日本JEM舱空间碎片防护结构设计综述

综述目前国际空间站上日本试验舱有关微流星体及空间碎片的防护技术以及发展趋势,着重探讨防护结构的研究成果,为在轨防护技术提供技术参考。     

防空导弹武器系统雷电浪涌的防护

介绍了浪涌的成因及武器系统产生浪涌的主要原因。指出在导弹阵地采用防雷系统措施的同时 ,武器系统要利用接地网系统消减雷电产生的地电压反击 ,在电源系统中接入 3× 1+1防雷器 ,选用适当的保护空气开关防止雷电浪涌侵入 ,在通信网络中增加浪涌抑制二极管防止线路上的尖峰脉冲。最后确定了选择雷电浪涌防护器的依据和主要原则     

Radiation engineering analysis of shielding materials to assess their ability to protect astronauts in deep space from energetic particle radiation

An analysis is performed on four typical materials (aluminum, liquid hydrogen, polyethylene, and water) to assess their impact on the length of time an astronaut can stay in deep space and not exceed a design basis radiation exposure of 150 mSv. A large number of heavy lift launches of pure shielding mass are needed to enable long duration, deep space missions to keep astronauts at or below the exposure value with shielding provided by the vehicle. Therefore, vehicle mass using the assumptions in the paper cannot be the sole shielding mechanism for long duration, deep space missions. As an example, to enable the Mars Design Reference Mission 5.0 with a 400 day transit to and from Mars, not including the 500 day stay on the surface, a minimum of 24 heavy lift launches of polyethylene at 89,375 lbm (40.54 tonnes) each are needed for the 1977 galactic cosmic ray environment. With the assumptions used in this paper, a single heavy lift launch of water or polyethylene can protect astronauts for a 130 day mission before exceeding the exposure value. Liquid hydrogen can only protect the astronauts for 160 days. Even a single launch of pure shielding material cannot protect an astronaut in deep space for more than 180 days using the assumptions adopted in the analysis. It is shown that liquid hydrogen is not the best shielding material for the same mass as polyethylene for missions that last longer than 225 days.     

工频电磁场干扰及其卫生防护

通过一个电磁兼容工程实例，介绍了工频电磁干扰及其解决方法，并对有关国家标准实施情况进行了探讨。     

SEL587差动保护装置原理与技术应用

分析SEL587差动保护装置的基本原理,阐述零序电流的影响。应用情况表明,该装置运行可靠,动作灵敏。     

盐酸清洗缓蚀剂的研究进展

本文介绍了我国九十年代盐酸酸洗缓蚀剂的研究现状。盐酸酸洗缓蚀剂研究的重点是开发新型的高效、低毒、低成本缓蚀剂，并充分利用工业生产的副产品进行深加工，或利用天然植物进行加工、改性制备缓蚀剂，扩展原材料的来源。     

某超声速飞行器保护罩用弹射器的高温防护特性

某型弹射器应用于超声速飞行器保护罩的连接固定与弹射分离。由于保护罩位于飞行器头部,受到气动阻力的影响,升温迅速。为了保证弹射器能够在飞行过程中正常安全工作,使装药部位的温度满足火药安全使用要求,需要对其采取热防护措施。文章围绕弹射器的耐高温性能设计开展了相关理论分析、数值仿真及试验验证工作。通过减小热传导途径,优化产品结构设计,采取隔热、相变吸热等措施降低弹射器内部的环境温度。经过热传导试验验证,在模拟飞行器极端的高温环境条件下,弹射器结构能够有效降低热传导效率,保证主装药部位的温度满足火药安全使用要求。该方法为航天火工装置的高温防护设计与验证提供了有效的技术途径。     

Limit protection design in turbofan engine acceleration control based on scheduling command governor

A new limit protection method based on Scheduling Command Governor (SCG) is proposed for imposing multiple constraints on a turbofan engine during acceleration process. A Gain Scheduling Controller (GSC) is designed for the transient state control and its stability proof is developed using Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs). The SCG is an add-on control scheme which manages engine limits effectively based on reference trajectory optimization. Unlike the traditional min–max architecture with switching logic, the SCG method utilizes the Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) closed-loop model to form a prediction of future constraint violation and per instant solves a constraint-admissible reference within an approximate Maximal Output Admissible Set (MOAS). The influence of the variation of engine dynamic characteristics and equilibrium points during transient state control is handled by the design of contractive sets. Simulation results on a turbofan engine component-level model show the applicability and effectiveness of the SCG method. Compared to the traditional min–max method, the SCG method has less conservativeness. In addition, the design of contractive sets makes conservativeness tunable.     

先进舰载战斗机腐蚀防护控制与日历寿命设计

舰载战斗机是航母编队战斗力的重要组成部分,但由于其复杂恶劣的服役环境,舰载机腐蚀防护控制与日历寿命设计问题已经成为限制海军航空兵战斗力保持与提升的关键难题。腐蚀防护与控制应贯穿舰载机全寿命周期,本文以此为总体思路,首先系统梳理了舰载机在综合设计、材料与涂料选择、制造与使用过程中腐蚀防护与控制的诸多要点与细节。然后针对舰载机日历寿命设计问题,在详述环境谱、加速谱编制原则、编制方法及基本构成的基础上,基于案例阐明腐蚀仿真技术是舰载机日历寿命设计的可靠高效手段,可为相关问题的后续研究提供创新思路。最后指出腐蚀监测是舰载机腐蚀防护控制过程中亟待解决的难题。     

多约束条件下月亮对IGSO/MEO卫星干扰预报方法

针对IGSO/MEO卫星倾斜轨道(55 °)和偏航主动姿态控制的特殊性,研究了适用倾斜中高轨卫星月球干扰的亮度模型、地球遮挡模型、几何满足模型,提出了多元素约束条件下的月球干扰预报方法,解决了传统预报算法虚警概率较大的问题.实际控制结果表明,该方法实现了对在轨IGSO/MEO卫星地球敏感器月球干扰的准确预报,取得了很好的应用效果.