基于支持向量机的无参考遥感图像质量评价方法

针对遥感图像主观评价方法的低效率以及常用客观评价方法无法充分考虑人眼对图像的感知特性的问题,文章提出了一种基于支持向量机的无参考遥感图像质量（quality）评价方法。首先建立遥感图像主观评价库,然后在不需要图像失真信息的基础上,利用支持向量机（SVM）将图像的失真类型分为三类,并对每类进行单项评价,再通过加权得到遥感图像的总评分,最后将本文方法、信噪比与信息熵的评价结果回归到主观评价空间并进行对比。实验证明,文章所提方法能客观地评价遥感图像的质量,且优于信噪比和信息熵两种质量评价方法,其结果与人眼视觉感受相符。     

航天器总装过程的质量控制方法

为实现航天器零缺陷的质量管理目标,文章在梳理出导致航天器总装过程质量异常的工艺、操作、设备及材料等方面原因和总装生产流程优化的基础上,应用风险控制理论对各单步工序进行风险点识别和评估,使用多品种、小批量质量统计方法进行过程质量闭环控制,使得航天器总装生产质量得以有效提高。     

Theoretical and Experimental Analysis on Influence of Revolution Radius in Orbital Drilling

Revolution radius is one of the significant parameters in orbital drilling,which has great influence on many factors,such as the cutting area of front and side cutting edge,undeformed chip geometry,delamination and burr at hole exit side,hole surface roughness,cutting tool force and deflection,chip removal and heat transmission.First,the influence of revolution radius on the factors is discussed theoretically in detail.Analysis results show that big revolution radius can reduce axial cutting force,restrain exit delamination and burr,and improve chip removal and heat transmission.Then,single factor test and orthogonal test are utilized in the two processing methods as machining unidiameter holes with several cutting tools and machining different diameter holes with one tool.Finally,the influence of revolution radius on cutting force and hole machining precision is studied.These results provide a profound foundation for future optimization of cutting control parameters.     

Validation of a Compression Mass Gauge using ground tests for liquid propellant mass measurements

To properly estimate orbital lifetimes and predict the maneuverability of spacecraft, the remaining liquid propellant mass must be accurately known at every moment of a space mission. This paper studies the Compression Mass Gauge (CMG) method to determine the mass of liquid contained in a tank in a low-gravity environment with high accuracy. CMG is a thermodynamic method used to determine the quantity of liquid by measuring the gas pressure change when the tank volume changes, and has been previously theoretically and experimentally studied by researchers. The primary objective of this investigation is to explore the effects of attitude disturbance and the spacecraft thermal environment on the accuracy of the method. A ground test system, consisting of several test apparatuses, was fabricated and described as part of this study. The test results and analyses indicate that the CMG performs well and has an accuracy of ±1%. Additionally, demonstrations were performed to show that measurement errors do not increase drastically or exceed ±1% when the test system is vibrated to simulate the tank being perturbed as a result of an attitude disturbance. Liquid sloshing resonance was found to have a significant effect on the gauging accuracy. Measurements in a real thermal environment in which heat transfers into and out of the propellant tank were also conducted. The results show that the gauging accuracy is acceptable for normal liquid propellant. Furthermore, theoretical research shows that heat leakage has a significant influence on cryogenic propellant mass gauging.     

卫星平台运动对高分辨率光学遥感成像系统影响分析

在高分辨率光学遥感成像过程中,卫星平台的不稳定性将影响相机成像质量。针对该问题,在分析动态降质机理的基础上分别就面阵凝视模式、线阵推扫模式及时间延迟积分（TimeDelayandIntegration,TDI）推扫模式提出了相应的动态成像仿真模型,以此模拟不同情况下的退化结果。以高分辨率遥感相机为对象,开展多种情况下的仿真试验分析。结果表明,同等平台运动条件下,TDI推扫模式下的图像质量下降更明显;分辨率越高,像质对平台振动的响应灵敏度越高。最后结合仿真模型及图像评价参量,建立起空间分辨率与平台颤振指标之间的关系,给出不同空间分辨率下的平台运动误差阈值,为平台振动抑制和补偿提供约束条件。     

基于时域分析法的无人机飞行质量综合评价方法

以人为主对部队飞行训练质量进行定性分析,存在对训练效果难以做出公平、合理解释以及主观性强的问题。为此,提出一种行之有效的飞行质量综合评价数学模型。依据飞行训练大纲、部队调研掌握一些资深飞行员经验,建立了飞行质量综合评价的层次结构以及基本动作层的评价指标体系。利用时域分析原理,结合飞参数据现实需求,提出了合适的时域分析指标,权重以G1法进行确定,针对各个指标展开定量分析,评价结果合理。便于对训练期间的问题进行查找,提升飞行员操作水平。     

辅助加热温度对铝合金厚板FSW焊缝成形的影响

对铝合金厚板搅拌摩擦焊（FSW）而言,焊缝底部金属温度低、流动能力差是导致焊缝成形困难的主要原因。为此,本研究采用辅助加热的方式对待焊母材底部进行预热,分析辅助加热温度对厚板搅拌摩擦焊焊缝成形的影响。结果表明,随着辅助加热温度从20℃升高至80℃时,焊缝成形质量先变好后变差,宏观表现为焊缝内部焊核区宽度、高度及面积呈现先增大后减小的趋势,而疏松区面积呈现先减小后增大的趋势。其中,当辅助加热温度为40℃时,焊缝成形质量最好,焊核区尺寸最大,疏松区消失;而当辅助加热温度升高至80℃时,焊缝成形质量最差,疏松区面积最大。研究认为,其主要原因是添加合适的辅助加热温度可显著提高焊核区塑性金属的峰值温度及高温停留时间,塑性金属流动能力明显提高,焊缝成形质量得到极大改善。焊核区塑性金属的迁移方式由沿搅拌针表面向焊缝上部高温区迁移向挤压焊核区周边冷金属横向迁移转变。但是,当辅助加热温度太高时,焊核区塑性金属迁移方式开始转变为原始的沿搅拌针表面向焊缝上部高温区迁移,且此迁移程度有明显增大的趋势,导致焊缝内部疏松区缺陷再次出现。     

北斗卫星B1频段信号质量时域评估方法

针对北斗信号的调制特点,用离线数据分析方法,理论分析与实测信号测试相结合,从北斗B1频点信号时域波形、眼图等方面对北斗B1频段信号数据的时域进行了质量分析评估测试,验证了评估方法的可行性,得到相对完善的时域评估方法,为信号时域畸变排查提供依据。此外,为了衡量信号的畸变程度,计算了国际民航组织发布的国际民用航空公约附件10所采纳的2OS模型中的3个参数：数字畸变中的超前/滞后参数、模拟畸变中的谐振频率和衰减因子的数值,并分析了其与测距偏差之间的关系,为单颗星信号质量在时域方面的评估提供了判断依据。     

无人侦察机航迹点重规划的优化算法

提出了一种针对发现新目标后,机上在线进行航迹点重规划的方法.建立了重规划数学模型,用图像质量方程预估侦察目标的图像质量,以所有目标图像质量的加权之和最大、路径长度最小为目标函数.在传感器侦察范围、飞机机动和目标图像质量要求以及威胁等多约束条件下运用改进后的多目标进化算法NSGA-II寻优,得到侦察航迹点的Pareto最优解集.以目标图像质量、路径长度和路径威胁为评价因素,专家系统给出当前评价因素加权权值,用模糊选优方法在Pareto最优解集中选择该加权意义下的唯一最优路径.仿真结果证明了该方法的可行性和智能性.