不平衡电网三相四开关变换器预测功率控制

为了提高三相四开关变换器并网电能质量,提出一种适用于不平衡电网条件的有限控制集模型预测直接功率控制策略。分析三相四开关变换器的工作机制和电压矢量变化关系,并建立其功率预测模型。使用αβ静止坐标系下的电网电压以及其90°延迟信号计算功率补偿值,设计价值函数,选择最优电压矢量对应的开关状态。该控制策略无需传统的正负序分离控制及锁相环技术,易于实现。仿真和试验结果表明,在不平衡电网条件下,所提出的控制策略能够有效降低并网电流畸变,消除功率波动,提高并网电能质量。     

采用定子电流与扰动观测的永磁同步电机改进预测电流控制

提出了一种采用定子电流和扰动观测补偿的改进预测电流控制(PCC)算法。理论上永磁同步电机PCC具有优异的控制性能,但现实系统中离散采样延时与电磁参数时变等问题使得原理上基于模型的预测电流控制器的控制品质严重恶化。设计了龙伯格(Luenberger)状态观测器实现对定子电流与参数扰动的观测,并应用于补偿和改进经典的无差拍预测电流控制器。将观测到的当前时刻的定子电流替代当前时刻的采样电流用于反馈控制,以补偿采样延时;运行过程中电磁参数的变化使得模型参数失配,其影响以电压扰动的形式被观测出来,并补偿到预测控制输出的电压指令中。仿真和试验结果验证了所提方法的有效性。     

Pose measurement and motion estimation of non-cooperative satellite based on spatial circle feature

Malfunctioned satellites have seriously threatened orbital safety, and the capture of these satellites is of great significance. The pose measurement and the motion estimation of the tumbling satellite is the premise of capture. In this paper, the docking ring of the satellite is identified, which is equivalent to a spatial circle. Combined with the nozzle feature, the pose duality of the spatial circle can be eliminated. And the measurement accuracy is improved by minimizing the reprojection error of the docking ring and the nozzle. Due to the symmetry of the docking ring, the measured pose has only five degrees of freedom, losing the degree of freedom of rotation around the normal vector. In the motion estimation algorithm, the observability of the tumbling motion is firstly analyzed, then an error-state Kalman filter with inertia ratio constraints is designed. To improve the convergence speed and stability of the filter, a rough estimation algorithm of filter initial value based on linear term extraction and particle swarm optimization is proposed. The effectiveness of the pose measurement and motion estimation method is verified by simulations.     

安全约束下的空间翻滚目标涡流消旋稳定控制

针对空间翻滚目标涡流消旋任务执行效率低和抵近安全无保证的问题，首先基于椭球包络法给出了服务星机动轨迹的直接线性凸化安全约束，以确保机动过程的安全性和最优轨迹跟踪问题的有限时间可解性；设计了垂直构型下空间消旋任务的抵近期望轨迹以增强服务星消旋力矩的作用强度，缩短任务周期。在此基础上，提出了一种反馈线性化的收缩模型预测控制(FLC MPC)算法，有效跟踪所提出的期望轨迹，并严格保证安全约束及控制输入约束下受控系统的稳定性。最后，利用所提出的控制方法对阿丽亚娜 4火箭上面级进行消旋仿真，结果表明该方法能有效提高消旋效率，并保证服务星的安全稳定。     

利用姿态机动的绳系卫星编队系统轨道协同控制

为克服绳系卫星编队系统在轨道机动过程中的系绳摆动现象，提出一种通过调整领航星推力方向进而实现编队系统轨道跟踪的控制算法。由于推力方向角与状态量互相耦合且少于系统自由度个数，轨道协同控制属于典型的非仿射欠驱动控制问题。针对此问题，首先采用升阶法将角速度作为虚拟控制输入；然后为各子系统设计子滑模面后加权得到高层滑模面和等效控制输入律，并设计观测器估计系统非线性项；其次基于模型预测控制算法优化得到最高层滑模面的趋近控制律；最后采用MATLAB/Simulink验证了所提控制算法的有效性。     

一种基于模型预测的火星返回推力器容错控制再分配方法

针对火星返回上升器由于环境等因素造成的推力器故障导致的姿态控制系统失稳而难以安全返回的严重问题，提出基于模型预测的动态容错控制再分配方法。根据推力器动态特性建立上升器推力分配模型，对模型参数误差进行实时估计从而修正分配模型，根据模型预测自适应推力再分配方法实施容错控制。同时，将推力器输出限制作为优化求解器的约束，并将推力器故障模型作为优化求解的约束域，实现最小化分配误差和最小化燃料消耗意义下的最优推力再分配。计算机仿真表明了该方法的可行性和实用性，获得了满意的结果，它能使推力器输出推力误差降低60%以上，姿态控制系统能在故障状态下3～5 s快速镇定。     

Wide-range model predictive control for aero-engine transient state

To perform transient state control of an aero-engine, a structure that combines linear controller and min–max selector is widely adopted, which is inherently conservative and therefore limits the fulfillment of the engine potential. Model predictive control is a new control method that has vast application prospects in the field of aero-engine control. Therefore, this paper proposes a wide-range model predictive controller that can control the engine over a wide range within the flight envelope....     

Pneumatic pressure control based on improved NMPC and its application to aeroengine surge simulation

In the semi-physical simulation of aeroengines, using the pneumatic pressure servo control technology to provide realistic pneumatic excitation to the sensors and electronic controller can improve the confidence of the simulation and reduce the test cost and risk. However, the existing methods could not satisfy the precise simulation of large-amplitude and high-frequency pulsating pressure during aeroengine surge. In this paper, a pneumatic pressure control system with asymmetric groups of the High-Speed on–off Valve (HSV) is designed, and an Improved Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (INMPC) method is proposed. First, the volumetric flow characteristics of HSV are tested and analyzed with Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) signal input. Then, a simplified HSV model with the volume flow characteristic correction is developed. Based on these, an integrated model for the whole system is further established and used as the prediction model in INMPC. To improve the computational speed of the rolling optimization process, the mapping scheme from control signal to PWM duty cycle of HSVs and the objective function with exterior penalty function are designed. Finally, the random step, sinusoidal and real engine surge data are set as the reference pressure in multiple comparative experiments to verify the effectiveness of the pressure tracking system.     

A high-safety active/passive hybrid control approach for compressor surge based on nonlinear model predictive control

Surge active control can expand the stable operating range of the compressor. However, the difficulty of flow measurement, dynamic uncertainty disturbance, actuator delay characteristics, hard constraints of control variable, and system security measures have not been fully considered in the existing active control system, which significantly hinders its engineering application. Therefore, a nonlinear model predictive surge active control method is first presented based on flow estimator designed by using a continuous-time Kalman filter for dealing with the hard constraint of control variable and the impact of actuator delay of compression system with dynamic uncertainty. Then, a high-safety active/surge passive hybrid control strategy is designed, dominated by the surge active control and supplemented by the surge passive control, to ensure the compression system’s safe and stable operation. Lastly, the simulation results suggest that the flow estimator accurately estimates the compressor flow. When considering the delay impact of the actuators and sensors and measurement noise on the system, the proposed method exhibits stronger robustness than the existing methods. The active/surge passive hybrid control strategy can successfully ensure the compression system's safe and stable operation. This paper is of high practical significance for the engineering application of future compressor surge active control technologies.