暖机对涡扇发动机加速过程中压气机叶尖间隙影响分析

为了研究涡扇发动机暖机程序是否合理,分析了暖机与不暖机对发动机加速过程中压气机叶尖间隙变化造成的影响,并进行了两种情况下变化规律的对比分析。建立了转子模型,在综合考虑转子离心载荷与温度载荷基础上,运用该发动机暖机与不暖机情况下台架测试数据绘制载荷谱,并基于Workbench平台采用热—固耦合分析方法对加速过程中发动机转子径向位移进行仿真计算。根据转子径向间隙计算模型,利用仿真结果计算获得暖机与不暖机情况下的叶尖间隙。结果表明,充分暖机后的压气机叶尖间隙值明显小于不暖机情况下的间隙值,相对原始装配间隙,两者在慢车状态时相差19.86%,在最大加力状态相差8.04%,且加速过程中叶尖间隙变化规律均为随时间增加而不断减小,在慢车至中间状态过程中迅速减小,在加力过程中缓慢减小。     

量子真空标准研究进展

2018 年,国际计量局将对国际单位制7 个基本量进行重新定义或重述。基于光学方法的真空计量新方法、新概念进一步发展,促进真空计量标准向量子化迈进,对真空基本量复现以及今后真空国际单位制的重新定义（由压力的SI 单位帕斯卡（Pa）向气体密度单位（mol/m3 或分子个数/m3,变化）具有重要意义。与传统计量技术相比,利用光学方法所建立的量子真空计量标准具有不需要自校、溯源链零长度、响应快、准确度高、可在多个地点及不同时间复现等优点,为真正意义上的绝对原级标准。本文介绍了美国国家标准与技术研究院（NIST）、德国联邦物理技术研究院（PTB）及瑞典国家测试和检定研究院（SNTRI）等机构开展的基于折射率、吸收光谱、冷原子3种光学方法的新一代量子真空计量标准研究进展,对原理、关键技术及难度挑战进行了阐述和分析。     

慢波结构冷测系统的研制

文章选择行波法和非谐振微扰法分别作为色散和耦合阻抗的测量方法,并在此基础上搭建了冷测系统。对两种不同类型的慢波结构样品进行了冷测验证,测试结果与仿真结果的平均相对误差小于5％。     

Analysis of the brightness temperature features of the lunar surface using 37 GHz channel data from the Chang'E-2 microwave radiometer

Compared with other remote observations, brightness temperatures (T_B) derived from microwave emission measurements provide a unique means to characterize the physical properties of the lunar surface. Using Chang’E-2 microwave radiometer data, we produced 12 global T_B images of the lunar surface during a diurnal cycle with different local times separated by approximately 2?h. There are two types of remarkable T_B units on the lunar surface, the “hot regions” occurring during the lunar day in the lunar Maria regions and the “microwave cold spots” occurring during the nighttime typically related to young craters. Compared with their surroundings, the hot regions are much warmer during the lunar day and slightly colder at night, while the microwave cold spots are much colder during the lunar night and slightly warmer in the daytime. Moreover, the T_B heating and cooling rates of these two units are larger than others at the same average latitude where they are located during the lunar day, especially after sunrise and before sunset. The hot regions have a good agreement with the mare regions with high TiO₂ abundance. Besides, brightness temperatures in the lunar Maria correlate closely with their TiO₂ abundance. For most microwave cold spots, they agree with the young craters, and their brightness temperature distributions have a significant negative correlation with the lunar surface nighttime temperature and rock abundance.     

Experimental and numerical study on pressure oscillation in a combustor with rotary valve

A rotary valve coupled in a combustor assembly can generate periodic pressure oscillations inside the combustor and can be used to study the combustion instability in the combustion chamber of a rocket engine. This paper proposes a cold gas flow experimental system based on a rotary valve and a corresponding rotation model. A 3D numerical model is proposed to obtain the transient flow inside the rotary valve, and the dynamic mesh technique and User-Defined Functions (UDFs) are adopted to implement a swing motion instead of a rotary motion. Several cold gas flow experiments are carried out at rotating speeds of 75 225, and 375 rpm to verify the validity of the numerical model. The effects of rotating speed, stroke length ratio and radius of the RED (Rotor Exhaust Duct) on the pressure oscillations are studied using this numerical model. The results show that the maximum and peak-to-peak values of the pressure oscillations gradually decrease with increasing rotating speed. The ratio of the corresponding peak-to-peak value to the maximum pressure (pressure amplitude ratio) is reduced from 1.81 to 0.6%. The stroke length ratio affects the pressure waveform because it leads to a change in the time spent in the non-exhaust stage. When the stroke length ratio is 0, the waveform closely resembles a sine wave. With the increase in the stroke length ratio, the pressure waveform exhibits a more square or a triangular wave shape. Finally, a high-frequency and high-amplitude pressure oscillation can be obtained by appropriately increasing the radius of the RED.     

精密轴的加工与稳定化处理

文章介绍了航天遥感器中精密滑动轴的机械加工与磨削及稳定性处理等特点。包括材料性能,刀具材料与几何参数,磨料与磨削工艺参数及稳定性处理。     

The plasma sheet and boundary layers under northward IMF: A multi-point and multi-instrument perspective

During conditions of northward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), the near-tail plasma sheet is known to become denser and cooler, and is described as the cold-dense plasma sheet (CDPS). While its source is likely the solar wind, the prominent penetration mechanisms are less clear. The two main candidates are solar wind direct capture via double high-latitude reconnection on the dayside and Kelvin–Helmholtz/diffusive processes at the flank magnetopause. This paper presents a case study on the formation of the CDPS utilizing a wide variety of space- and ground-based observations, but primarily from the Double Star and Polar spacecraft on December 5th, 2004. The pertinent observations can be summarized as follows: TC-1 observes quasi-periodic (∼2 min period) cold-dense boundary layer (compared to a hot-tenuous plasma sheet) signatures interspersed with magnetosheath plasma at the dusk flank magnetopause near the dawn-dusk terminator. Analysis of this region suggests the boundary to be Kelvin–Helmholtz unstable and that plasma transport is ongoing across the boundary. At the same time, IMAGE spacecraft and ground based SuperDARN measurements provide evidence of high-latitude reconnection in both hemispheres. The Polar spacecraft, located in the southern hemisphere afternoon sector, sunward of TC-1, observes a persistent boundary layer with no obvious signature of boundary waves. The plasma is of a similar appearance to that observed by TC-1 inside the boundary layer further down the dusk flank, and by TC-2 in the near-Earth magnetotail. We present comparisons of electron phase space distributions between the spacecraft. Although the dayside boundary layer at Polar is most likely formed via double high-altitude reconnection, and is somewhat comparable to the flank boundary layer at Double Star, some differences argue in favour of additional transport that augment solar wind plasma entry into the tail regions.     

IBM-PC在液体火箭发动机喷嘴冷流实验台测控系统中的应用

IBM-PC微机在喷嘴冷流实验系统中的应用,提高了测量精度和实验的自动化程度,节省了人力与实验的周期.为今后大规模开展多种类型喷嘴的冷流喷雾特性实验研究,奠定了良好的基础.     

In orbit performance of butane propulsion system

The present work focuses on the determination of the in orbit performance of the Alsat-1 microsatellite propulsion system. The satellite mass is 90 kg, of which 6.2 kg is the propulsion system dry mass. The system is a butane propulsion system using low power resistojet thruster with 2.3 kg of propellant. The liquefied butane gas was selected due to its higher storage density and safety compared to the other propellants used for microsatellites. The purpose of this paper is the analysis of the firings performed after the launch of the satellite and to evaluate the system specific impulse and thrust level during the system lifetime. A total of 273 firings were performed on the Alsat-1 propulsion system in the period between the end of 2002 and mid 2009, the cumulated firing time is more than 12 h 49 min. The analysis of all the propulsion telemetry data shows that the system provides a total mission delta V of 25.3 m/s which is more than the 10 m/s specified for this mission. Furthermore, the mission average specific impulse and thrust are respectively 99.9 s and 48.8 mN.     

用于铷原子磁光阱的超高真空系统设计

上抛式冷原子干涉重力仪,以Rb原子作为操控介质,使其在二维磁光阱中被冷却,在三维磁光阱中装载并在干涉区内实现探测。根据重力仪对真空系统的特殊要求,对真空系统的结构和参数进行设计,完成真空泵、真空腔室结构及光学玻片等关键部件的选型及设计,设计出结构紧凑实用的超高真空系统。在后期磁光阱的装配中,提出了相应的关键工艺技术,实现了超高真空系统的组装搭建。通过差分管的设计,二维磁光阱的真空度控制在10-6Pa,三维磁光阱的极限真空度达到10-8Pa。