塞式喷管冷流实验和数值模拟研究

开展了塞式喷管冷流实验和数值模拟研究。实验模型采用直排的点膨胀构型，实验测量了两种塞体长度的塞式喷管在不同压比条件下的表面压强分布，拍摄了典型工况下流场的纹影照片。数值模拟采用二阶NND格式求解二维N-S方程，计算得到的壁面压强分布与实验结果吻合较好。通过实验和数值模拟验证了塞式喷管高度补偿特性，得到的结论为塞式喷管设计和性能预报提供了依据。     

Impact of a novel hybrid accelerometer on satellite gravimetry performance

The state-of-the-art electrostatic accelerometers (EA) used for the retrieval of non-gravitational forces acting on a satellite constitute a core component of every dedicated gravity field mission. However, due to their difficult-to-control thermal drift in the low observation frequencies, they are also one of the most limiting factors of the achievable performance of gravity recovery. Recently, a hybrid accelerometer consisting of a regular EA and a novel cold atom interferometer (CAI) that features a time-invariant observation stability and constantly recalibrates the EA has been developed in order to remedy this major drawback. In this paper we aim to assess the value of the hybrid accelerometer for gravity field retrieval in the context of GRACE-type and Bender-type missions by means of numerical closed-loop simulations where possible noise specifications of the novel instrument are considered and different components of the Earth’s gravity field signal are added subsequently. It is shown that the quality of the gravity field solutions is mainly dependent on the CAI’s measurement accuracy. While a low CAI performance (10^?8 to 10^?9?m/s²/Hz^1/2) does not lead to any gains compared to a stand-alone EA, a sufficiently high one (10^?11?m/s²/Hz^1/2) may improve the retrieval performance by over one order of magnitude. We also show that improvements which are limited to low-frequency observations may even propagate into high spherical harmonic degrees. Further, the accelerometer performance seems to play a less prominent role if the overall observation geometry is improved as it is the case for a Bender-type mission. The impact of the accelerometer measurements diminishes further when temporal variations of the gravity field are introduced, pointing out the need for proper de-aliasing techniques. An additional study reveals that the hybrid accelerometer is – contrary to a stand-alone EA – widely unaffected by scale factor instabilities.     

孔壁冷挤压工艺对LC9板材疲劳寿命的影响

介绍了对LC9板材孔壁采用冷挤压工艺前后的疲劳寿命对比试验情况；论述了孔壁冷挤压强化对疲劳寿命的影响。     

慢波结构冷测系统的研制

文章选择行波法和非谐振微扰法分别作为色散和耦合阻抗的测量方法,并在此基础上搭建了冷测系统。对两种不同类型的慢波结构样品进行了冷测验证,测试结果与仿真结果的平均相对误差小于5％。     

量子真空标准研究进展

2018 年，国际计量局将对国际单位制7 个基本量进行重新定义或重述。基于光学方法的真空计量新方法、新概念进一步发展，促进真空计量标准向量子化迈进，对真空基本量复现以及今后真空国际单位制的重新定义（由压力的SI 单位帕斯卡（Pa）向气体密度单位（mol/m3 或分子个数/m3，变化）具有重要意义。与传统计量技术相比，利用光学方法所建立的量子真空计量标准具有不需要自校、溯源链零长度、响应快、准确度高、可在多个地点及不同时间复现等优点，为真正意义上的绝对原级标准。本文介绍了美国国家标准与技术研究院（NIST）、德国联邦物理技术研究院（PTB）及瑞典国家测试和检定研究院（SNTRI）等机构开展的基于折射率、吸收光谱、冷原子3种光学方法的新一代量子真空计量标准研究进展，对原理、关键技术及难度挑战进行了阐述和分析。     

基于热喷涂技术制备的热障涂层

着眼于热喷涂技术在热障涂层制备方面的研究现状,在分析热障涂层失效原因的基础上,介绍了等离子喷涂技术及冷喷涂技术和在热障涂层结合层和陶瓷层制备方面的研究进展。     

末敏弹毫米波辐射计波形干扰新方法

末敏弹干扰技术的研究具有重要的军事应用价值。基于毫米波交流辐射计的工作原理和电路响应特性,提出了一种波形诱骗的毫米波有源干扰的新方法。采用毫米波干扰源发射窄频信号产生热源,经辐射计宽带接收和检波后获得宽时信号波形,视频放大器低频电路的微分作用使宽时信号波形失真为正、负脉冲形式的分裂信号,其中负脉冲部分类似末敏弹探测装甲目标的负向脉冲波形,实现模拟冷目标的干扰效果。仿真分析与实验验证了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

自适应控温冷板的设计与性能分析

为改善航天器热控系统的控温可靠性,基于石蜡感温相变体积发生变化的特性,构建了自适应控温冷板,并给出了自适应控温冷板内的石蜡和复位弹簧的设计模型。在此基础上,为了开展自适应控温冷板的性能分析研究,建立了采用自适应控温冷板的航天器单相流体回路热控系统,并基于集总参数法构建该单相流体回路热控系统的热网络模型。结果表明,所设计的自适应控温冷板在不同的热载荷条件下具备可靠的自适应控温能力,合理选择石蜡参数和优化结构设计可改善控温性能,自适应控温冷板在地面电子设备及空间热载荷的控温领域有较好的应用前景。     

含潜入喷管发动机尾部流场冷流模拟

为了揭示含潜入喷管的固体火箭发动机尾部流动特征,按照几何相近和气动相似原则设计了通道为矩形的二维冷流实验模型,利用相位多普勒粒子分析仪（ＰＤＰＡ）对燃烧室尾部气流的时均速度和湍流脉动速度进行了测量。实验结果表明气流在潜入喷管入口上发生分离,再附点位于喷管前端部外侧,背部空腔内形成一个较为稳定的回流区,流场的轴向和横向湍流强度都比较大。     

The analysis of affections to the cold space calibration source of ChangE-1 payload Microwave Detector

ChangE-1 (CE-1) will be the first satellite of China in lunar orbit. Its Microwave Detector makes real-time and periodical calibration at high and low temperature points. The low brightness temperature calibration source will be provided by calibration antenna which is pointing towards the cold space.