基于视觉的飞行器运动参数串行式递归估计

针对利用视觉方法进行飞行器运动参数估计中旋转与平移参数耦合及计算量大的问题 ,设计了一种适用于递归方法的串行式运动参数估计模型。证明了旋转运动参数的估计不依 赖于平移参数,据此建立了基于特征线的旋转运动参数估计模型,进而设计了串行式运动参 数估计模型。给出并证明了利用该模型进行运动参数估计时解的唯一性结论。仿真实验和实 测试验表明：相对于集中式模型,使用串行式递归模型进行飞行器运动参数估计时计算耗时 减小、姿态精度更高、鲁棒性更强。
     

武器系统小样本场合下的区间估计

介绍了区间估计的一般方法 ,针对武器系统试验次数少的特点 ,讨论了小样本条件下武器系统战术技术性能指标的置信区间估计的估计方法 ,并以示例进行了说明     

嵌套阵列最大似然估计测向算法

针对在辐射源个数未知的条件下嵌套阵列难以估计多个辐射源角度的问题,提出了基于最大似然估计(MLE)的嵌套阵列角度估计算法。算法在嵌套阵列模型的基础上,首先通过推导阵列截获多辐射源信号的最大似然函数及其梯度,利用最速下降法估计出空域中所有潜在辐射源的角度;然后,通过多元假设检验,利用最大似然比与门限进行比较,确定出空域中所有潜在辐射源中某一时刻发射信号的活跃辐射源角度,排除其余噪声形成的虚假辐射源角度,解决了在辐射源个数未知条件下嵌套阵列对多个辐射源角度估计问题。仿真结果表明:与传统多重信号分类(MUSIC)算法相比,该算法在辐射源数目未知、存在相干信号、低信噪比(SNR)、低快拍数条件下,均具有较好的角度估计精度,并且算法形成的虚拟阵列自由度是空间平滑MUSIC算法的2倍;多元假设检验法比传统信源数目估计算法在低信噪比条件下和处理相干信号方面具有明显优势。     

Relay selection in cooperative communication systems over continuous time-varying fading channel

In this paper, we study relay selection under outdated channel state information (CSI) in a decode-and-forward (DF) cooperative system. Unlike previous researches on cooperative commu-nication under outdated CSI, we consider that the channel varies continuously over time, i.e., the channel not only changes between relay selection and data transmission but also changes during data transmission. Thus the level of accuracy of the CSI used in relay selection degrades with data transmission. We first evaluate the packet error rate (PER) of the cooperative system under contin-uous time-varying fading channel, and find that the PER performance deteriorates more seriously under continuous time-varying fading channel than when the channel is assumed to be constant during data transmission. Then, we propose a repeated relay selection (RRS) strategy to improve the PER performance, in which the forwarded data is divided into multiple segments and relay is reselected before the transmission of each segment based on the updated CSI. Finally, we propose a combined relay selection (CRS) strategy which takes advantage of three different relay selection strategies to further mitigate the impact of outdated CSI.     

Beam-Park-Experiment-1/2000 with TIRA

A monostatic 24-h debris observation campaign (BPE-1/2000) has been prepared and conducted using FGAN's TIRA L-Band system. Based on experiences from previous Beam-park experiments a similar largely automated data processing is applied on an extended range window of 300–2000km. More than 1500 detections are encountered, 471 of them are verified as being real objects in Low-Earth-Orbit (LEO). PROOF's observation forecasting of catalogued objects is evaluated against the observed objects, and the difficulties obtaining radar cross-sections (RCSs) and object sizes from Beam-park experiments are discussed. Sidelobe detections are identified by using background information like two-line element (TLE) sets and/or catalogued RCSs.In comparison with previous experiments, the statistics show similarities confirming the concept of Beam-park experiments for space debris observations, despite the snapshot character of 24-h experiments. The comparison with MASTER/PROOF'99 and ORDEM2000 leads to a reasonable agreement between models and observations.     

A closed-form solution for moving source localization using LBI changing rate of phase difference only

Due to the deficiencies in the conventional multiple-receiver localization systems based on direction of arrival(DOA) such as system complexity of interferometer or array and amplitude/phase unbalance between multiple receiving channels and constraint on antenna configuration,a new radiated source localization method using the changing rate of phase difference(CRPD)measured by a long baseline interferometer(LBI) only is studied. To solve the strictly nonlinear problem, a two-stage closed-form solution is proposed. In the first stage, the DOA and its changing rate are estimated from the CRPD of each observer by the pseudolinear least square(PLS) method,and then in the second stage, the source position and velocity are found by another PLS minimization. The bias of the algorithm caused by the correlation between the measurement matrix and the noise in the second stage is analyzed. To reduce this bias, an instrumental variable(IV) method is derived. A weighted IV estimator is given in order to reduce the estimation variance. The proposed method does not need any initial guess and the computation is small. The Cramer–Rao lower bound(CRLB) and mean square error(MSE) are also analyzed. Simulation results show that the proposed method can be close to the CRLB with moderate Gaussian measurement noise.     

Gray bootstrap method for estimating frequency-varying random vibration signals with small samples

During environment testing, the estimation of random vibration signals （RVS） is an important technique for the airborne platform safety and reliability. However, the available meth- ods including extreme value envelope method （EVEM）, statistical tolerances method （STM） and improved statistical tolerance method （ISTM） require large samples and typical probability distri- bution. Moreover, the frequency-varying characteristic of RVS is usually not taken into account. Gray bootstrap method （GBM） is proposed to solve the problem of estimating frequency-varying RVS with small samples. Firstly, the estimated indexes are obtained including the estimated inter- val, the estimated uncertainty, the estimated value, the estimated error and estimated reliability. In addition, GBM is applied to estimating the single flight testing of certain aircraft. At last, in order to evaluate the estimated performance, GBM is compared with bootstrap method （BM） and gray method （GM） in testing analysis. The result shows that GBM has superiority for estimating dynamic signals with small samples and estimated reliability is proved to be 100% at the given confidence level.     

Maximal admissible mode decision delay in terminal guidance

Mode decision-maker is a critical component in the logic-based Integrated Estimation and Guidance(IEG) system. For the best possible estimation and guidance performance, the mode decision delay of the mode decision-maker should be limited to a range as small as possible. This paper presents a numerical method for computing the maximal admissible mode decision delay that varies with time-to-go. Particular attention has been paid to highly maneuvering target interception in terminal guidance. The results of this research offer useful guidelines for the design of the mode decision-maker in IEG systems.     

基于稀疏重构的L型阵列的二维波达方向估计

在L型阵列下,基于稀疏重构提出一种可实现自动角度配对的二维波达方向估计方法。首先,根据两均匀线阵接收数据的互相关矩阵构建二维稀疏线性模型;然后,通过数学变换将该二维模型转换为联合稀疏重构模型之内,通过联合稀疏重构算法分别单独获得信源方位角和俯仰角的粗略估计,并将此信息融入二维稀疏线性模型,大大减少了模型中原子个数,达到降低计算复杂度的目的;其次,从理论上分析了新方法可分辨的信源个数和计算复杂度;最后,通过一系列计算机仿真将新方法与其它子空间类二维波达方位估计方法进行比较,表明了新方法在估计精度上的优越性。     

某大结构变化空间飞行器转动惯量在轨估计

针对某空间飞行器在轨运行时转动惯量变化大的特点,对其转动惯量的在轨估计方法进行了研究。基于姿态动力学模型建立状态方程,用陀螺测得的角速度、推力标称值和推力作用点的位置信息构造量测,用最小二乘法估计转动惯量。仿真结果证明了算法的有效性,误差小于5%。估计算法计算简单,估计时间和所用燃料消耗少,工程上易于实现。