不同温度和应力状态下Ni-Ti形状记忆合金力学行为分析

为了研究Ni-Ti形状记忆合金在不同应力状态下的力学行为,文中通过分离式Hopkinson杆实验装置分别对不同Ni-Ti形状记忆合金试样进行了动态拉伸和压缩试验。实验温度从291~573 K。从不同应力状态和试验温度的试验结果分析中发现:Ni-Ti形状记忆合金的相变屈服应力和位错屈服应力均随着试验温度的增加而增加;此外,同一Ni-Ti形状记忆合金压缩状态下的相变屈服应力和位错屈服应力均明显高于其拉伸状态下的相变屈服极限和位错屈服极限;而且对于同一Ni-Ti形状记忆合金,变形后材料的逆相变起始温度比变形前材料逆相变的起始温度高,且应变率越高,逆相变起始温度增加的越快。     

Ultrasound assisted solidification process of ternary Cu–Sn–Sb alloy

It is well-known that the application of ultrasound during liquid to solid transitions for alloys can refine the solidification microstructure and thus improves the mechanical properties. How-ever, most published work focuses on single phase dendritic growth, whereas little has been con-ducted on the multiphase alloys with complicated phase transformations during solidification. In this work, the solidification process of ternary Cu40Sn45Sb15 alloy was realized within intensive ultra-sonic field with a resonant frequency of 20 kHz and ultrasound power from 0 W to 1000 W. The ultrasound refines the size of the primary e(Cu3Sn) intermetallic compound by two orders of mag-nitudes. If the ultrasound power increases to 1000 W, g(Cu6Sn5) phase nucleates and grows directly from parent liquid phase without the occurrence of peri-eutectic reaction on the top of the alloy sam-ple where the ultrasound intensity is sufficiently high. These microstructural variations lead to the enhancement of compressive strength and elasticity modulus of ternary Cu40Sn45Sb15 alloy.     

一种测量铝合金裸金属钝化速率的新方法

在研究金属材料尤其是敏感金属材料的腐蚀疲劳裂纹增长机理时，由于腐蚀疲劳裂纹尖端裸金属滑移面其裸露与钝化的快速瞬时性，要求有一种能够及时准确地测出金属材料裸金属面的瞬面钝化速率的实用方法。为此，本文设计了一种测试试件，提出一种不仅测量准确，而且带助一般材料试验设备可完成的裸金属钝化速率测试方法，这对进一步研究金属材料的腐蚀疲劳问题，具有一定的现实意义。     

页轮干式磨削Ti6Al4V合金

进行了Ti6A14V合金锆刚玉页轮和碳化硅页轮的磨削性能试验研究,分析了磨削用量对磨削力、磨削温度和磨削表面完整性的影响。磨削力通过KISTLER9265B测力仪测定,磨削表面温度由NIUSB-621X信号采集系统测得,磨削表面形貌和金相组织由HiroxKH-7700型体视显微仪和Quanta200型扫描电镜（SEM）观察,表面粗糙度由Mahr Perthometer M1粗糙度仪测得,表层显微硬度通过HVS—1000硬度计测定。研究结果表明：页轮磨削钛合金工件表面没有发生烧伤现象,磨削热影响区厚度小于50μm,锆刚玉页轮比碳化硅页轮更适合干式磨削钛合金。     

TiAl基金属间化合物的超塑性研究现状

综述了国内外在TiAl基金属间化合物超塑性研究方面所取得的成就,内容包括超塑性力学性能及其影响因素。最后,对TiAl基金属间化合物超塑性成形的应用前景进行了展望。     

应力比对不锈钢焊接接头疲劳寿命的影响研究

针对0Cr18Ni9不锈钢薄板焊接接头,开展了高周疲劳性能测试,研究了应力比对其疲劳极限和疲劳寿命S-N曲线的影响。结果表明应力比对疲劳寿命有较大的影响,在最大应力一定的情况下,应力比越大其疲劳寿命越大。基于试验结果,得到了反映应力比影响的0Cr18Ni9不锈钢薄板焊接接头Goodman修正和Walker修正的高周疲劳寿命预测模型。模型的预估寿命和试验数据对比表明,Walker修正模型对疲劳寿命的预测结果全部处于1.0倍分散带以内,其更能反映应力比对0Cr18Ni9不锈钢薄板焊接接头疲劳寿命的影响。     

基于Cr过渡层沉积CVD金刚石涂层的试验研究

研究了在硬质合金上基于Cr过渡层沉积CVD(Chemical vapor deposition)金刚石涂层的工艺，利用自制的CVD金刚石沉积设备制备出晶形完整、晶粒大小均匀、分布连续的金刚石涂层。用SEM和Raman光谱对CVD金刚石涂层进行了分析。结果表明，沉积工艺对金刚石的形态和成分有显著影响，基体温度在800℃左右时，可以得到晶形完整，非金刚石成分较少，与基体结合紧密的CVD金刚石涂层。     

新型电子封装Si-Al合金的基础研究

对传统金属电子封装材料的研究开发现状进行了简单评述。利用喷射沉积成形技术制备了Si—Al（含硅量50～70wt％）合金。这种合金具有细小均匀的显微组织，同时具有低热膨胀系数、高热传导率和低密度等特点。     

Selective laser melting of Al–8.5Fe–1.3V–1.7Si alloy: Investigation on the resultant microstructure and hardness

This article presents the microstructure and hardness variation of an Al–8.5Fe–1.3V–1.7Si(wt%, FVS0812) alloy after selective laser melting(SLM) modification. Three zones were distinguished across the melting pool of the SLM-processed FVS0812 alloy: the laser melted zone(LMZ), the melting pool border, and the heat affected zone(HAZ) in the previously deposited area around the melting pool. Inside the LMZ, either an extremely fine cellular-dendritic structure or a mixture zone of the a-Al matrix and nanoscale Al_(12)(Fe,V)_3Si particles appeared. With a decreased laser beam scanning speed, the cellular-dendritic structure zone within the LMZ shrank significantly while the mixture zone expanded. The a-Al and Al_(12)(Fe,V)_3Si mixture zone was also observed in the HAZ, but another phase, submicron h-Al_(13)Fe_4 particles with rectangular or hexagonal shapes,formed along the melting pool border. Microhardness tests indicated that the hardness of the SLM-processed FVS0812 samples far exceeded that of the as-cast FVS0812 alloy.     

1Cr18Ni9Ti 对接管接头表面缺陷分析

对接管接头采用1Cr18Ni9Ti 棒材生产,经过机械加工后与相同牌号管材焊接,焊接后酸洗发现

零件表面存在缺陷。通过对失效件缺陷形貌观察、化学成分分析、金相分析及显微硬度测试,并结合酸洗试验。

结果表明:对接管接头材料内部存在沿变形流线的贫铬区,导致该区域的耐蚀性差,在机加工的过程中贫铬区

暴露在表面或近表面,在酸洗过程中该区域被优先腐蚀,形成了蚀孔类宏观缺陷,此贫铬现象为原材料缺陷。