On the modular approach of a 3D model of the system magnetosheath–magnetosphere

This article presents some preliminary features of a new self consistent model of the system magnetosheath–magnetosphere, recently developed in the Institute of Mechanics, Sofia, Bulgaria. The flow in the magnetosheath is governed by 3D ideal gas-dynamic equations. The positions and the shapes of the bow shock and the magnetopause are calculated iteratively as a part of the solution. These surfaces are essentially three-dimensional (generally non-axially-symmetric). The self-consistency between the regions is ensured via the boundary conditions. The magnetopause cusp indentations are formed, influencing essentially the magnetosheath flow. Prediction of the position and the shape of the bow shock for different values of the sonic Mach number are derived. Distribution of some flow parameters in the magnetosheath is presented. 3D numerical finite element model, calculating the field due to the magnetopause currents for an arbitrary magnetopause geometry, is used in the magnetosphere. The fields due to the current systems inside the magnetosphere(cross-tail current, ring current, and Birkeland current) are taken from the Tsyganenko empirical model. The magnetopause surface is calculated from the requirement the outside gas-dynamic pressure to be balanced by the magnetic pressure inside. The magnetosphere model can be viewed as an improved version of the empirical model but with more realistic magnetopause form and shielding field. Not a final but a beta version is used in this approach. The final model version as well the model details will be presented elsewhere.     

Anomalous Cosmic Rays and Solar Modulation

We review aspects of anomalous cosmic rays (ACRs) that bear on the solar modulation of energetic particles in the heliosphere. We show that the latitudinal and radial gradients of these particles exhibit a 22-year periodicity in concert with the reversal of the Sun's magnetic field. The power-law index of the low energy portion of the energy spectrum of ACRs at the shock in 1996 appears to be -1.3, suggesting that the strength of the solar wind termination shock at the helioequatorial plane is relatively weak, with s 2.8. The rigidity dependence of the perpendicular interplanetary mean free path in the outer heliosphere for particles with rigidities between 0.2 and 0.7 GV varies approximately as R2, where R is particle rigidity. There is evidence that ACR oxygen is primarily multiply charged above 20 MeV/nuc and primarily singly-charged below 16 MeV/nuc. The location of the termination shock was at 65 AU in 1987 and 85 AU in 1994.     

具有后挡板的喷流流场的数值研究

本文对发射台底面与后挡板之间的喷流流场进行了数值研究。采用迎风的Ｐｅｔｒｏｖ－Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ有限元方法求解欧拉方程。描述了喷流出口处及挡板附近的流场细节。计算结果已成功地应用于导弹发射台的设计。     

喷流流场旋涡激波干扰的数值模拟研究

本文采用隐式CSCM格式,通过数值求解NS方程,对平板上二维超声速主流中横向喷流流场进行了数值模拟,并与实验和其它计算结果进行了分析比较,结果令人满意。     

剪切波速评价饱和砂土抗液化性能研究

从三方面总结了用剪切波速评价饱和砂土抗液化性能的研究进展：基于现场震害调查的研究成果具有重要参考价值，但不便于开展系统研究；室内土样剪切波速的测试手段出现了弯曲单元和扭剪法两种新技术，与弯曲单元相比较，扭剪法更加可靠；剪切波速与抗液化强度相关性已通过大量的研究得到证实。指出要实现用剪切波速评价原位土层的抗液化性能需要解决：抗液化强度对于剪切波速的敏感性，如何进行地震等效，如何将原位与室内剪切波速建立联系以及如何选取区分不同土类的指标等4个问题。     

聚心火焰与诱导激波相互作用及爆燃转爆轰过程

基于带化学反应的二维轴对称Eu ler方程,利用带限制函数的波传播算法,在两端均敞开和一端封闭一端敞开的两种边界情况下,对圆柱型燃烧室中的氢气-空气预混气的聚心燃烧进行了数值模拟,探讨了聚心火焰引发爆轰过程中的波系结构以及火焰的变形。数值结果表明,在两端均敞开的情况下,燃烧诱导的激波在轴心、火焰和壁面之间来回反射,使火焰失稳,加速了火焰的燃烧,但没有转变成爆轰。而在一端封闭的情况下,封闭端反射产生的激波,不断穿越火焰,使火焰严重失稳,加剧了燃烧速度,最终导致爆轰的形成。稳定爆轰阵面的参数与CJ理论计算的结果进行了对比,两者符合的较好。同时,火焰在与激波的作用过程中,形状扭曲变形,对于两端敞开的情况呈对称的扁平头部蘑菇云,而对于一端封闭的情况,则呈封闭端小敞口端大的扁平头部蘑菇云。     

超声波马达技术及其应用

对超声波马达技术及其应用现状和发展前景做了介绍。     

旋转冲压发动机驻涡燃烧技术研究现状分析

旋转冲压发动机是一种全新概念发动机，采用激波增压和驻涡燃烧技术。其显著的高效、低污染特性引起越来越多人关注。本文首先扼要介绍了旋转冲压发动机总体结构，然后介绍了驻涡燃烧技术的概念和研究现状，最后描述了旋转冲压发动机中驻涡燃烧室的结构特点。     

压缩拐角区的压力,热流工程计算方法

 <正> 引言 从压缩拐角分离流动的试验及数值计算出发,建立起一个实用范围较广精度较高的工程估算程序,方便快速地估算出压缩拐角分离区和再附区的峰值压力、峰值热流;分离区和再附点位置;分离区长度等。这是气动设计部门关注的课题。这些工作是在文献(3,4)中的经验公式的基础上,按照分离流动流谱,分区进行迭代修正计算,对二维情况给出了完整     

再人飞行器脉动压力环境的分析与预测

本文分析了机动再入飞行器因非定常空气动力流动引起的物面脉动压力环境,并根据高超声速无粘流计算的表面压力分布,给出了一套预测各种脉动压力环境统计特性的工程计算公式。算例表明,预测的均方根脉动压力、功率谱密度和交叉功率谱密度与实验值是一致的。