Advances in fabrication of ceramic corundum abrasives based on sol–gel process

Corundum abrasives with good chemical stability can be fabricated into various free abrasives and bonded abrasive tools that are widely used in the precision machining of various parts. However, these abrasives cannot satisfy the machining requirements of difficult-to-machine materials with high hardness, high strength, and strong wearing resistance. Although superhard abrasives can machine the above-mentioned materials, their dressing and manufacturing costs are high. By contrast, ceramic corundum abrasives fabricated by sol–gel method is a cost-effective product between conventional and superhard abrasives. Ceramic corundum abrasives exhibit self-sharpening and high toughness. In this review, the optimization methods of ceramic corundum abrasive properties are introduced from three aspects: precursor synthesis, particle shaping, and sintering. Firstly, the functional mechanism of seeds and additives on the microstructural and mechanical properties of abrasives is analyzed. Specifically, seeds can reduce the phase transition temperature and improve fracture toughness. The grain size and uniformly dense structure can be controlled by applying an appropriate amount of multicomponent additives. Then, the urgent need of engineering application and machinability of special shape ceramic corundum abrasives is reviewed, and three methods of abrasive shaping are summarized. The micromold replication technique is highly advanced and can be used to prepare functional abrasives. Additionally, the influence of a new sintering method, namely, two-step sintering technique, on the microstructural and mechanical performance of ceramic corundum abrasives is summarized. Finally, the challenge and developmental trend of the optimization of ceramic corundum abrasives are prospected.     

A regional tropospheric model for airborne GPS applications

A regional tropospheric model can be constructed using surveys from GPS ground networks. Using this model the tropospheric delays of a kinematic station within the region can be interpolated. However, such a model is generally not suitable for an airborne platform high above the ground networks. In this paper, a method of constructing a regional tropospheric model for airborne GPS applications is described. First, the kinematic station in the air is projected onto the ground. Then the tropospheric delays at projected point are interpolated from those of the ground networks. Finally, the tropospheric delays at projected point are extended upward to the airborne platform using pressure and temperature gradients and humidity exponential function. For validation of this method, the data of airborne campaign carried out by BKG in cooperation with GFZ and BGR 2008 in the northern Alps are used. The results show that GPS kinematic positioning precision in height component can be improved using this method.     

几种生长模型参数的最小二乘估计方法及应用

提出一种Logistic模型、Gompertz模型、Mitscherlich模型和Bertallanffy模型的分布参数估计方法，这种方法以加权最小二乘法为基础，推导求解分布参数的方程组。利用这类曲线模型中参数形式的特点，使同时求解三个参数的问题简化为同时求解两个参数的问题，并给出求解参数耦合方程组的二重二分迭代法。预测地基沉降的计算实例表明，这种方法对于迭代初值的选取要求较低、求解速度快、精度高，而且通过选取权因子可以对已有数据实现“重近轻远”的处理。     

消费者创新性对手机银行使用意愿的影响研究

探索消费者创新性对手机银行使用意愿的影响,基于技术接受模型,构建了消费者创新性影响手机银行使用意愿的假设模型,依据假设模型开展了问卷调查。通过AMOS17.0软件对调查数据和假设模型进行了结构方程模型检验。研究结果表明,消费者创新性对手机银行使用意向具有显著影响,其影响机制是通过消费者对手机银行易用性和有用性的感知影响消费者对手机银行的使用态度,进而影响手机银行使用意向。在此基础上对商业银行发展手机银行提出了实践建议。     

军用飞机型号研制试飞费用估算研究

在借鉴国外经验的基础上,对国内军用飞机型号研制试飞费用的构成进行了研究,提出基于兰德DAPCA IV模型的军用飞机型号研制试飞费用估算模型,为试飞费用的估算提供了依据。     

用于分级燃烧的高性能燃油分配器的改进设计与仿真

为了提高燃料使用效率、降低污染物排放,在已有分级燃烧燃油分配器基础上,针对航空发动机双环腔燃烧室改进设计了1种高性能燃油分配器。简述了分级燃烧燃油分配器的工作原理,建立了其AMESim模型。根据设计要求,通过仿真验证了燃油分配器的稳定性、分配比与输入信号的稳态关系,计算了燃油分配器输出与燃油分配计划表之间的误差,分析了燃油分配器的动态特性以及对外部参数变化的鲁棒性,并且针对该分配器的非线性特性提出了解决办法。仿真结果表明：与文献[4]所设计的燃油分配器相比,改进设计的燃油分配器鲁棒性更好,稳态和动态性能更优。     

基于测控系统的质量信息监测系统设计与应用

在测控试验现场,针对测控设备状态和测控数据的质量信息,采用智能自动监测技术对设备和测控数据进行实时监视以及动态分析,提出了科学的异常判决方法和处理方案,开发了试验质量信息综合分析实时监测系统,实现了测控流程智能化管控、测控信息自动分析处理和质量信息自动化管理。在多颗卫星的跟踪验证中,质量信息监测系统对卫星长期管理的宏参数宏配置下发、标校和目标捕获与跟踪等任务过程能够进行准确监视,可以及时监测到测控数据和测控时间的异常并报警,并能够自动生成任务实施登记表等测控质量报表。实验表明,质量信息监测系统软硬件设计完善、状态监测点设置合理、判读测控事件方法有效。     

基于双三次B样条插值的薄壁件加工误差补偿方法

以薄壁件加工过程为研究对象,针对薄壁件加工的误差预测、补偿问题,提出一种基于双三次B样条插值的薄壁件加工误差补偿方法.在获得薄壁件历史加工数据的基础上,运用插值理论建立误差模型,得到误差分布规律,考虑切削力与弹性变形之间的迭代影响建立误差补偿方法.该方法综合考虑了弹性变形、热误差、几何误差等多种误差源,通过数值分析方法建立误差模型,避免以往薄壁件误差建模中误差源分析不全、解析困难的弊端,最终以薄板工件为例,通过实验验证,应用该误差补偿方法可有效提高薄壁件的加工精度.     

基于SP-ABC算法的数控铣削参数优化

针对铣削加工中成本最低的优化问题,采用一种改进的人工蜂群(SP-ABC)算法对铣削参数进行优化.在基本ABC算法的基础上,嵌入粒子群(PSO)算法,以提高算法的局部寻优能力.此外,不同于传统的单工序优化,建立的优化目标模型,在考虑实际生产过程中的各种约束条件下,可同时对粗、精两个阶段多道工序同步进行优化.计算机仿真结果表明,相较其他的基本算法,该算法能够找到更优的铣削参数组合,从而实现铣削加工过程的成本最低化.     

基于MBD的数控加工工艺技术研究

针对传统数控加工工艺设计面临的问题,提出在基于MBD(Model Based Definition)的设计与工艺协同的新模式下,实现工厂工艺资源管理、数控加工工艺设计、工序模型的创建及三维标注、结构化工艺设计、三维作业指导卡的发布等一体化管理与应用.结构化工艺设计技术的应用将极大地缩短产品研制生产周期,为全面推进工厂的数字化建设提供了保障.