyzed. It is known that gravity field measurement performance is a monotone decreasing function of orbit altitude, the inner-satellite orbit determination error, the inner-satellite residual disturbances, data sampling interval and the reciprocal of total measurement time. There is a match relationship between the inner-satellite orbit determination error and residual disturbances, in other words, the change rate of gravity field measurement performance with one of them is seriously restricted by their relative size. The analytical formula can be used to quantitatively evaluate gravity field measurement performance fast and design IFS parameters optimally. It is noted that the analytical formula and corresponding conclusions are applied to any gravity satellite which measures gravity field by satellite perturbation orbit.     

一种遥测缓变参数自动判读的新方法

针对遥测参数中缓变参数的自动判读问题，提出一种基于历史数据统计特性的遥测缓变参数自动判读新方法。首先，设计了一种以参数目标数据时标为基准的时间间隔递推算法和线性插值方法，使历史数据与目标数据的时标得到有效统一。其次，基于方向和距离函数构造了双因子等价权函数，并利用抗差最小二乘估计算法得到了参数的估值和标准差。最后，根据参数的估值和标准差对目标数据进行统计分析，依据目标数据的概率分布判断参数是否存在异常，进而实现参数的自动判读。仿真校验结果表明，该方法能有效辨识缓变参数中的异常参数，且具有较强的抑制随机噪声和抗差自适应能力。与传统以人工为主的判读方式相比，该方法能有效提高遥测参数判读的效率和准确性。     

Solar terrestrial effects of two distinct types

The occurrence frequencies or fluxes of most of the solar phenomena show a 11-year cycle like that of sunspots. However, the average characteristics of these phenomena may not show a 11-year cycle. Among the terrestrial parameters, some related directly to the occurrence frequencies of solar phenomena (for example, ionospheric number densities related to solar EUV fluxes which show 11-year cycle like sunspots) show 11-year cycles, including the double-peak structures near sunspot maxima. Other terrestrial parameters related to average characteristics may not show 11-year sunspot cycles. For example, long-term geomagnetic activity (Ap or Dst indices) is related to the average interplanetary solar wind speed V and the total magnetic field B. The average values of V depend not on the occurrence frequency of ICMEs and/or CIRs as such, but on the relative proportion of slow and high-speed events in them. Hence, V values (and Ap values) in any year could be low, normal or high irrespective of the phase of the 11-year cycle, except that during sunspot minimum, V (and Ap) values are also low. However, 2–3 years after the solar minimum (well before sunspot maximum), V values increase, oscillate near a high level for several years, and may even increase further during the declining phase of sunspot activity, due to increased influence of high-speed CIRs (corotating interplanetary regions). Thus, Ap would have no fixed relationship with sunspot activity. If some terrestrial parameter shows a 11-year cycle, chances are that the solar connection is through the occurrence frequencies (and not average characteristics) of some solar parameter.     

火花型合成射流激励器流动特性及其激励参数数值研究

利用能量方程中的源项模拟电火花能量的输入,数值模拟了火花型合成射流激励器的流场,获得了激励器的能量蓄积、喷射和吸入过程.结果表明:电火花瞬间能量的输入产生了腔体内的高温、高压环境,从而诱发合成射流的形成;在周期性激励下,合成射流在3个周期后稳定,喷口处的速度呈现非正弦的周期性变化,射流喷射过程时间极短,吸入外界环境气体...     

统筹图中求有关参数的权关联矩阵算法

给出一个求统筹图中有关参数的数值算法，证明了算法的理论依据，并举例说明算法的应用。     

分散剂对玻璃纤维浆料分散性的影响

研究了切棉方式、玻璃纤维长度、分散剂种类和含量对玻璃纤维浆料分散性的影响。结果表明:切

棉后的浆料分散程度明显高于未切棉的;浆料中所含纤维成团所占面积百分数由72.6%降到2.4%。长方形棉块

经打浆后形成的浆料纤维较正方形的更为分散。玻璃纤维越长则越难分散,适宜的纤维分散长度为10 ~12 mm。

浆料所含纤维为0.2wt%时,羟乙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、六偏磷酸钠的最佳加入量分别为0． 008wt%、0.

012wt%和0.04wt%,所对应的浆料吸光度分别为0.344、0.703 和0.663 A。沉降实验显示添加六偏磷酸钠的浆料

分散性最好,浆料沉降高度最低、沉降速率最慢,羟丙基甲基纤维素次之,羟乙基纤维素最差。