月球探测中通信跟踪(C&T)技术遇到的新问题

以技术成熟的GEO以下近地轨道的C&T技术为参照点,提出月球探测遇到的新问题———长时间、远距离地月转移轨道测量、环月轨道段测量和月面登陆段测量中的新问题,给出解决这些问题的合理方法。     

用差分干涉仪测量钝锥模型周围的密度场

本文介绍了用差分干涉仪测量超声速流场中钝锥模型周围密度场的试验装置和测量结果,并同尖锥模型的测量结果进行了比较。     

Vertical plasma transport in the ionosphere over Irkutsk during St. Patrick’s Day geomagnetic storm: Observations and modeling

The St. Patrick’s Day storm being the strongest geomagnetic storm of Solar Cycle 24 caused strong changes in ionospheric and thermospheric dynamics. The paper presents a study of vertical plasma transport in the ionosphere during the St. Patrick’s Day storm with using both observations and modeling. The observations give the ionospheric peak height obtained with the chirp vertical sounding ionosonde and the neutral wind velocities obtained with the Fabry-Perot interferometer. The ionospheric peak height is an indicator of the total vertical plasma transport, while meridional wind and electromagnetic drift are the two main drivers of the vertical plasma transport. The Global Self-consistent Model of the Thermosphere, Ionosphere, and Protonosphere used in this study gives the total set of ionospheric and thermospheric parameters including F2-layer peak height, neutral wind velocities, electric field, and neutral composition. The model/data comparison allows us to obtain two main results. The first one is an estimation of the model prediction possibilities under storm conditions. The second result is an indirect assessment of the neutral wind and electric field contribution into the changes in the ionospheric peak height in the case of the St. Patrick’s Day geomagnetic storm.     

量块的电脑化测试装置

接触式干涉仪是计量部门测试三等量块的法定仪器。本文介绍了一种基于接触式干涉仪的量块自动测试系统，它以光电探测替代目视估测，免除操作人员的视力疲劳，并能自动处理数据。软件系统以最新的国家检定标准编制，易学好用。     

The analysis of affections to the cold space calibration source of ChangE-1 payload Microwave Detector

ChangE-1 (CE-1) will be the first satellite of China in lunar orbit. Its Microwave Detector makes real-time and periodical calibration at high and low temperature points. The low brightness temperature calibration source will be provided by calibration antenna which is pointing towards the cold space.     

Impact of a novel hybrid accelerometer on satellite gravimetry performance

The state-of-the-art electrostatic accelerometers (EA) used for the retrieval of non-gravitational forces acting on a satellite constitute a core component of every dedicated gravity field mission. However, due to their difficult-to-control thermal drift in the low observation frequencies, they are also one of the most limiting factors of the achievable performance of gravity recovery. Recently, a hybrid accelerometer consisting of a regular EA and a novel cold atom interferometer (CAI) that features a time-invariant observation stability and constantly recalibrates the EA has been developed in order to remedy this major drawback. In this paper we aim to assess the value of the hybrid accelerometer for gravity field retrieval in the context of GRACE-type and Bender-type missions by means of numerical closed-loop simulations where possible noise specifications of the novel instrument are considered and different components of the Earth’s gravity field signal are added subsequently. It is shown that the quality of the gravity field solutions is mainly dependent on the CAI’s measurement accuracy. While a low CAI performance (10^?8 to 10^?9?m/s²/Hz^1/2) does not lead to any gains compared to a stand-alone EA, a sufficiently high one (10^?11?m/s²/Hz^1/2) may improve the retrieval performance by over one order of magnitude. We also show that improvements which are limited to low-frequency observations may even propagate into high spherical harmonic degrees. Further, the accelerometer performance seems to play a less prominent role if the overall observation geometry is improved as it is the case for a Bender-type mission. The impact of the accelerometer measurements diminishes further when temporal variations of the gravity field are introduced, pointing out the need for proper de-aliasing techniques. An additional study reveals that the hybrid accelerometer is – contrary to a stand-alone EA – widely unaffected by scale factor instabilities.     

雷达侦察系统近场相位校正方法的实现

对采用多基线相位干涉仪进行测向定位的雷达侦察系统,分析在近场条件下进行相位一致性校正时引入的波程差,提出了近场条件下的相位校正方法.该方法可有效地消除或减小环境因素对雷达侦察系统相位校正和测向误差的影响,从而提高测向和定位精度.     

基于TDLAS的电弧风洞流场Cu组分监测

电弧风洞是进行防热材料和防热结构考核与研究的必要设备，也是高超声速地面试验能力的重要组成部分，但电弧加热器的电极烧蚀会导致较为严重的流场污染，影响试验准确性。利用可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱技术（TDLAS），通过对20 MW级片式电弧加热器内部流场中Cu原子809.25 nm跃迁谱线进行实时测量，研究了电弧风洞流场中Cu污染情况和电极烧蚀情况。在获得Cu原子该谱线低能态数密度基础上，估算了运行功率分别在7.3、8.7、10.0和11.7 MW时流场中Cu组分（原子态和离子态）总数密度平均为10.6×10¹³、11.2×10¹³、11.7×10¹³和16.4×10¹³ cm^-3，同时得到平均电极烧蚀率约为1.65×10^-5 g/C。试验还发现，TDLAS信号在高温流场建立阶段起伏变化明显，并且在功率跃变时也会出现突然增强而后迅速回落的现象，表明电弧抖动会使电极烧蚀严重加剧。     

孔壁冷挤压工艺对LC9板材疲劳寿命的影响

介绍了对LC9板材孔壁采用冷挤压工艺前后的疲劳寿命对比试验情况；论述了孔壁冷挤压强化对疲劳寿命的影响。     

纳米测量方法及其研究进展综述

综述了纳米测量方法,主要可归纳为光学和非光学两大类测量技术。通过对各种方法的测量原理、测量装置、测量准确度及其亟待解决问题的分析,阐明了纳米测量技术的发展现状、发展趋势,对纳米测量技术的发展具有一定的推动和指导作用。