Microstructure and Optical Characterization of Magnetron Sputtered NbN Thin Films

Some fundamental studies on the preparation, structure and optical properties of NbN films were carried out. NbN thin films were deposited by DC reactive magnetron sputtering at different N2 partial pressures and different substrate temperatures ranging from –50 ℃ to 600 ℃. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to characterize their phase com- ponents, microstructures, grain sizes and surface morphology. Optical properties inclusive of refractive indexes, extinction coefficients and transmittance of the NbN films under different sputtering conditions were measured. With the increase in the N2 partial pressure, δ-NbN phase structure gets forming and the grain size and lattice constant of the cubic NbN increasing. The deposited NbN film has relatively high values of refractive index and extinction coefficient in the wavelength ranging from 240 nm to 830 nm. Substrate tem- perature exerts notable influences on the microstructure and optical transmittance of the NbN films. The grain sizes of the δ-NbN film remarkably increase with the rise of the substrate temperature, while the transmittance of the films with the same thickness decreases. Ultra-fine granular film with particle size of several nanometers forms when the substrate is cooled to –50 ℃, and a remarkable aug- mentation of transmittance could be noticed under so low a temperature.     

地球同步轨道薄膜太阳帆的姿态轨道控制方法

薄膜太阳帆（FSS）是集推进、发电和姿轨控功能于一体化的超大型挠性太阳帆式航天器,通过调整薄膜反射率产生可变推力和力矩,实现其姿态和轨道运动控制。结合薄膜太阳帆在地球同步轨道运行时的受力特性进行了轨道漂移分析。通过建立薄膜太阳帆动力学模型及受力模型,提出了调整帆面角度轨道修正方法以及基于薄膜光压力矩角动量卸载的长期在轨对日定向面内双轴动量轮稳定控制方法。通过系统仿真验证表明所提的轨道修正和对日定向控制方法是合理有效的,可使薄膜太阳帆长期在定点位置维持对日定向。     

ZL104局部阳极氧化工艺研究

研究了铝合金材料阳极氧化理论以及ZL104铝合金材料局部硫酸阳极氧化处理后膜层粘脱现象产生的原因与机理,指出了该现象产生的原因是氧化膜在贮存、水试等环节受到污染而使氧化膜的封孔结构被破坏.根据理论分析和模拟试验结果,提出了局部阳极氧化前增加水封闭处理对氧化膜进行修复的工艺技术.该项技术可有效杜绝氧化膜层粘脱现象.采用该项工艺技术制造的液体火箭发动机已经用于常规运载火箭系统,该运载火箭已经完成飞行任务考核.     

非线性油膜支承裂纹转子振动特性分析

 以具有无限长轴承和无限短轴承支承的横向裂纹转子为研究对象,分析在非线性油膜力与横向裂纹联合作用时,Jeffcott转子的动力特性,并将其与刚性支承情况进行比较。结果表明轴承油膜力的存在对裂纹转子的振动影响较大,一般将降低转子的振动,这样势必增加转子裂纹故障诊断的难度。所以,在进行裂纹转子的故障诊断时,必须考虑到支承条件的影响,建立合理的动力学模型。     

气膜冷却叶片上扩散型冷却孔对紊流流场的影响

带有护散型冷却孔的气膜冷却叶版是新开发的结构，用于具有很市初始温度（1700℃）的氢气燃气轮机，名古屋工业大学流体机械实验室在日本首次对该结构的流场进行了研究。用垂直型和X型的热线测量了流场，获得了主流方向平均速度，紊流强度和雷诺剪应力，在沿下游方向和展向方向的平面里分别整理了实验数据，证实了扩散冷却孔对改善燃气轮机膜冷却紊流流场的效果。     

气、液组合膜流对壁面冷却效果的理论及试验研究

本文针对液膜及气膜组合流动的特点,提出了组合薄膜流动的“四层式流场物理模型”.根据所做简化、假设,对液膜区流场结构及冷却效果进行了理论计算,并通过分析方法,对其紧接的气膜段流动及冷却效果进行了理论预估.试验的结果表明:液膜段的理论计算与试验数据基本相符.并从试验中发现了液膜蒸干后气膜段冷却的一些特点.这对研究液体冷却时液膜及气膜组合流动的冷却效果提出了可行的途径.     

航空燃气涡轮冷气掺混流动损失的数值研究

采用理论分析的研究方法,对不同冷气掺混形式造成的涡轮气动性能的变化进行了数值计算研究。针对气膜冷却所造成的流动损失,采用修正的Ito等压混合模型;而针对尾缘冷气喷射所造成的流动损失,则采用了修正的Schoberi流动损失模型。对于不同的冷却方式,假定它们之间对主流造成的流动损失是相互独立。以某高压涡轮导向器作为研究对象,分析了各种冷气参数和几何参数对冷气掺混过程的影响规律。研究结果表明,涡轮叶片气冷过程引起的叶栅总压损失随冷气入射角度、吹气比、混合层厚度的变化而显著变化,通过优化设计可以使气冷过程造成的流动损失最小。     

飞机用固体膜润滑剂

针对新机种对固体膜润滑剂的需求,研制了两种固体膜润滑剂-HR-7201和HR-7101.润滑剂采用国产原材料,具有摩擦系数低,耐高低温及耐介质等优良性能,使用温度HR-7201为-60～300℃,HR-7101为-60～200℃,短期可到250℃.已通过飞机典型零部件试验及长期试车考核,并在飞机上应用.     

Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulation of EB-PVD Film:Effects of Substrate Temperature

The 2D kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulation was used to study the effects of different substrate temperatures on the microstruc-ture of Ni-Cr films in the process of deposition by the electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD). In the KMC model, substrate was assumed to be a “surface” of tight-packed rows, and the simulation includes two phenomena: adatom-surface collision and adatom diffusion. While the interaction between atoms was described by the embedded atom method, the jumping energy was calculated by the molecular static (MS) calculation. The initial location of the adatom was defined by the Momentum Scheme. The results reveal that there exists a critical substrate temperature which means that the lowest packing density and the highest surface roughness structure will be achieved when the temperature is lower than the smaller critical value, while the roughness of both surfaces and the void contents keep decreasing with the substrate temperature increasing until it reaches the higher critical value. The results also indicate that the critical substrate temperature rises as the deposition rate increases.     

旋转整流罩积冰过程中水膜流动和脱离的数值研究

为了更准确地模拟旋转整流罩积冰过程,在现有三维积冰与冰层表面薄水膜流动耦合模型基础上,基于功平衡分析的方法引入了旋转部件表面水膜脱离模型,并发展了相应的计算方法,给出了水膜脱离的判定依据:当气流曳力做的功和由于离心力使水膜增加的潜能之和大于黏附功时整流罩表面的水膜会发生脱离。对旋转整流罩积冰进行数值模拟,计算结果与实验结果吻合得较好,验证了该模型的合理性和计算方法的可行性。之后分析了转速和来流速度对整流罩表面水膜脱离和积冰的影响,结果表明:转速和来流速度越大,水膜发生脱离的比例越大。在研究范围内,转速为3000r/min和6000r/min时,因水膜脱离导致积冰总量分别减少13.4%和15.8%;来流速度为40、50m/s和60m/s时,因水膜脱离导致积冰总量分别减少为12.2%、13.4%、14.2%。