二维过渡区含化学反应的喷流干扰流场DSMC/EPSM仿真

构造可仿真含化学反应的稀薄／连续不同流动区域的DSMC／EPSM混合算法，应用该算法，数值模拟过渡区有横向喷流干扰的二维有限平板高超声速化学反应流场，分析流场结构和物面气动系数分布等特性，充分反映稀薄／连续混合区域高超声速流动中的化学反应效应，同时通过与DSMC算法比较，论证DSMC／EPSM混合算法的可行性与计算效率相对提高的优越性。     

高温圆管内多孔介质耦合换热的辐射作用

通过数值模拟圆管内填充多孔介质的辐射对流耦合换热,研究高温固体骨架辐射效应对温度分布及换热的影响.基于局部非热平衡模型分别建立流体和固相能量方程,采用蒙特卡罗法求解固体骨架的辐射换热;对不考虑热辐射引起的温度场偏差和管壁发射率以及多孔结构参数的影响进行讨论.结果表明:多孔固体骨架的辐射效应对入口段温度场的影响明显,不考虑辐射将导致较大偏差,壁温为1500K时最大偏差为16%.管壁发射率对温度场影响较小,壁温为1500K时影响小于3%.孔隙率或孔径增大,壁面辐射热流密度比例增加,辐射效应体现明显.      

Radical recombination in a hydrocarbon-fueled scramjet nozzle

To reveal the radical recombination process in the scramjet nozzle flow and study the effects of various factors of the recombination, weighted essentially non-oscillatory(WENO)schemes are applied to solve the decoupled two-dimensional Euler equations with chemical reactions to simulate the hydrocarbon-fueled scramjet nozzle flow. The accuracy of the numerical method is verified with the measurements obtained by a shock tunnel experiment. The overall model length is nearly 0.5 m, with inlet static temperatures ranging from 2000 K to 3000 K, inlet static pressures ranging from 75 k Pa to 175 k Pa, and inlet Mach numbers of 2.0 ± 0.4 are involved.The fraction Damkohler number is defined as functions of static temperature and pressure to analyze the radical recombination progresses. Preliminary results indicate that the energy releasing process depends on different chemical reaction processes and species group contributions. In hydrocarbon-fueled scramjet nozzle flow, reactions with H have the greatest contribution during the chemical equilibrium shift. The contrast and analysis of the simulation results show that the radical recombination processes influenced by inflow conditions and nozzle scales are consistent with Damkohler numbers and potential dissociation energy release. The increase of inlet static temperature improves both of them, thus making the chemical non-equilibrium effects on the nozzle performance more significant. While the increase of inlet static pressure improves the former one and reduces the latter, it exerts little influence on the chemical non-equilibrium effects.     

激光增材制造钛合金构件的化学抛光工艺研究

采用HNO3-HF抛光液对激光选区熔化钛合金制件进行化学抛光,以试样表面粗糙度、减薄及失重变化为指标探究了抛光过程中不同温度和时间对钛合金增材制件抛光效果的影响。通过电化学测量、拉伸试验、残余应力测试等方法对比分析了化学抛光前后钛合金试样的电化学和力学性能。结果表明在温度30℃、反应时间10min下抛光钛合金可以取得较理想的抛光效果,试样表面粗糙度减小、耐腐蚀性能提高。化学抛光后钛合金的强度出现小幅下降,内部原有的残余应力由拉应力转变为压应力。     

RP-3航空煤油模拟替代燃料的着火延迟特性

为了获得一种新的国产RP-3航空煤油模拟替代燃料的着火延迟特性,在化学激波管中完成了初始压力分别为0.1MPa与0.3MPa,当量比分别为0.5,1.0与1.5,着火温度为1000～1700K条件下该模拟替代燃料着火延迟时间的试验测试,分析了初始压力与当量比对该模拟替代燃料着火延迟时间的影响规律,并与相应工况条件下RP...     

基于NSGA II算法分布度改进的ATREX发动机性能优化方法研究

为使飞行轨迹上膨胀式空气涡轮冲压发动机(Air Turbo Ramjet Expander, ATREX)推力满足飞行器要求,同时比冲为对应推力下的最优值,基于改进分布度的NSGA II算法建立了以推力、比冲为优化目标的ATREX多目标优化模型。本文首先提出了基于个体优化目标间直线距离的筛选函数,改善了NSGA II算法优化结果的分布度;然后基于改进的NSGA II算法建立了ATREX性能多目标优化模型,获得了地面状态发动机推力、比冲最优解。在优化结果分布度接近前提下,与基于原NSGA II算法建立的ATREX性能多目标优化模型对比,基于改进NSGA II算法建立的优化模型所需初始种群个数及迭代时间均下降30%左右。     

航空发动机用连续SiC_f/SiC复合材料制备工艺及应用前景

介绍了连续碳化硅纤维增强碳化硅基复合材料(SiC_f/Si C)常见的3种制备工艺,即化学气相渗透(CVI)工艺、前驱体浸渍/裂解(PIP)工艺及熔渗(MI)工艺的不同特点,探讨了国外不同工艺制备的复合材料的基本性能,并简述了SiC_f/SiC陶瓷基复合材料在航空发动机上的应用情况,以期为该材料在国内航空发动机领域的发展提供一定的参考。     

湿空气凝结对ONERA M6机翼气动特性影响的数值研究

大气飞行条件下机翼附近的跨声速湿空气流动中空气中含有的水蒸汽可能越过饱和线而发生非平衡凝结。水蒸汽凝结潜热加热气流会改变跨声速流动的特性,从而对机翼气动特性造成显著影响。本文建立了湿空气非平衡凝结流动的数学物理模型,对ONERA M6机翼在跨声速条件下的湿空气非平衡凝结流动进行了分析。结果表明,与干空气流动相比,在攻角为3.06°和空气相对湿度为50%时,ONERA M6机翼表面压力系数有显著变化。造成机翼气动特性显著变化的原因在于:湿空气中水蒸汽凝结放热对跨声速气流加热,导致机翼表面附近的流速、压力与流场结构发生了显著变化。     

高超声速钝体尾流的积分电子密度与尺寸度律

本文提出了一个高超声速非烧蚀钝体化学非平衡尾流流场的简化模型和简化的空气化学模型。应用该模型计算尾流的积分电子密度。计算结果与实验数据符合得很好。在此基础上,以P_∞D_N=375mmHg·mm为例,初步论证了尾流双尺度律的适用程度与范围,为弹道靶模型实验提供正确的导向。     

From Titan’s tholins to Titan’s aerosols: Isotopic study and chemical evolution at Titan’s surface

In the present work, we focused on the possible isotopic fractionation of carbon during the processes involved in the formation of Titan’s tholins. We present the first results obtained on the ¹²C/¹³C isotopic ratios measured on Titan’s tholins synthesized in laboratory with cold plasma discharges. Measurements of isotopic ratio ¹²C/¹³C, done both on tholins and on the initial gas mixture (N₂:CH₄ (98:2)) used to produce them, do not show any evident deficit or enrichment in ¹³C relatively to ¹²C in the synthesized tholins, compared to the initial gas mixture. This observation allows to go further in the analyses of the ACP experiment data, including part of the Cassini–Huygens mission.