单凹腔驻涡燃烧室值班油气匹配研究

为开展单凹腔驻涡燃烧室值班油气匹配思路研究,采用试验研究方法,在燃烧室进口压力、温度以及马赫数分别为0.101MPa、487 K、0.25,燃料为航空煤油的条件下开展试验。试验中主要研究了4种不同总油气比FAR =0.0093、0.0124、0.0155、0.0186,以及对应相同总油气比下不同凹腔油气匹配思路。即通过更改凹腔进气结构,在总油气比一定的情况下,调节凹腔当量比Φca。研究结果表明：凹腔内的油气匹配对燃烧效率影响显著。当总油气比小于0.0155时,不同凹腔当量比的燃烧效率均随总油气比增加而增加;总油气比大于0.0155后,不同凹腔当量比的燃烧效率随油气比的变化规律有所差异,当凹腔富油时,燃烧效率减少;当凹腔由贫转富时,燃烧效率缓慢上升;进一步研究发现,凹腔当量比小于1.4时,不同当量比的燃烧效率随总油气比增加均有所增长,在凹腔当量比大于1.4后,效率有下降的趋势。因此,在总油气比相同,仅凹腔供油的工作状态,凹腔局部富油时的燃烧效率高于当量比为1时的燃烧效率。凹腔当量比1.4为仅凹腔供油燃烧的最佳当量比。     

氧化剂对水冲压镁基富燃料推进剂燃烧特性影响

理论近似计算了镁基富燃料推进剂中镁粉与不同氧化剂反应时的爆热、燃烧产物的温度等;测试了不同推进剂体系的燃烧速度;对含四种不同氧化剂的镁基富燃料推进剂的燃烧产物的反应活性进行了研究。研究结果表明:高氯酸铵体系的一次燃烧温度最高,一次燃烧剩余镁粉含量最少;氧化剂为硝酸钾的体系的燃烧温度最低;硝酸钠作为氧化剂的体系的燃速最高,含有高氯酸铵体系的燃速最低;高氯酸钾体系的燃烧产物与水反应的产气总量最多,高氯酸铵体系的燃烧产物与海水反应启动速度最快。     

火箭发动机燃烧过程无记忆鲁棒镇定的积分不等式方法

研究了液体火箭发动机燃烧室燃烧过程的无记忆鲁棒镇定问题。通过构造适当的Lyapunov泛函并结合积分不等式变换技巧,将所得的非线性矩阵不等式转化为可解的线性矩阵不等式,导出了不确定时滞系统可鲁棒镇定的时滞相关条件。与现有方法相比,该方法不涉及模型变换技术,因而减少了理论与计算上的复杂性。同时在较大的参数变化范围内保证了燃烧过程的鲁棒镇定。最后通过数值仿真验证了其有效性。
     

求解C_nH_mO_lN_k-空气系统化学平衡成分的双变量迭代法

燃烧过程和高温气体热力过程的计算需要求解燃气的化学平衡成分。本文提出了一种求解C_(n)H_(m)O_(l)N_(h)-空气系统化学平衡成分的双变量迭代法。与普通的简单迭代法相比,双变量迭代法的收敛性十分可靠;与赫夫法和怀特法相比,双变量迭代法的计算机程序十分简单、计算量极小(所需机时仅为前两者的10％～30％),而收敛性还有所改善。此外,对于贫油混气,文中还提出了双变量同时迭代的计算方案,使计算过程的收敛速度进一步提高。     

Investigation on low total temperature combustion characteristics of kerosene-fueled supersonic combustor

In this paper, the combustion characteristics of kerosene-fueled supersonic combustor under the conditions of Mach number 2.0, the total temperature at 700 K and the total pressure at 520 k Pa(simulated flight Mach number at 3.5) were studied by using the flame stabilizing method of cavity and strut from three aspects such as blockage ratios, kerosene equivalence ratios, location and quantity of injection holes. The results showed that:(A) The combustor with the strut realized the independent an...     

模型燃烧室中值班火焰稳定器的燃烧不稳定性研究

针对值班火焰的燃烧不稳定性问题，通过试验得到了不同当量比工况下的火焰结构、压力脉动信号和热释放脉动信号。对脉动信号进行傅立叶分析，获得了脉动信号的频率和振幅。结果表明，随着当量比增加，火焰形态发生变化，燃烧室内发生了164Hz三阶模态向109Hz二阶模态的转换。对火焰平均结构、火焰瞬态结构和火焰正交分解（POD）结果进行分析后发现，漩涡脱落频率和燃烧室某一阶声学模态耦合是维持燃烧不稳定性的机理，耦合的强弱和漩涡脱落的尺度大小决定了热声振荡的振幅大小，火焰形态的变化导致热释放中心位置的变化是引起模态转换的机理。     

船用大功率柴油机瞬态工况油气响应及燃烧特性研究

针对船用大功率柴油机瞬态性能提升的需求，开展了增压中冷船用大功率柴油机瞬态工况动态响应及燃烧特性实验研究。研究表明，涡轮增压器惯性导致的进气滞后是柴油机瞬态工况下性能恶化的主要原因；突加载工况下，进气量响应滞后供油量响应4~5个工作循环，且进气量响应速度随初始负荷增加而增加，指示平均有效压力（Indicated Mean Effective Pressure，IMEP）等燃烧特征参数加载过程中响应速度较快，波动较小；缸内燃烧过程恶化，燃烧重心和燃烧终点较同负荷下稳态工况值均推迟。     

Similarity phenomena of lean swirling flames at different bulk velocities with acoustic disturbances

In this study, flame responses to acoustic disturbances with different frequencies and amplitudes were experimentally investigated in a lean premixed swirl-stabilized combustor operating at different bulk velocities. The total heat release rate fluctuations and spatial CH* chemiluminescence distributions were captured using a photomultiplier tube and high-speed camera, respectively. The results indicate that the heat release rate exhibits a relatively drastic oscillation and high-order harmonics for low-frequency disturbances. When the bulk velocity and forcing frequency were doubled simultaneously, similar flame structures were observed in the CH* chemiluminescence distributions. As the bulk velocity increases, the gain of the Flame Describing Function (FDF) extends toward the higher frequencies, and the delay time of the flame response decreases. The similarity among FDFs at different bulk velocities was effectively captured by introducing a non-dimensional parameter, defined as the ratio of the flame response delay to the forcing time scale, to replace the dimensional forcing frequency. Furthermore, the availability of the newly defined non-dimensional parameter was verified for flames with different swirl numbers, as this played an important role in determining the flame structures and associated unsteady heat release rate.     

Effect of mixing section configurations on combustion efflciency of Mg-CO2 Martian ramjet

Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of the mixing section configurations on the Mg-CO₂ Martian ramjet combustion efficiency. It was carried out at a mainstream mass flow rate of 110 g/s and a temperature of 810 K. The chamber pressure was measured under different configurations and Oxidizer to Fuel(O/F) ratios. Results showed that the engine achieved self-sustaining combustion and worked stably during experiments. The pre-combustion chamber is needed to increase the co...     

Effect of baffle injectors on the first-order tangential acoustic mode in a cylindrical combustor

Combustion instability is a very important issue in the development of the propulsion systems used in aerospace. It is very important to associate the high frequency combustion instabilities with the acoustic characteristics of the combustion chamber. In this paper, the effects of various baffle injectors which were installed on the injector faceplate on the first-order tangential acoustic mode were investigated theoretically and experimentally. The effects of the gap between adjacent injectors on the first-order tangential acoustic mode in a cylindrical chamber were considered. The acoustic admittance of the injectors was derived. The results showed that the amplitude and frequency of the first-order tangential acoustic mode increase with the increase in the gap between adjacent injectors, but decrease with the increase in the number and height of the baffles. The baffle injectors have a greater influence on the amplitude and frequency of the first-order tangential acoustic mode than the baffle blades.