Blockage effect on the flow around a cylinder probe in calibration

Flow around a 2-D cylinder pressure probe placed in uniform flow,free jet flow,and wind tunnel flow was analyzed with potential flow theory and simulated with numerical method.Blockage effect was investigated under several typical flow Mach numbers.The result from numerical simulation shows a similar trend to the one from potential flow method while varies in quantity.Wind tunnel walls accelerate the flow near the probe and thus produce a blockage effect;Boundary of free jet flow,however,decelerates the flow and thus produces a "negative" blockage effect.A maximum incoming Mach number exists when the probe is calibrated in wind tunnel in high subsonic condition due to choking caused by shocks and shock induced separation.The critical Mach number varies with blockage ratio,which makes high Mach number impossible to achieve in large blockage ratio condition.The blockage effect itself is unavoidable for calibration or measurement although a sufficiently small blockage ratio brings minor effect.Correction can be implemented based on the numerical simulation result presented in this paper and further works.      

Experimental study of curvature effects on jet impingement heat transfer on concave surfaces

Experimental study of the local and average heat transfer characteristics of a single round jet impinging on the concave surfaces was conducted in this work to gain in-depth knowledge of the curvature effects. The experiments were conducted by employing a piccolo tube with one sin-gle jet hole over a wide range of parameters: jet Reynolds number from 27000 to 130000, relative nozzle to surface distance from 3.3 to 30, and relative surface curvature from 0.005 to 0.030. Exper-imental results indicate that the surface curvature has opposite effects on heat transfer characteris-tics. On one hand, an increase of relative nozzle to surface distance (increasing jet diameter in fact) enhances the average heat transfer around the surface for the same curved surface. On the other hand, the average Nusselt number decreases as relative nozzle to surface distance increases for a fixed jet diameter. Finally, experimental data-based correlations of the average Nusselt number over the curved surface were obtained with consideration of surface curvature effect. This work con-tributes to a better understanding of the curvature effects on heat transfer of a round jet impinge-ment on concave surfaces, which is of high importance to the design of the aircraft anti-icing system.     

大压力高精度谐振筒传感器设计

介绍用于测量高低温环境下高压气体绝对压力的传感器的设计,传感器采用谐振筒式敏感元件和数字量输出方式.量程满足0.02～4.0MPa,精度优于±0.05%FS,可在-55～150℃的较宽温度范围内可靠工作.该传感器可用于飞机发动机的电调系统,测量发动机不同位置的压力.文中主要论述了谐振筒的设计方法,确定了宽温大压力高精度...     

静止圆柱尾迹的稳定性分析

采用二维非平行流的整体线性不稳定性分析和基于局部平行假设的绝对／对流不稳定性分析两种方法研究静止圆柱尾迹的稳定性，基本流场由相同的低维Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ方法计算得到。结果证实，随着Ｒｅ数的增加直至Ｋａｒｍａｎ涡街形成，先后发生了两次整体模太的跳跃和一次Ｈｏｐｒ分叉，并首次用绝对／对流不稳定性理论解释了这一现象。     

导弹弹射装置作动简的建模与仿真

首先描述了导弹弹射机构作动筒的工作过程,建立了描述作动筒动特性的物理模型和数学模型,然后利用MATLAB求解仿真模型,得到气缸动特性参数随时间变化的可视化仿真结果,最后分析了惯性负载、行程、有效面积对作动筒动特性的影响,为正确设计新的导弹弹射装置作动筒提供了理论依据。     

三角柱体对机翼根部马蹄涡的影响

在现有文献的基础上,采用k-ωSST湍流模型和SIMPLE数值模拟算法,进一步探讨增加宽度比的三角柱体对于角区马蹄涡的影响。结果显示当三角柱体宽度在一定范围内增加时,马蹄涡的控制效果得到进一步提高。定义的涡强系数(基于涡心位置及马蹄涡的涡量)能很好地表征马蹄涡的强度。当三角柱体宽度与机翼厚度相同时,即宽度比为b/T=1(b为三角形宽度,T为机翼最大厚度)时涡强系数降到原来的27%。文中的三角柱体的高度仅为机翼厚度的1/20,和当地边界层的厚度相当。此种三角柱既能控制马蹄涡,又不会引起流场的整体剧烈变化。     

圆柱尾迹影响平板边界层转捩的实验研究

利用氢气泡和染色液流动显示的方法,在水槽中研究了圆柱尾迹对平板边界层转捩的影响。重点讨论圆柱与平板的流向距离和法向距离以及圆柱直径等几何参数对边界层转捩的不同作用,发现平板边界层转捩开始点的位置由尾迹与边界层作用的初始位置决定,这一位置由圆柱与平板的相对几何位置来确定。转捩区长度与边界层内部流体性质、扰动强度等有关,同时也受到圆柱、平板相对几何位置的影响。对转捩区近壁二次涡的产生和演化进行分析,发现尾迹对平板边界层的扰动是通过在近壁面诱导二次涡并影响二次涡的后续运动来体现,二次涡及其演化是边界层转捩位置大为提前的重要原因。     

采用上游扰动体被动控制减阻技术的实验研究

通过风洞测压和水洞流动显示实验,研究了不同直径的扰动体尾迹下圆柱的流动结构和气动特性。结果表明当扰动体和圆柱串列布置时,流动呈现出两种流动模式:空穴流动和尾流撞击模式。当圆柱处于空穴流动模式时,其阻力可以大幅度降低。当扰动体直径为圆柱直径1/2时,圆柱阻力最大降低98%。综合绕流结构和圆柱表面压力分布的变化,指出阻力减小的原因主要是扰动体对圆柱前体的保护作用以及对后体流动的干扰作用,其中后者占主导地位。随着扰动体直径的增加,扰动体对圆柱前体的减阻效果增加。     

某型飞机作动筒剩余行程超差问题分析

针对某型飞机作动筒剩余行程超差问题,通过对收放作动筒、起落架主支柱外筒、机翼精加工误差及设计理论剩余行程等方面的分析,得出是综合性误差积累造成超差。     

反射激波作用下重气柱界面演化的PIV研究

在水平激波管中采用PIV方法研究了反射激波作用下SF6重气柱界面的发展演化。采用射流方法形成SF6无膜气柱界面,并以乙二醇作为示踪粒子。利用连续激光片光源结合高速摄影相机对流场进行显示,得到了反射激波作用下SF6气柱界面的发展过程。结果表明,入射激波的冲击会在界面上产生反向旋转的涡环结构,而反射激波的作用会在界面上产生与初始涡环旋转方向相反的次级涡环结构。此外,对反射激波作用后的流场图像进行PIV后处理,获得了流场连续的速度场和涡量场。获得的环量与已有的理论模型进行比较,取得了较好的一致性,也验证了本文实验方法的可行性。