浅谈数学教学中错解的教育功能

利用好错解的教育功能，可以优化认知结构，提高思维能力，从而更大程度地发挥和提高学生的智能和潜能，同时也可弘扬教师严谨的教风。     

Friction Stir Welding of Metal Matrix Composites for use in aerospace structures

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a relatively nascent solid state joining technique developed at The Welding Institute (TWI) in 1991. The process was first used at NASA to weld the super lightweight external tank for the Space Shuttle. Today FSW is used to join structural components of the Delta IV, Atlas V, and Falcon IX rockets as well as the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle. A current focus of FSW research is to extend the process to new materials which are difficult to weld using conventional fusion techniques. Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) consist of a metal alloy reinforced with ceramics and have a very high strength to weight ratio, a property which makes them attractive for use in aerospace and defense applications. MMCs have found use in the space shuttle orbiter's structural tubing, the Hubble Space Telescope's antenna mast, control surfaces and propulsion systems for aircraft, and tank armors. The size of MMC components is severely limited by difficulties encountered in joining these materials using fusion welding. Melting of the material results in formation of an undesirable phase (formed when molten Aluminum reacts with the reinforcement) which leaves a strength depleted region along the joint line. Since FSW occurs below the melting point of the workpiece material, this deleterious phase is absent in FSW-ed MMC joints. FSW of MMCs is, however, plagued by rapid wear of the welding tool, a consequence of the large discrepancy in hardness between the steel tool and the reinforcement material. This work characterizes the effect of process parameters (spindle speed, traverse rate, and length of joint) on the wear process. Based on the results of these experiments, a phenomenological model of the wear process was constructed based on the rotating plug model for FSW. The effectiveness of harder tool materials (such as Tungsten Carbide, high speed steel, and tools with diamond coatings) to combat abrasive wear is explored. In-process force, torque, and vibration signals are analyzed to assess the feasibility of on-line monitoring of tool shape changes as a result of wear (an advancement which would eliminate the need for off-line evaluation of tool condition during joining). Monitoring, controlling, and reducing tool wear in FSW of MMCs is essential to the implementation of these materials in structures (such as launch vehicles) where they would be of maximum benefit.     

Inverted decoupling and LMI-based controller design for a turboprop engine with actuator dynamics

The main objective of the turboprop engine control system is to ensure propeller absorbed power at a constant propeller speed by controlling fuel flow and blade angle. Since each input variable affects the selected output variables, there exist strong interactions between different control loops of a Two-Spool TurboProp Engine (TSTPE). Inverted decoupling is used to decouple the interactions and decompose the TSTPE into two independent single-input single-output systems. The multi-variable PI controller and two single-variable PI controllers are designed for the TSTPE with actuator dynamics based on Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI), respectively, which is derived from static output feedback and pole placement condition. The step responses show that due to the difference in the response times of the selected output variables, it is difficult to design an appropriate multi-variable PI controller. The designed single-variable PI controllers are tested on the TSTPE integrated model to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, that is, the interactions are first decoupled and then the controllers are designed, and the resulting simulated responses show that compared with the controller designed without actuator dynamics, the gas-generator shaft speed and power turbine shaft speed can better track their respective commands under the action of the controller designed with actuator dynamics.     

某种新型磁强计在星载部件测试中的应用研究

介绍了一种新型的磁强计，该磁强计用具有零磁滞伸缩系数的非晶态合金薄带作为探头铁心，多谐振荡回路作为磁强计电路。它具有结构简单，操作方便，频率响应范围大（０～５ｋＨｚ）等优点。给出了该磁强计的工作原理，并对其在星载部件测试中的应用进行了探索。     

低频靶标法测量CCD相机调制传递函数的仿真

基于用高频靶标法测试调制传递函数（MTF）时不能准确地体现出CCD器件的平均采样的情况。该文探讨用低频靶标法测试MTF，介绍它的原理；通过数字仿真CCD的光学镜头的模糊和采样平均过程，分析不同频率靶标的MTF测试结果，并分析相位造成的影响。     

民航高技能人才培养现状调查分析

通过对广州民航职院1100余名学生的问卷调查,了解了学生对高技能人才的认识情况,掌握了民航高技能人才在培养目标、专业设置、课程结构、教学改革、师资水平的培养现状及存在的问题,并针对调查结果,提出了加强民航高技能人才培养的对策与建议。     

计算机翼跨声速压力分布的格林函数方法

本文给出一种用格林定理将跨声速小扰动速势方程化成积分方程式,然后进行数值求解的方法,文中对场元强度进行松弛迭代,一般只需20次左右即达收敛。算例表明,该方法结果与差分法结果一致。     

浅析Ackermann函数

利用递归函数显式化的一种新方法,给出了Akermann函数显式表示法,从而确定Akermann函数算法的时间复杂度为2幂函数级.     

旋转形导体上任意取向线天线辐射场的探讨

对任意旋转平滑形导体上任意取向的线天线所辐射的扬进行探讨。采用了矩量法和傅里叶分析法,给出了导体感应电流谐量表示式,由此可求辐射场。进而以球体上任意取向赫芝振子为例求出辐射场,并与经典法公式计算结果比较,两者一致。     

SINS任意失准角无奇异快速传递对准

针对战术级捷联惯导系统(SINS)任意失准角下的快速传递对准,提出一种直接姿态矩阵线性矩阵卡尔曼滤波的传递对准算法。首先,利用姿态矩阵描述姿态,将传统大、小失准角条件下的强非线性、线性滤波对准问题统一转化为一个线性滤波问题;然后,采用矩阵形式卡尔曼滤波对状态进行估计,得到一种线性矩阵滤波对准算法,可以在任意失准角、无初值条件下完成对准;最后,推导姿态矩阵正交约束条件下滤波算法的最优实现。仿真结果表明,算法适用于任意失准角下的传递对准,在摇摆运动下,可以在10 s内完成快速传递对准,水平精度达到0.02°(误差均方根)以内,航向精度达到0.03°(误差均方根)以内。