大型水陆两栖飞机吹气襟翼设计与分析验证

针对大型水陆两栖飞机的使用特点和指标要求,以原型机翼为基础,重点开展机翼附面层控制增升装置设计技术研究,设计了附面层控制的吹气襟翼方案.采用计算流体动力学方法作为初步设计的评估手段,全面分析评估了设计方案的气动力特性和流场结构,最后通过风洞试验验证了该方案的增升效果.结果显示该设计方案在较宽的吹气动量系数范围内,最大升力系数均有不同程度的增幅,在吹气动量系数约为0.2左右时,获得最大的升力系数增量约为1.0,按照原型机的滑流影响规律推算,当采用吹气襟翼的主动流动控制方案后,起降速度能下降约30%,达到了设计指标.      

大型客机两段翼型着陆滑跑气动性能数值研究

采用非定常数值模拟方法对包含前缘下垂、后缘铰链襟翼和上偏扰流板的两段翼型在着陆滑跑时的气动性能进行了研究。计算结果表明：①扰流板大角度上偏产生了明显的增阻效果,两段翼型的阻力系数在0.33以上,远大于一般的多段翼型（30P30N三段翼型不超过0.05）;②两段翼型的总升力系数始终为负值,其中前缘下垂、主翼和扰流板均提供负升力,而铰链襟翼提供正升力;③在两段翼型的铰链襟翼上翼面有一对脱体涡,会随着升力/阻力系数的周期性变化而扩张、收缩、消亡和再生,并随着来流向下游移动。     

COMPARISON OF THE EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF VORTEX CONTROL BY DEFLECTING FLAPS ON A HIGHLY SWEPT DELTA WING

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基于虚拟载荷校准试验的襟翼曲柄测载方法

飞行载荷测量是验证飞机结构完整性，完成飞机定型必需的试验项目。基于应变法的飞行载荷测量方法通过地面校准试验构建应变与加载载荷之间的对应关系，然后将飞行实测应变代入载荷模型求得飞行载荷。某型飞机襟翼驱动曲柄几何外形不规则，具有轴向弯折、截面非对称等特点，载荷测量存在困难。基于该襟翼驱动曲柄的运动机理及襟翼操纵机构的传力路径研究，对曲柄进行受力分析，提出曲柄载荷测量方法，并利用虚拟载荷校准试验的手段对本方法进行验证。结果表明，本文方法是正确、有效的。     

基于神经网络的飞机襟翼机构磨损失效判据确定方法

飞机襟翼使用过程中存在失效判据不易确定的问题,目前襟翼机构滑轨滑轮磨损间隙许用量主要是通过试验及使用统计数据分析确定。针对新研机构缺乏试验及使用数据的问题,通过对影响磨损间隙最大许用量的因素分析,提出应用神经网络学习确定襟翼滑轨滑轮间隙最大许用量的预测方法。算例验证表明,运用神经网络方法预测得到的滑轨滑轮架的间隙最大许...     

富勒襟翼外形的参数化建模及优化

富勒襟翼能够产生比普通单缝襟翼更大的升力增量,而且比双缝和多缝襟翼结构简单、活动部件少,更有利与气动优化,在现代民用飞机上有着越来越多的应用。本文使用二次曲线分段构造富勒襟翼的几何外形,使用SST-k-ω湍流模型对气动网格模型进行数值模拟,以此为基础优化襟翼的几何外形来提高襟翼的升力增量,并对襟翼外形优化前后的计算结果进行了分析。研究结果表明,通过优化富勒襟翼外形,可以提高襟翼头部的吸力峰值,进而提高对主翼环量诱导作用,使得两段翼型的升力系数增加。基于CFD流场显示,可以发现由于襟翼缝道流动对襟翼气流的分离起到抑制作用,因此随着两段翼型迎角的适当增加,反而可以改善襟翼上方气流的分离情况。     

Aerodynamic optimization and mechanism design of flexible variable camber trailing-edge flap

Trailing-edge flap is traditionally used to improve the takeoff and landing aerodynamic performance of aircraft.In order to improve flight efficiency during takeoff,cruise and landing states,the flexible variable camber trailing-edge flap is introduced,capable of changing its shape smoothly from 50% flap chord to the rear of the flap.Using a numerical simulation method for the case of the GA(W)-2 airfoil,the multi-objective optimization of the overlap,gap,deflection angle,and bending angle of the flap under takeoff and landing configurations is studied.The optimization results show that under takeoff configuration,the variable camber trailing-edge flap can increase lift coefficient by about 8% and lift-to-drag ratio by about 7% compared with the traditional flap at a takeoff angle of 8°.Under landing configuration,the flap can improve the lift coefficient at a stall angle of attack about 1.3%.Under cruise state,the flap helps to improve the lift-todrag ratio over a wide range of lift coefficients,and the maximum increment is about 30%.Finally,a corrugated structure–eccentric beam combination bending mechanism is introduced in this paper to bend the flap by rotating the eccentric beam.     

A300-600飞机前缘缝翼故障排除

介绍了A300—600飞机前缘缝翼系统的工作原理,对于航线维护中出现的典型故障进行了详细的分析,简述了故障的排除方法,给出了提高该系统可靠性的维护建议。     

Morphing wing flaps for large civil aircraft: Evolution of a smart technology across the Clean Sky program

Morphing wing structures are widely considered among the most promising technologies for the improvement of aerodynamic performances in large civil aircraft. The controlled adaptation of the wing shape to external operative conditions naturally enables the maximization of aircraft aerodynamic efficiency, with positive fallouts on the amount of fuel burned and pollutant emissions. The benefits brought by morphing wings at aircraft level are accompanied by the criticalities of the enabling technologies, mainly involving weight penalties, overconsumption of electrical power, and safety issues. The attempt to solve such criticalities passes through the development of novel design approaches, ensuring the consolidation of reliable structural solutions that are adequately mature for certification and in-flight operations. In this work, the development phases of a multimodal camber morphing wing flap, tailored for large civil aircraft applications, are outlined with specific reference to the activities addressed by the author in the framework of the Clean Sky program.The flap is morphed according to target shapes depending on aircraft flight conditions and defined to enhance high-lift performances during takeoff and landing, as well as wing aerodynamic efficiency during cruise. An innovative system based on finger-like robotic ribs driven by electromechanical actuators is proposed as morphing-enabling technology; the maturation process of the device is then traced from the proof of concept to the consolidation of a true-scale demonstrator for pre-flight ground validation tests. A step-by-step approach involving the design and testing of intermediate demonstrators is then carried out to show the compliance of the adaptive system with industrial standards and safety requirements. The technical issues encountered during the development of each intermediate demonstrator are critically analyzed, and justifications are provided for all the adopted engineering solutions. Finally, the layout of the true-scale demonstrator is presented, with emphasis on the architectural strengths, enabling the forthcoming validation in real operative conditions.