固体推进剂定淬息距离凝相燃烧产物收集方法

含铝固体推进剂凝相燃烧产物对发动机的能量特性、热防护以及燃烧稳定性均有重要影响.为了排除燃烧过程中推进剂燃面退移造成的凝相燃烧产物淬息距离逐渐增大的影响,设计并建立了一套基于恒定淬息距离的凝相燃烧产物收集系统,并通过典型丁羟四组元推进剂凝相燃烧产物的收集和分析,对该收集方法进行了校验.结果表明,淬息距离恒定使得凝相燃烧...     

射线计算机成像技术在发动机变壁厚产品检测中的试验研究

针对液体火箭发动机离心轮、涡轮静子等厚度变化大的复杂激光选区熔化成形（SLM）钢构件在常规X射线胶片照相检测（RT）时,由于胶片的宽容度低造成的检测覆盖率低,存在漏检质量隐患的问题,采用射线计算机成像技术（CR）对该类变截面厚度差在5～20 mm内的钢构件进行检测。结果表明,CR检测图像宽容度是胶片照相检测的3倍,检测覆盖率高;以离心轮线状缺陷CR检测为例,且通过CT和理化检测验证证明,CR检测具有与胶片照相检测基本一致的缺陷检测灵敏度、可靠性。     

基于故障行为的惯导产品贮存寿命试验设计

以典型惯导产品加速度计贮存寿命评估为例,提出了一种基于故障行为模型的加速退化试验设计方法,解决了缺乏预试验数据情况下试验应力水平设计的问题。在通过对产品特性和主机理分析基础上,确定表征产品贮存寿命特征参数及试验应力,构建了考虑材料等分散性的加速度计故障行为模型,用以描述参数加速时变规律的特性。在试验应力最高水平确定的情况下,基于给定置信度和故障行为模型,以高应力水平下退化量的置信下限与低应力水平下退化量的置信上限不交叉为原则,采用基于仿真的加速退化试验设计方法,优化确定低应力和中间应力水平,从而设计给出试验剖面,并给出了加速退化试验方案优选流程,最终从备选方案集中确定加速度计试验最优方案。通过实际案例分析,验证了该方法的有效性。      

300M超高强度钢在模拟积水环境中的腐蚀行为

 针对飞机结构部件在服役过程中存在的缝隙积水导致结构材料腐蚀的问题,通过研究腐蚀产物、形貌、失重、腐蚀速率、腐蚀损伤度以及积水溶液与暴露金属的面容比、pH值等的变化,探讨了300M超高强度钢在模拟积水环境中的腐蚀行为。结果表明,300M钢在模拟积水中的腐蚀是从点蚀开始,然后点蚀坑扩展合并,逐渐发展为全面腐蚀,其腐蚀失重和腐蚀损伤度随腐蚀时间的增加而增大,腐蚀损伤度则呈现出幂函数变化趋势;随腐蚀时间的延长,模拟积水环境中的pH值从初期的4.2升到5.2再下降到4.8～5.0,平均腐蚀速率也从0.289 g/(m²·h)线性减小到0.120 g/(m²·h);电化学交流阻抗结果表明随腐蚀时间的延长,容抗弧半径逐渐增大,说明腐蚀产物对基体起到一定的保护作用,这与腐蚀速率变化规律一致;另外,不同的面容比(腐蚀介质体积与300M钢暴露面积之比)对腐蚀过程的影响是:随面容比的增加,腐蚀失重与腐蚀速率均增大。     

SiC/Al复合丝的耐蚀性和高温稳定性研究

本研究结果表明,SiC/L_6和SiC/LF_6复合丝在真空中加热至600℃和在空气中400℃暴露144小时,以及在蒸馏水和5%NaCl水溶液中浸泡15天后,其强度保留率大于87%,证明SiC/Al复合丝具有良好的耐蚀性和高温稳定性,用气相层析仪和发射光谱分析了腐蚀气体、溶液和白色沉淀,初步确定其反应机理是电化学腐蚀。与C/Al复合丝相比,SiC/Al腐蚀速度缓慢,纤维—基体界面损伤极小。     

软件产品质量管理的改进对策

本文分析了软件产品质量的特性及控制要素，针对当前软件产品存在的质量问题，结合市场对软件产品的质量需求，探讨了提高软件产品质量的途径及应采取的对策。     

研究原子氧对空间材料效应的氧等离子体试验装置

介绍我所研制成的一台评价原子氧对空间材料效应的高频放电氧等离子体试验装置的结构和性能.对Kapton试样的测试表明:用这种装置试验的结果与美国洛克希德公司装置的测试结果相当.其作用强度相当于200km高度轨道中原子氧作用强度的4倍以上.     

Preparation of bimodal grain size 7075 aviation aluminum alloys and their corrosion properties

The bimodal grain size metals show improved strength and ductility compared to traditional metals; however, their corrosion properties are unknown. In order to evaluate the corrosion properties of these metals, the bimodal grain size 7075 aviation aluminum alloys containing different ratios of coarse(100 μm in diameter) and fine(10 μm in diameter) grains were prepared by spark plasma sintering(SPS). The effects of grain size as well as the mixture degree of coarse and fine grains on general corrosion were estimated by immersion tests, electrochemical measurements and complementary techniques such as scanning electron microscope(SEM) and transmission electron microscope-energy disperse spectroscopy(TEM-EDS). The results show that, compared to fine grains, the coarse grains have a faster dissolution rate in acidic NaCl solution due to the bigger size,higher alloying elements content and larger area fraction of second phases in them. In coarse grains,the hydrogen ions have a faster reduction rate on cathodic second phases, therefore promoting the corrosion propagation. The mixture of coarse and fine grains also increases the electrochemical heterogeneity of alloys in micro-scale, and thus the increased mixture degree of these grains in metal matrix accelerates the corrosion rate of alloys in acidic NaCl solution.     

Precise coseismic displacements from the GPS variometric approach using different precise products: Application to the 2008 MW 7.9 Wenchuan earthquake

The Global Positioning System (GPS) variometric approach has emerged as an attractive alternative to traditional well-developed positioning techniques including relative positioning and precise point positioning. Previous studies have demonstrated the capability of the variometric approach to retrieve coseismic displacements at centimeter-level precision, in a real-time manner using only readily available broadcast ephemeris. This study presents the first results comparing the performance of the variometric approach by using a variety of precise satellite orbit and clock products. Totally six kinds of products are included in our evaluation, namely the broadcast, IGS (International GNSS Service) ultra-rapid (predicted), ultra-rapid (observed), rapid, final (30-s clock) and CODE (Center for Orbit Determination in Europe) final (5-s clock) products. Static and dynamic experiments are conducted using 1-Hz GPS data covering a relatively large area in China during the 2008 Wenchuan M_W 7.9 earthquake. After removing the linear trend, the displacements using broadcast, ultra-rapid (predicted), ultra-rapid (observed) and rapid products reach nearly equivalent precisions at centimeter level. By using final and CODE final products, the precision of displacements can be significantly improved from 1.9–2.0 cm to 0.4–0.7 cm horizontally, and from 6.0–6.2 cm to 1.0–1.7 cm vertically for the dynamic experiments. The displacements using the CODE final products achieve the best precision, improved by more than 40% compared to those using the IGS final products. With the availability of IGS high-rate real-time precise products, this approach is promising to capture coseismic displacements more precisely in real time, which is crucial for earthquake and tsunami early warning.     

复合材料缠绕制品性能测试

本文对复合材料缠绕制品力学性能、耐燃烧性、吸水性、老化性能的测试进行了论述,这些试验方法、标准将为缠绕制品的可靠性的进一步研究奠定实验基础。