改型尾缘对翼型流场影响的数值模拟

建立了NACA23012翼型后缘加装Gurney襟翼模型和高度为2%弦长的Gurney襟翼翼型的后缘表面曲率进行修改的模型,并利用FLUENT软件对其进行数值模拟,得到不同模型在不同风速,不同攻角下的空气动力学性能（Cl、Cd）以及翼型表面压力、速度、马赫数的分布等.计算结果表明：四种单纯的加装Gurney襟翼的模型中,高度为2%弦长的Gurney襟翼模型具有最高的升阻比.而与单纯加装Gurney襟翼的模型相比,修改下表面后缘曲率的模型的升阻比可提高14%左右.在0.5度攻角以下及负攻角时,与 NACA23012原型相比,各改型的升阻比都有所提高.     

基于自适应滤波的电控旋翼桨距控制试验

提出了基于自适应滤波的电控旋翼桨距控制方法,并基于此开发了双闭环电控旋翼桨距控制系统,利用模型电控旋翼试验台进行了悬停状态下的桨距控制试验.试验结果表明:所研制的双闭环电控旋翼桨距控制系统能够有效、可靠地实现襟翼操纵和桨距控制.基于自适应滤波的桨距控制律可以很好地实现电控旋翼的总距、周期变距以及总距耦合周期变距操纵;桨距响应幅值满足要求,相位滞后约在10°～15°之间;从襟翼偏转到桨叶变距响应的滞后约20°～30°.不同桨叶/襟翼自身的结构及气动特性差异,会一定程度的影响桨距控制的实际效果.      

复杂形式球型收敛调节片喷管内流场计算及分析

为了分析复杂形式球型收敛调节片喷管(SCFN)三维内流场特性, 对六角形和领结形的SCFN进行几何建模, 并利用N-S方程和S-A模型, 对两种喷管在不同落压比(NPR)下进行了内流场数值模拟.研究表明, 计算结果与实验结果吻合较好;在此基础上, 对两种喷管的流场特性及性能进行了比较分析.      

关于飞机功能敏捷性尺度的计算

介绍了战斗机功能敏捷性尺度，即空战周期，动态速度转弯图，相对能量状态，指向余度及其计算模拟方法，给出了这些指标的衡量战斗机空战性能时的作用，并以Ｆ－１６及Ｍｉｇ－２９飞机为，具体的计算，模拟和分析，结果表明，必须用功能敏捷性的几个尺度才能完整地反映某架飞机的功能敏捷性，用功能敏捷性尺度测量了飞机本体和飞机控制系统组合的能力，且计算结果对操纵方案敏感。这一工作对我国新一代战斗机的空战性能评估具有一定     

大迎角限制器设计与飞机敏捷性

在介绍高机动性飞机大迎角限制器和飞机敏捷性要求的基础上，以典型战半机为例，计算了飞机的敏捷性尺度，根据计算结果进一步分析大迎角限制器对飞机敏捷性的影响，并以空战周期时间为例，说明迎角限制器参数的选择应兼顾飞机的敏捷性与飞行安全两方面。     

富勒襟翼外形的参数化建模及优化

富勒襟翼能够产生比普通单缝襟翼更大的升力增量,而且比双缝和多缝襟翼结构简单、活动部件少,更有利与气动优化,在现代民用飞机上有着越来越多的应用。本文使用二次曲线分段构造富勒襟翼的几何外形,使用SST-k-ω湍流模型对气动网格模型进行数值模拟,以此为基础优化襟翼的几何外形来提高襟翼的升力增量,并对襟翼外形优化前后的计算结果进行了分析。研究结果表明,通过优化富勒襟翼外形,可以提高襟翼头部的吸力峰值,进而提高对主翼环量诱导作用,使得两段翼型的升力系数增加。基于CFD流场显示,可以发现由于襟翼缝道流动对襟翼气流的分离起到抑制作用,因此随着两段翼型迎角的适当增加,反而可以改善襟翼上方气流的分离情况。     

旋转圆柱对翼型气动特性影响的数值模拟研究

采用数值模拟的方法研究了旋转圆柱对NACA0015翼型气动特性的影响,着重分析了前缘旋转圆柱转速比和缝隙大小对翼型升阻特性的作用规律以及不同安装位置的高速旋转圆柱结合简单襟翼偏转下的翼型气动力特性。结果表明,高速旋转的圆柱代替翼型前缘可以有效地抑制翼型背风区的流动分离,延缓边界层的发展从而改善翼型气动特性。前缘旋转圆柱理想的转速比在4附近,缝隙在2.5mm至1.5mm之间可以满足使用要求。简单襟翼结合前、后缘高速旋转圆柱情况下翼型的气动力特性可以比拟精心设计的多段翼型。旋转圆柱具有增升减阻效果显著,需要主动输入的能量极少等优点,是一种具有良好应用前景的边界层流动控制技术。     

超临界翼型Gurney襟翼增升技术实验研究

通过在二元翼型风洞中进行测力实验,研究了不同高度Gurney襟翼对超临界翼型气动力和力矩的影响规律.实验结果表明:在亚声速条件下,Gurney襟翼同样可以明显增加翼型的升力系数,使整个升力曲线向上平移,并使翼型低头力矩增加.高度为翼型弦长0.5%的Gurney襟翼可以带来超临界翼型的最大升阻比.同Gurney襟翼对NACA 0012翼型气动特性改变的对比表明,其在超临界翼型上带来的升力系数增量要大于在NACA 0012翼型上的效果,但是带来的低头力矩增量较小.     

Morphing wing flaps for large civil aircraft: Evolution of a smart technology across the Clean Sky program

Morphing wing structures are widely considered among the most promising technologies for the improvement of aerodynamic performances in large civil aircraft. The controlled adaptation of the wing shape to external operative conditions naturally enables the maximization of aircraft aerodynamic efficiency, with positive fallouts on the amount of fuel burned and pollutant emissions. The benefits brought by morphing wings at aircraft level are accompanied by the criticalities of the enabling technologies, mainly involving weight penalties, overconsumption of electrical power, and safety issues. The attempt to solve such criticalities passes through the development of novel design approaches, ensuring the consolidation of reliable structural solutions that are adequately mature for certification and in-flight operations. In this work, the development phases of a multimodal camber morphing wing flap, tailored for large civil aircraft applications, are outlined with specific reference to the activities addressed by the author in the framework of the Clean Sky program.The flap is morphed according to target shapes depending on aircraft flight conditions and defined to enhance high-lift performances during takeoff and landing, as well as wing aerodynamic efficiency during cruise. An innovative system based on finger-like robotic ribs driven by electromechanical actuators is proposed as morphing-enabling technology; the maturation process of the device is then traced from the proof of concept to the consolidation of a true-scale demonstrator for pre-flight ground validation tests. A step-by-step approach involving the design and testing of intermediate demonstrators is then carried out to show the compliance of the adaptive system with industrial standards and safety requirements. The technical issues encountered during the development of each intermediate demonstrator are critically analyzed, and justifications are provided for all the adopted engineering solutions. Finally, the layout of the true-scale demonstrator is presented, with emphasis on the architectural strengths, enabling the forthcoming validation in real operative conditions.