一种基于FRM的余弦调制滤波器组时域优化方法

为适应高速数据传输和宽带信道化滤波需求,设计大子带数的余弦调制滤波器组已成为当前研究的热点。为了进一步改善子带频谱特性,减小滤波器组重建误差,依据余弦调制滤波器组时域完全重建条件,提出一种基于频响掩蔽滤波技术的原型滤波器优化设计方法。分析原先关于原型滤波器时域完全重建约束条件及其阻带能量的直接表达形式,理论推导其关于FRM模型滤波器与掩蔽滤波器的间接形式,并设计一种基于SOCP的迭代优化算法。计算机仿真实验结果和分析表明,算法可在较低复杂度下设计通带平坦且具有锐截止频率特性的原型滤波器,在余弦调制滤波器组子带数目超过1000时仍然适用。     

基于简化RLS算法的无源雷达杂波抑制

研究了利用调频广播信号作为非合作目标照射源的收发分置无源雷达系统的运动目标检测方法。针对直达波、多径信号对目标检测性能的影响,选择自适应滤波方法抵消杂波。LMS算法计算复杂度低,但收敛速度慢;相反RLS算法收敛速度快,但计算复杂度高。综合两者优点,提出了一种简化RLS算法:复数两级欧几里德坐标下降算法(CDCD)。基于实测数据的处理结果表明:与同量级复杂度的LMS和FEDS相比,该算法具有更好的收敛速度。最后通过对杂波相消后的主天线信号与参考信号相干匹配实现目标检测。     

一种再入类弹道模型的目标跟踪算法研究

针对当前机动目标跟踪算法中跟踪模型与再入目标实际运动差别较大,影响跟踪精度的问题,根据弹道导弹再入段的特点,分析目标运动状态,推导出一种基于再入类弹道目标模型的目标跟踪算法,并与基于CA模型的目标跟踪算法做了性能比较,结果表明,该算法具有可行性,可以提高对目标的跟踪精度。     

GPS接收机精确授时技术研究

导航接收机定位后往往需要将计算得到的本地时与GPS系统时的时间差直接补偿到本地时间系统中,使得二者的时间系统达到同步,但是这种方式无法修正二者之间的频率差异,导致本地时钟在本地时修正后渐渐“漂离”了正确的系统时间,本文采用了DDS的方式控制本地时钟频率,在导航解算得到本地时偏差后,通过一个二阶滤波器,将滤波后的时间偏差...     

基于舰船目标的极化SAR改进滤波算法研究

针对传统极化白化滤波(PWF)算法在处理极化SAR数据时的缺陷,提出一种改进的方法,该方法利用边缘模板检测和Freem an散射特性分解等技术对存在结构特征区域的图像采取特殊处理,提高了存在结构特征区域图像的滤波性能。实验证明,改进方法具有更强的自适应性,可有效降低相干斑噪声,特别是在边缘区域,能更好地保持舰船目标的结构信息。     

基于信号重构的雷达与雷达对抗侦察一体化接收技术

针对雷达接收机和雷达对抗侦察接收机存在的不同特征,提出了基于信号重构的雷达与雷达对抗侦察一体化接收技术。首先利用复指数调制滤波器组将中频带宽分解为若干子带,再通过频谱感知和信号重构实现非均匀动态信道化,最后利用非均匀动态信道化技术分别接收雷达回波信号和辐射源直射信号。为了满足一体化接收机的瞬时动态范围、灵敏度、监视带宽以及频率分辨率等性能指标的要求,本文引入一种大M值高阻带衰减原型滤波器设计方法。理论分析和仿真试验表明了该一体化接收技术的有效性。
     

高稳可变频率源的低杂散设计与实现

现代雷达电子对抗广泛使用DRFM 对雷达信号进行采样、存储与处理。传统频率合成技术无法同时满足高性能DRFM 对频率信号的稳定、低杂散、多路相参等指标要求。研究了频率源输出信号的抖动与杂散谐波对采样系统杂散性能的影响,结合传统频率合成技术,设计了基于FPGA和低噪声时钟抖动消除器的频率源电路,并对初级信号的谐波抑制设计了基于带通滤波器和微带滤波器的窄带滤波电路。最后,对系统的测试结果表明,本设计可输出多路频率范围为2．27～2600M Hz（分段）的频率信号,步进小于10kHz。信号相位噪声优于－95dBc／Hz ＠100kHz ,杂散抑制优于－60dBc。     

北斗三号卫星共视时间比对性能分析

为评估现阶段北斗三号卫星共视时间比对性能,基于中科院国家授时中心(NTSC)和捷克光电研究院(TP)各自保持的国家时间基准系统,开展了基线长度约7500 km的北斗三号卫星亚欧共视时间比对试验。首先从单站北斗卫星可视数及其卫星高度角两方面进行了分析,然后利用频率响应法确定Vondrak滤波平滑因子后对共视比对数据进行了降噪处理,最后将北斗三号卫星共视时间比对结果与北斗二号卫星及GPS共视时间比对结果进行了比较。结果表明：在当前北斗全球组网阶段,北斗三号卫星在中捷共视可视卫星数比北斗二号卫星少的情况下,其共视时间比对精度达到1.16 ns,较北斗二号提升约19%,10000 s以内的时间和频率稳定度也优于北斗二号。     

A variational Bayesian-based robust adaptive filtering for precise point positioning using undifferenced and uncombined observations

In the application of precise point positioning (PPP), especially in the dynamic mode, the classical Kalman filter (KF) usually produces a large number of estimation errors or diverges when there are gross errors in the observation data or unexpected turbulences occur in target motion state or both of them. For such problem, a variational Bayesian (VB)-based robust adaptive Kalman filtering (VB-RAKF) is proposed in this paper. This filter introduces a classification robust equivalent weight function to resist observation gross error and the inverse Wishart prior to model inaccurate process noise covariance matrix (PNCM). To improve the instantaneous accuracy of state estimation, the VB approach is used to obtain better estimations of inaccurate PNCM. Several sets of observation data collected by IGS reference stations and vehicles are employed to check the robustness and positioning accuracy of the VB-RAKF model. The results show that the VB-RAKF algorithm is more robust than the KF, and can effectively resist the gross error in observation data and control state disturbance. In the IGS reference station tests, when compared to the KF, the static positioning accuracies of the VB-RAKF in the north, east and up directions are improved by 13%, 8% and 22%, respectively, and the simulated dynamic positioning accuracies of the VB-RAKF in the north, east and up directions are improved by 19%, 9% and 21%, respectively. The in-vehicle dynamic test verifies that the VB-RAKF outperforms the KF, and shows that the VB-RAKF has better performance than the KF when dealing with observation data which has obvious gross errors, and similar performance as the KF when gross errors are small.     

Lock threshold deterioration induced by antenna vibration and signal coupling effects in hypersonic vehicle carrier tracking system of Ka band

The envelope of a hypersonic vehicle is affected by severe fluctuating pressure, which causes the airborne antenna to vibrate slightly. This vibration mixes with the transmitted signals and thus introduces additional multiplicative phase noise. Antenna vibration and signal coupling effects as well as their influence on the lock threshold of the hypersonic vehicle carrier tracking system of the Ka band are investigated in this study. A vibration model is initially established to obtain phase noise in consideration of the inherent relationship between vibration displacement and electromagnetic wavelength. An analytical model of the Phase-Locked Loop(PLL), which is widely used in carrier tracking systems, is established. The coupling effects on carrier tracking performance are investigated and quantitatively analyzed by imposing the multiplicative phase noise on the PLL model. Simulation results show that the phase noise presents a Gaussian distribution and is similar to vibration displacement variation. A large standard deviation in vibration displacement exerts a significant effect on the lock threshold. A critical standard deviation is observed in the PLL of Binary Phase Shift Keying(BPSK) and Quadrature Phase Shift Keying(QPSK) signals. The effect on QPSK signals is more severe than that on BPSK signals. The maximum tolerable standard deviations normalized by the wavelength of the carrier are 0.04 and 0.02 for BPSK and QPSK signals,respectively. With these critical standard deviations, lock thresholds are increased from à12 andà4 d B to 3 and à2 d B, respectively.