Distribution of chlorophyll and harmful algal blooms (HABs): A review on space based studies in the coastal environments of Chinese marginal seas

Monitoring of spatial and temporal distribution of chlorophyll (Chl-a) concentrations in the aquatic milieu is always challenging and often interesting. However, the recent advancements in satellite digital data play a significant role in providing outstanding results for the marine environmental investigations. The present paper is aimed to review ‘remote sensing research in Chinese seas’ within the period of 24 years from 1978 to 2002. Owing to generalized distributional pattern, the Chl-a concentrations are recognized high towards northern Chinese seas than the southern. Moreover, the coastal waters, estuaries, and upwelling zones always exhibit relatively high Chl-a concentrations compared with offshore waters. On the basis of marine Chl-a estimates obtained from satellite and other field measured environmental parameters, we have further discussed on the applications of satellite remote sensing in the fields of harmful algal blooms (HABs), primary production and physical oceanographic currents of the regional seas. Concerned with studies of HABs, satellite remote sensing proved more advantageous than any other conventional methods for large-scale applications. Probably, it may be the only source of authentic information responsible for the evaluation of new research methodologies to detect HABs. At present, studies using remote sensing methods are mostly confined to observe algal bloom occurrences, hence, it is essential to coordinate the mechanism of marine ecological and oceanographic dynamic processes of HABs using satellite remote sensing data with in situ measurements of marine environmental parameters. The satellite remote sensing on marine environment and HABs is believed to have a great improvement with popular application of technology.     

浅析威廉斯的意象主义诗歌与中国传统文化之渊源

威廉.卡洛斯.威廉斯的意象主义诗歌中有很多是描写女性的,研究这个后现代主义诗人的诗歌,可以从研究其描写女性的诗歌入手,从而找出其与世界直接交流的现代艺术特征和其与中国传统文化的渊源。     

Numerical investigation of flow mechanisms of tandem impeller inside a centrifugal compressor

This study numerically investigated a single stage centrifugal compressor ‘‘Radiver’’ with a wedge diffuser and several tandem-designed impellers to explore the flow phenomena within the tandem impeller and the potential to enhance compressor performance. The results demonstrate that tandem design and clocking fraction (λ_s) significantly affects the compressor performance. The compressor stage with tandem impellers of Series A of boundary layer growth interruption alone are observed to have a widely operating range but efficiency and total pressure ratio penalty compared with that of conventional impeller. The tandem impeller with at least the same impeller efficiency as the conventional design is considered as a critical design criteria so that further modification process based on the flow characteristic of tandem impeller is necessary. In order to restrain the inducer wake and exducer shock losses, parameters modification of blade angle and thickness distributions are necessary and the modified tandem impeller of Series B is obtained. The modified tandem impeller with 25% clocking arrangement shows an 8.45% stall margin increase and maintains the total pressure ratio and efficiency as the conventional design, which proves the potential of tandem impeller to improve compressor stage performance. It is noteworthy that the tandem impellers of Radiver have not shown obviously balanced exit flow field and the fundamental mechanism of stall margin extending of tandem impeller lies on the improved impeller/diffuser matching performance resulting from the incidence angle variation at diffuser inlet.     

汉语双模情感语音数据库标注及一致性检测

对缺少含有丰富情感标注信息的情感语音数据库问题,建立了一个包含语音和电声门图仪(EGG)信息的汉语双模情感语音数据库,并对其进行了标注和一致性检测.首先,根据情感语音数据库的特色制定了详细的标注规则和方法,由5名标注者按照制定的标注规则对情感语音数据库进行标注.其次,为了确保情感语音数据库的标注质量和测试标注规则的完整性,标注者在正式标注之前先进行了测试性标注,测试语音包含280条语音(7种情感×2名说话人×20条语音).最后,根据语音标注规则设计了相应的一致性检测算法.结果表明,在5ms的时间误差范围内,5名标注者对相同语音标注的一致性平均可以达到60%以上,当误差范围增大至8ms和10ms时,一致性平均可提高5%和8%.实验说明5名标注者对语音的理解较一致,制定的标注规则比较完整,情感语音数据库的质量也较高.      

Science Researches of Chinese Manned Space Flight

With the complete success of the 2nd stage of Chinese Manned Space Program (CMSP), several science researches have been performed on Tiangong-1 experimental spacelab, which was docked with three Shenzhou spaceships one after another. The China's real spacelab, Tiangong-2 will be launched in 2015, docked with a Shenzhou spaceship soon. After six months, it will be docked with the first Chinese cargo ship (Tianzhou-1). More space science researches, involving with space biology, fluid physics, fundamental physics, materials science, Earth science, astronomy and space environmental science, will be operated on Tiangong-2 spacelab, and crewed and cargo spaceships. Furthermore, the considerable large-scale space utilization of Shina's Space Station is planned. The research fields include yet not limited to space medicine and physiology, space life science and biotechnology, fluid physics and combustion in microgravity, space material science, and fundamental physics in microgravity, space astronomy, Earth science, space physics and space environment utilization, technology demonstration.      

中国经济由外需拉动向内需拉动转型的思考

国际金融危机冲击导致外需大幅下滑,我国经济增长受到较大影响,外需拉动型发展模式亟待向内需拉动型发展模式转变.转型虽然势在必行,但转型并非要依靠缩小出口的绝对规模来实现,而主要应通过扩大内需的相对规模来实现.从中长期看,扩大消费是实现转型的主要途径,保持较大投资规模仍是国情所需,提倡乐于消费的观念有助于促进转型的实现,只有全面深化改革才能实现转型.     

新中国的诞生对于中华民族的伟大意义

近代以来,在西方帝国主义侵略下,中华民族陷入了半殖民地的苦难深渊.中国历届政府没有也不可能完成救国救民的历史任务,直到中华人民共和国成立后,中华民族才迎来了民族解放的春天.     

名城文化误区与政府文化观

当前历史名城的保护和建设中,出现了不少文化误区,表现为“泛文化”、“狭文化”、“假文化”、“死文化”、“功利文化”以及文化的“泛产业化”和非特色化,等等。产生这些误区的原因不仅仅是政府利益和政绩观、发展观产生偏差,政府文化观的缺失与错位才是问题产生的根源,因此,只有培养正确的文化观和体制改革双管齐下,才能更好地保护和传承名城文化,避免借保护之名行破坏之实的行为。     

管理中的中国古代人性观和西方人性假设

人性假设理论是管理理论的深层次结构,是管理理论的基础,对管理思想和制度等产生了重大影响.不同的人性假设理论导致不同的管理思想,这些人性假设理论不仅包括中国古代性善论、性恶论及二者的折衷,也包括西方经济人、社会人、自我实现人人性假设理论,等等.中西方人性假设之间不仅有一定一致性,也存在着诸如社会背景、产生方式、结构模式等的差异.     

论中国现代文学的经典化——以鲁迅和沈从文为例

中国现代文学的发展经历了萌芽与兴盛，发展与曲折，成熟与繁荣，铸就了一批具有权威性和超越时空的文学经典，中国现代文学也成为一种经典性的存在。所谓的经典，意味着这类作品或著作在经过历史的沉淀之后，拥有经久不衰的文学价值，闪烁出典范与权威的光芒，也最终成为了文学领域中的精英和精华。在对古代文学经典形成定论之后，随着社会的发展，白上个世纪九十年代，现当代文学作家作品也面临着经典化的问题。文章基于对文学经典的理解，针对中国现当代文学，主要以现代文学中的典型作家作品为例来探讨中国现代文学的经典化。