低马赫数流动数值模拟方法的研究

在文献[1，2]提出的一种低马赫数流动数值模拟新方法的基础上，本文作者进一步优化了算法，确定了该方法适用的马赫数范围，讨论了参数σ对计算的影响。大量的定常／非定常、低雷诺数流动的计算结果表明这种方法具有计算精度高、收敛速度快以及计算花销小的特点。     

Computational engineering analysis of external geometrical modifications on MQ-1 unmanned combat aerial vehicle

This paper focuses on the effects of external geometrical modifications on the aerodynamic characteristics of the MQ-1 predator Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle (UCAV) using computational fluid dynamics. The investigations are performed for 16 flight conditions at an altitude of 7.6 km and at a constant speed of 56.32 m/s. Two models are analysed, namely the baseline model and the model with external geometrical modifications installed on it. Both the models are investigated for various angles of attack from −4° to 16°, angles of bank from 0° to 6° and angles of yaw from 0° to 4°. Due to the unavailability of any experimental (wind tunnel or flight test) data for this UCAV in the literature, a thorough verification of calculations process is presented to demonstrate confidence level in the numerical simulations. The analysis quantifies the loss of lift and increase in drag for the modified version of the MQ-1 predator UCAV along with the identification of stall conditions. Local improvement (in drag) of up to 96% has been obtained by relocating external modifications, whereas global drag force reduction of roughly 0.5% is observed. The effects of external geometrical modifications on the control surfaces indicate the blanking phenomenon and reduction in forces on the control surfaces that can reduce the aerodynamic performance of the UCAV.     

进口速度和含气率对气泡-液体两相湍流影响的数值研究

气泡-液体两相湍流规律的一个重要问题是,气泡究竟是加强还是削弱液体湍流,或者何时加强何时削弱液体湍流,尚有待深入探讨.本文用作者们提出的二阶矩液体-气泡两相湍流模型即两相雷诺应力方程模型模拟了二维通道内气泡-液体闭式多股射流在不同含气率和不同进口速度下的气泡和液体湍流脉动速度.预报结果和文献中给出的实验结果趋势一致.研究结果显示出低含气率及低进口速度下气泡增强液体湍流,高含气率及高进口速度下气泡削弱液体湍流的规律,澄清了众说纷纭的看法.     

基于蒙特卡罗法的航空发动机空气系统稳态算法优化

针对目前航空发动机空气系统稳态算法中收敛性依赖初值的问题,将蒙特卡罗方法与流体网络法综合应用到空气系统可压缩流体一维网络计算中,提出了一种新的计算方法Monte Carlo-Fluid Network（MC-FN）。该方法将空气系统简化为由节点和元件组成的网络,借助蒙特卡罗方法获得空气系统内各节点压力分配,再根据空气系统中各元件流阻特性和换热特性计算流量、温度。计算中通过将游动次数比较少的蒙特卡罗方法的计算结果作为流量残差法节点压力、温度的初始值,实现快速求得精确收敛解。与流量残差算法相比,MC-FN方法计算精度不变,收敛速度提升了66.5%;与线性求解法相比,MC-FN方法的计算精度提升了25.2%,收敛速度提升了43.8%。     

基于光流信息的圆弧偏置比例导引规律

提出了一种改进的用于被动寻的导弹的基于光流带落角约束的导引规律,其具有更强的适应性和更小的落角误差,而且该导引律不要求弹目距离信息,克服了被动寻的导弹不能测距的约束.基于采用光学传感器和光流算法的测量模型,受昆虫导航的启发,利用光流信息进行被动寻的导弹的导引和控制.同时借鉴偏置比例导引律的结构,重新设计偏置项,实现导弹以期望的落角命中目标.仿真表明,拦截地面运动目标时,该导引律在保证小脱靶量的同时,基本达到期望的落角,对于测量噪声也具有较好的鲁棒性.      

Topological Studies of Three-dimensional Flows in a High Pressure Compressor Stator Blade Row without and with Boundary Layer Aspiration

This paper presents a numerical study of the flow topologies of three-dimensional (3D) flows in a high pressure compressor stator blade row without and with boundary layer aspiration on the hub wall. The stator blade is representative of the first stage operating under transonic inlet conditions and the blade design encourages development of highly complex 3D flows. The blade has a small tip clearance. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies show progressive increase of hub corner stall with the increase in incidence. Aspiration is implemented on the hub wall via a slot in the corner between the hub wall and the suction surface. The CFD studies show aspiration to be sensitive to the suction flow rate; lower rate leads to very complex flow structures and increased level of losses whereas higher rate renders aspiration effective for control of hub corner separation. The flow topologies are studied by trace of skin friction lines on the walls. The nature of flow can be explained by the topological rules of closed separation. Furthermore, a deeper analysis is done for a particular case with advanced criterion to test the non-degeneracy of critical points in the flow field.     

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON SWIRLING AND RECIRCULATING TWO-PHASE FLOW FIELD IN A COLD MODEL OF DUAL-INLET SUDDEN-EXPANSION COMBUSTOR

The axial and tangential velocities of gas and particle phases and particle concentration for turbulent swirling and recirculating gas-particle (simulating gas-droplet) flows in a cold model of a dual-inlet sudden-expansion combustor with partially tangential central tubes, proposed by the present authors, were measured by using a 2-D LDV system and a laser optic fiber system combined with a sampling probe. The results show that there are both gas and particle strongly reverse flows and swirling flows in the head part of the combustor. The velocity slip between gas and particle phases is remarkable. The particle concentration is higher near the wall and lower near the axis. There are two peaks in the concentration profiles near the inlet tubes. The above-obtained flow characteristics are favorable to ignition, flame stabilization and combustion. The results can also be used to validate the numerical modeling.     

扑动翼型的低雷诺数气动特性分析

通过求解引入拟压缩项的不可压Navier-Stokes方程,数值模拟了绕扑动翼型的低雷诺数非定常流动。针对厚度在4%-12%之间的NACA对称翼型,分析了翼型厚度等参数对扑动翼型气动特性的影响。在低雷诺数条件下,对于纯俯仰运动,随着翼型厚度的减小,平均阻力系数也变小。而对于纯沉浮运动,发现翼型厚度对气动特性的影响和俯仰运动有很大的差别,平均阻力系数随着翼型厚度的减小而变大。通过对沉浮运动一个周期流线图的分析,认为这是翼型前缘涡的影响造成的。由于前缘涡的影响,翼型厚度增加,平均压差阻力系数变小,甚至会出现负值。雷诺数的影响研究表明,随着雷诺数的增加,扑动翼型的阻力系数减小的趋势越缓慢。     

Local stability analysis of interface region of astrophysical viscous shear flows with a gradual velocity gradient

In this paper, we extend the stability analysis of cold sharp shear flows to warm astrophysical cases with, inevitable, gradual velocity gradient in the interface region in the presence of viscosity effect. Using linear perturbation theory as well as the local approximation method, the instability growth rate of the excited electromagnetic modes has been investigated for the relativistic and non-relativistic cases of solar wind interacting with interstellar plasma medium. Results show that astrophysical shear systems with a small velocity gradient in the transition region are more stable rather than larger ones. Moreover, dependent on the viscosity coefficient value, the viscosity effects could have a positive role on the instability growth rate of the system in some range of initial bulk velocity, while it plays a destructive role in other velocity ranges.     

含摩擦和加热的跨声速流动数值模拟研究

喷管中跨声速流动的反应流体动力学是实验和理论研究的一个重要领域.本文主要由两部分构成,在第一部分中对文献[2]中的Murman格式[1]的一般形式进行了简化,得到了守恒形式的欧拉方程,并对其求解方法进行了讨论,同时针对Chattot等的工作展开了分析,并给出了带激波的流动计算结果;而文章的第二部分则研究了包含摩擦、加热以及耗散的跨声速流动,并重点关注了一步Arrhenius化学反应模型下的爆震现象.本文还探究了摩擦力和带燃烧的跨声速流动之间的相互作用,同时详细给出了新的欧拉方程数值求解算法并同已有文献算例进行了对比验证.